鲫鱼（Carassius auratus）肌原纤维蛋白生化特性在冻藏过程中的变化

以肌动球蛋白的盐溶性、肌原纤维蛋白ATPase活性以及肌原纤维蛋白的疏基含量为指标，研究了鲫鱼（Carassius auratus)肌原纤维蛋白在－10℃，－20℃，－30℃和－40℃下冻藏时的变性情况。结果表明，在不同温度下冻藏时，鲫鱼肌动球蛋白的盐溶性、肌原纤维蛋白的ATPase活性以及巯基含量随着冻藏时间的延长，均呈下降趋势。且鲫鱼蛋白质的变性速度在不同冻藏温度下的差异是极其显著的（P＜0．01），冻藏温度越低，变性越缓慢。     

对虾冷藏过程中肌肉蛋白特性的变化比较

从生物化学、物理学两方面，比较养殖对虾和海捕对虾在冷冻贮藏过程中肌动球蛋白的特性变化，探讨不同贮藏温度和时间对蛋白特性的影响，及特性指标之间的相关性，冷藏后ＡＭ溶解度下降、ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性下降，总ＳＨ和未遮盖ＳＨ数均减少，疏水性增大，而ＡＴＰ感度呈下降趋势。所有指标变化表明随着冻藏时间的延长，蛋白质变性加剧，变性程度为－１０℃〉－１８℃〉－３０℃，各项指标均显示养殖对虾蛋白质的耐冻性比海捕对虾弱。     

高低温交变对PVC膜材料拉伸及蠕变性能的影响

为探究使用环境中的温度变化对聚氯乙烯(polyvinylchloride, PVC)膜材料拉伸蠕变性能的影响，选取两种不同织物密度的PVC双轴向经编膜材料，在-40～40℃的交变温度环境中，分别进行200、300和400次循环处理，测试处理前后材料的拉伸与蠕变性能。结果表明：相同高低温交变处理次数下，密度低的PVC膜材料更易受到交变温度场的影响；材料的拉伸蠕变性能随交变处理次数的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势；200次交变温度处理对材料性能的影响较小，400次交变温度处理后材料的拉伸与蠕变性能明显下降；交变温度处理后PVC膜材料的拉伸蠕变性能的各向异性表现得更加明显。     

中国对虾肌动球蛋白变性后ATPase活性的研究

在中国对虾肌动球蛋白经冷冻变性和热变性后，对Ｃａ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ、Ｍｇ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性及蛋白质溶解度进行了研究。冷冻变性之后，肌动球蛋白Ｃａ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性呈逐渐下降趋势，一般贮藏温度越低，活性降低超快。     

α-淀粉酶及α-糜蛋白酶的脲变动力学研究

用疏水色谱（HIC）对8.0mol/L脲变性的α－淀粉酶（α-Amy)和α－糜蛋白酶（α－Chy)的变性动力学进行了研究。结果表明：α－Amy的变性为平缓的渐变过程，其变体数目较多，且绝大多数变体的疏水性都小于天然蛋白；α－Chy是骤变（可能是瞬间变性）过程，相对而言α－Chy的变体数目较少，且疏水性均大于天然蛋白。认为两种蛋白不同的脲变动力学行为，可能是因蛋白中α－螺旋含量以及蛋白质自身稳定性不同所致。     

小麦种子的真空冷冻干燥处理

为了探索真空冷冻干燥技术用于小麦种子干燥处理的可能性，采用真空冷冻干燥、真空干燥和热风干燥3种方式对小麦种子进行干燥处理，在不同环境温度和压力下，研究种子中温度－时间分布曲线，并通过分析复水率、出芽率和幼苗生长情况进一步研究了这3种干燥方法对小麦种子生物活性的影响，研究结果表明，采用热风干燥时必须对干燥温度和干燥时间严格控制，否刚容易造成种子的死亡；真空干燥的方法易削弱小麦种子的生物活性，不宜用于种子的干燥处理；而经过真空冷冻干燥的种子的生物活性没有受到影响，真空冷冻干燥条件下小麦种子的平均存活率高于其它两种方式，可以应用于小麦种子的干燥。小麦在真空冷冻干燥下，水分冰晶升华温度与干燥室压力密切相关，在干燥室绝对压力为200－400Pa时，小麦中冰晶升华温度为18－20℃。     

温度和光照对心里美萝卜生殖生长期α-淀粉酶表达的影响

为了研究温度和光照在生殖生长期,对心里美萝卜α-淀粉酶活性和同工酶谱带的影响,对萝卜进行了不同种植时间以及不同过冬方式的处理,并在生殖生长期的不同时间对萝卜肉质根和叶片中的α-淀粉酶活性进行了测定,同时采用非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法对不同时期各个器官中的α-淀粉酶同工酶谱进行了分析.研究结果表明,低温和光照增加α-淀粉酶活性,α-淀粉酶同工酶谱带存在器官表达差异和时间表达差异,并与光照和温度有关.由此结论萝卜生殖生长期α-淀粉酶的表达受温度和光照影响.     

猪血浆α＿1－蛋白酶抑制剂的部分性质研究

猪血浆α＿１－蛋白酶抑制剂的部分性质研究郑远旗，周昂，李建吾（生物系）在文［１］的基础上，我们对猪血浆α＿１－ＰＩ部分理化性质进行了研究。１材料和方法１．１材料与试剂猪血浆为成都肉联厂屠宰猪血经抗凝后离心所得；Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ，Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ...     

短切玻纤增强聚丙烯表面的化学处理及其表征

短切玻纤地强聚丙烯保持了丙烯的优点，性能已达工程塑料的水平。化学性质极为稳定，因住地进行二次加工－涂装。针对上述问题，该文采用化学氧化法对短切玻纤增强ＰＰ进行处理，邓用Ｈ２ＳＯ４－ＣｒＯ３酸液，以不同的含量在不同的温度、时间条件下进行实验，寻找出处理的最佳配方。用表接解角θ及测定的粘结力表征处理效果，并采用先进的测试手段－电镜、二次离子质谱、电子能谱ＥＳＣＡ进行表面分析。     

酯化交联淀粉反应及其性质的研究——淀粉颗粒糊化温度的变化

研究变性淀粉颗粒的糊化温度随反应pH值、时间和三氯氧磷用量的变化规律，以及其DSC的糊化特性，结果发现酯化交联淀粉的糊化完成温度比原淀粉高，随反应pH值、时间和三氯氧磷用量的增加而升高，当反应pH值为8.0和9.0时，变性淀粉的糊化开始温度比原淀粉低，随反间时间、三氯氧磷用量的增加而降低；当反应pH值为10.0和11.0时，变性淀粉的糊化开始温度的变化则随反应时间、三氯氧磷用量的增加而升高，其值从比原淀粉低上升到比原淀粉高，这些变化规律同酯化交联淀粉的反应历程密切相关。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.