基于奇异值分解与小波变换的盲数字水印算法

提出了一种基于奇异值分解(SVD)和离散小波变换(DWT)的数字图像盲水印算法。对载体图像的二级DWT后的低频子带LL2进行2×2分块,对每一小块进行SVD分解,根据二值水印信息,采用量化步长S量化每小块的最大奇异值,将水印信息嵌入到载体图像。实验结果表明,该算法可以有效地抵抗剪切攻击、噪声攻击、滤波攻击、缩放攻击、JPEG压缩攻击等。     

基于DWT-SVD压缩量化的数字图像盲水印算法

为了解决奇异值分解（singular value decomposition, SVD）算法提取水印时需要原始载体图像的缺陷,以及量化索引调制（quantization index modulation,QIM）均匀量化不适用于非均匀信号的问题,通过引入μ律压缩技术,提出一种新的基于DWT-SVD压缩量化的数字图像盲水印算法。该算法对载体图像进行分块,对每一分块实施离散小波变换（discrete wavelet transform,DWT）,以及对变换后的近似部分系数进行SVD分解,使用μ律压缩函数压缩分解后的最大奇异值,用QIM的方法嵌入二值水印。算法只用到了最大奇异值,可以盲提取水印,消除因传输原始载体图像产生的不安全性,μ律压缩技术也减小了嵌入水印对原始载体图像的扰乱。仿真实验结果表明,该算法保持了较高的透明性,并对高斯噪声、中值滤波、联合图像专家小组（joint photographic experts group,JPEG）压缩、缩放等常见攻击具有更强的鲁棒性。     

基于四元数小波变换和奇异值分解的图像水印

文章提出了基于四元数小波变换(QWT)和奇异值分解(SVD)的数字图像水印算法,该算法对原始载体图像进行四元数小波变换和奇异值分解,对水印图像进行Arnold变换和奇异值分解,并把分解的水印嵌入到分解后的原始载体图像中.结果表明,该算法对高斯噪声、剪切、JPEG压缩及滤波具有较强的鲁棒性.     

一种基于NSCT与抖动量化的盲水印算法

在混沌置乱变换及抖动量化原理基础上,提出了一种基于NSCT的盲水印算法.首先将图像进行NSCT变换及分块SVD分解,再对原始水印信息进行混沌置乱变换以消除线性相关性,最后,利用抖动量化原理对分块SVD分解产生的各块奇异值进行修改实现水印嵌入.实验表明,该算法透明性好,拥有较强的鲁棒性,且在水印提取时实现了盲提取,是一种盲水印算法.     

基于DWT-SVD的视频水印

提出了结合离散小波变换（DWT）和奇异值分解（SVD）的数字视频水印算法。选取规范化质心（NCG）大于阈值的视频进行分帧,利用每帧视频的DWT分解后的中频分量系数进行SVD,修改奇异值,完成二值图像水印的嵌入,提取时利用部分原始视频的边信息,实现了水印的半盲提取。仿真结果表明,该算法具有良好的不可见性,并且保证了对常见的滤波,压缩,剪切等攻击的鲁棒性。     

四进制小波变换与SVD相结合的水印算法

利用四进制小波变换的多频段特性和奇异值分解的稳定性以及临近像素的相似性,提出了四进制小波与奇异值分解SVD相结合的水印算法,实现了水印数据的嵌入.首先,宿主图像进行四进制小波变换;其次,对低频区域进行分块,计算各个分块的均值,并将这些均值存储在一个矩阵中,对此矩阵进行奇异值分解;最后,在分解所得矩阵中嵌入水印数据.该方法的水印提取不需要原始载体图像和原始水印图像.实验验证了该算法的不可见性,并对常见的攻击具有很强的鲁棒性.     

一种基于改进的奇异值分解的数字水印算法

提出了一种基于改进的奇异值分解的数字水印算法,首先对载体图像进行一级离散小波变换,然后采用分块技术,对每个分块的最大奇异值进行SVD操作,按一定嵌入规则将水印信息分别嵌入到最大奇异值,最后对各分块组合后进行重构即可得到含水印的图像,仿真结果表明,该算法缩短了水印嵌入和提取的时间,而且算法的鲁棒性得到明显加强。     

基于DWT-SVD的数字水印嵌入方法

目前基于SVD的水印算法是直接对宿主图像或水印图像进行奇异值变换(SVD),然后将水印嵌入宿主图像的的奇异值中。本文提出了一种新的基于SVD-DWT的水印算法,先对宿主图像和水印图像进行小波变换(DWT),然后将水印嵌入各频带的奇异值中,并且水印嵌入系数随频带不同而不同。在JPEG压缩、图像旋转及剪切等攻击方式下,对该水印算法进行了鲁棒性分析,数值实验表明该水印算法具有良好的抗攻击性和安全性.     

蒲丰掷针实验的计算机模拟

目前基于SVD的水印算法是直接对宿主图像或水印图像进行奇异值变换(SVD),然后将水印嵌入宿主图像的的奇异值中。提出了一种新的基于SVD-DWT的水印算法,先对宿主图像和水印图像进行小波变换(DWT),然后将水印嵌入各频带的奇异值中,并且水印嵌入系数随频带不同而不同。在JPEG压缩、图像旋转及剪切等攻击方式下,对该水印算法进行了鲁棒性分析,数值实验表明该水印算法具有良好的抗攻击性和安全性.     

一类基于SVD的数字水印虚警分析与改进算法

讨论一类基于奇异值分解(SVD)的水印算法的高虚警率问题及其产生原因。分析认为SVD水印算法虚警率高的根本原因是:图像SVD分解的基空间与图像内容相关;奇异值向量与图像之间并不存在一一对应关系,不能刻画图像的几何结构。算法主要缺陷并不是出现在提取算法,而是嵌入算法仅仅植入了水印图像的奇异值向量,没有水印图像在基空间的结构信息。因此,该文提出了一个基于分块SVD和离散余弦变换(DCT)分解的改进算法。该算法通过在版权图像的奇异值向量中嵌入水印图像的DCT系数,克服了经典SVD水印算法的虚警问题,因而稳健性高。实验验证了理论分析和算法的有效性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.