基于EMD的前后置滤波语音增强算法

针对低信噪比下语音增强困难的问题及经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD)在语音增强中的有效应用,提出了一种基于EMD的前后置滤波语音增强算法.将含噪语音信号进行卡尔曼滤波后做EMD分解,采用能量阈值法判断出含有残余噪声的本征模态函数(IMF),对其小波变换后与其余IMF重构为最终的语音增强信号.实验表明,在输入信噪比为-10~5dB的不同噪声环境下,以时域分段信噪比及语音质量感知评测PESQ作为评价指标,效果均优于单独的EMD、小波软阈值法及卡尔曼滤波算法,是一种有效的语音增强算法.     

基于经验模态分解空域相关滤波的脉冲星信号消噪

针对脉冲星信号信噪比极低,且信号中有色噪声成分远大于高斯白噪声的特点,提出了一种基于经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD)的脉冲星信号空域相关滤波消噪方法。首先建立脉冲星信号的分形高斯噪声模型,根据双对数功率谱密度估计分形高斯噪声的Hurst参数值;然后,结合脉冲星累积信号的窗口辐射特性和分形高斯噪声经EMD分解后的噪声分布特点,估计脉冲星信号各层内蕴模态函数(intrinsic mode function,IMF)中噪声的方差;最后,以IMF噪声方差为基础,建立EMD空域相关滤波方法并应用于脉冲星累积轮廓消噪。实验结果表明,与经典的平移不变小波阈值消噪法、平移不变小波空域相关滤波消噪法以及EMD模态单元比例萎缩消噪法相比,改进的EMD空域相关滤波消噪法在抑制脉冲信号中的噪声和保留更多的微脉冲特征细节信息方面更加有效。     

基于经验模态分解的齿轮箱故障特征提取

利用小波去噪阈值法对齿轮箱故障振动信号进行去噪,将经验模态分解(EMD)和快速傅里叶变换(FFT)相结合对齿轮箱故障进行特征提取,此方法适合于对非线性非稳态信号进行自适应的分析.利用小波阈值去噪方法对原始信号进行预处理,将去噪后的信号进行经验模态分解,得到一定数量的本征模态函数(IMF)分量,选取特定的IMF进行FFT,得到相应的功率谱,从而达到提取齿轮箱故障特征频率的目的.对齿轮箱故障信号进行分析,结果表明该方法能够有效地识别出齿轮箱故障特征频率.     

基于改进EMD的麦克风阵列语音增强研究

提出一种将改进EMD与麦克风阵列MVDR自适应波束形成相结合的语音增强方法。该方法利用互相关系数阈值法去除将EMD算法分解后的的虚假IMF分量,结合各阶IMF分量的自相关函数特性准确获取信号与噪声的主导IMF分量分界点,然后对所有噪声主导的IMF分量进行小波阈值去噪,接着将所有剩余IMF分量进行MVDR波束形成获得增强语音信号。改进EMD算法避免了在高信噪比条件下的信号失真,与MVDR波束形成相结合,满足了MVDR窄带特性要求,增强了麦克风阵列抗干扰能力。实验结果证明了方法的有效性。     

液压挖掘机反铲切削过程振动信号去噪处理

针对小波包频带能量分解和Hilbert-Huang变化在信号的去噪研究中的优势,对比2种方法在液压挖掘机反铲切削过程中振动信号去噪的准确度.以液压挖掘机工作装置的振动信号为例,利用小波包频带能量分解算法与Hilbert-Huang变化算法分别对振动信号进行重构.其中,Hilbert-Huang变换首先是对振动信号通过经验模态分解(empirical mode decomposition,EMD)得到IMF分量;然后,对IMF分量进行Hilbert谱分析,得到IMF分量的能量特征,选择有用的IMF分量进行信号重构,从而消除噪音信号的干扰.研究结果表明:与小波包频带能量分解方法相比, Hilbert-Huang变换的液压挖掘机反铲切削过程振动的重构信号更加接近真实信号.     

基于小波EMD的柴油机油耗量测量信号去噪处理

提出基于小波经验模态分解的柴油机油耗量信号去噪处理算法.将柴油机油耗量测量信号进行经验模态分解(EMD)后,经阈值处理和尺度滤波,去掉主要干扰因素所对应的本征模函数(IMF)分量,然后对剩余IMF分量进行重构,得到去噪后柴油机油耗量测量信号的时间序列.测试结果表明:重构后的信号能反映柴油机油耗量信号的真实趋势,其相对误差约为0.72％.     

基于MEEMD和二代小波阈值的表面肌电信号去噪处理

表面肌电(surface electromyogram, sEMG)信号能够反映神经肌肉的相关活动信息,被广泛应用于假肢控制、临床医学等领域,而获取干净的sEMG信号是精确地解释和应用信号的先决条件。为了消除混杂在sEMG信号中的噪声,文章提出了一种基于改进的经验模态分解(modified ensemble empirical mode decomposition, MEEMD)与二代小波改进阈值函数相结合的sEMG信号去噪方法。对含噪的sEMG信号进行MEEMD分解,再对高频的本证模态分量(intrinsic mode function, IMF)进行二代小波改进阈值函数去噪,将处理后的高频IMF分量和低频IMF分量以及残余信号进行重构,重构后的信号即为去噪sEMG信号。仿真结果表明,基于MEEMD与二代小波改进阈值函数方法的去噪性能指标高于其他方法;实验结果表明,该方法结合了MEEMD和二代小波的优点,能够很好地消除噪声,且能最大限度地保留信号中的有用信息。     

基于经验模态分解的核磁共振去噪方法研究

核磁共振（NMR）在孔隙结构评估和流体识别方面具有独特的优势，但NMR信号很容易受到噪声影响。根据NMR噪声的时域和频域特征，提出了基于一种经验模态分解（EMD）的NMR去噪方法。首先，利用EMD将信号由高频到低频分解为一系列的本征模态函数，以此分解噪声和噪声NMR信号，然后，使用曲线趋势法和改进的过零点率曲线确定信号噪声分离准则，将有用信号叠加到剩余项以获得去噪信号。通过岩芯数据和测井数据对比发现，基于EMD的去噪方法可以提高信噪比的同时保留孔隙结构信息，其去噪效果优于小波阈值和EMD小波阈值法，计算得到的孔隙度接近实际孔隙度。     

基于EMD的基音检测预处理技术

针对基音检测的性能严重受背景噪声影响的问题,论文基于经验模态分解(EMD)理论,研究了含噪语音信号的EMD分解特性,参照小波阈值去噪方法,提出了一种基于EMD的自适应语音去噪算法,并且针对软、硬阈值函数的不足提出了一种新的阈值函数.MATLAB仿真结果表明,该方法可以有效地去除噪声,较好地恢复语音信号,与小波阈值去噪方法相比,信噪比、均方根误差等性能指标均有明显提高.     

改进EMD在轴承故障诊断中的应用

为解决传统镜像延拓经验模态分解(mirror Empirical Mode Decomposition,简称mirror-EMD)在对信号分解过程中易受随机噪声干扰,易产生虚假固有模态分量(Intrinsic Mode Function,简称IMF)的缺点,论文提出了一种将自适应小波阈值去噪,镜像延拓EMD分解,相关系数法剔除虚假IMF三者相结合的改进EMD方法 (简称wt-mirror-EMD).该方法首先对原始故障信号去噪,然后对去噪后信号镜像延拓EMD分解,得到若干个IMF分量,最后对各IMF分量计算相关系数,对相关系数大的主IMF作频谱分析。仿真信号和实际轴承信号分析均表明,wt-mirror-EMD,该方法相对于传统改进mirror-EMD方法,尤其是当有噪声干扰时,检测结果更加准确。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.