染料中间体2—间氨基苯磺酰胺—6,8—萘二磺酸的合成

详细报道了以氨基Ｇ酸（２－氨基－６,８－萘二磺酸）和间氨基苯磺酸为原为 成新型染料中间体２－间氨基酸磺酰胺－６,８－萘二磺酸的方法,对反应条件进行研究,产物经元素分析,红外,核磁,质谱测定,与结构相符。     

7,8—二甲基—3,6—二苯基—5—氧—8—氮螺[2.6]壬—4,9— …

利用手性源（２Ｒ,３Ｓ）－３,４－二甲基－２－苯基－１,４－氧氮杂Ｚｈｕｏ－５,７－二酮（１）合成了具有光学活性的７,８－二甲基－３,６－二苯基－５－氧－８－氮螺〔２．６〕壬－４,９－二酮（３）。测定了化合物（３）的晶体结构,并讨论了在五洄成反应中的不对称诱导作用的机理。     

选择性保护的萘烷酮的合成

报道了从1,3环己二酮出发,通过硅胶辅助与丁烯酮进行Michael共轭加成生成2(3氧)丁基1,3环己二酮,该化合物在苯中于回流温度下与苄胺缩合并环化生成了6苄氨基3,4,7,8六氢萘1(2H)酮,再用5%的盐酸水溶液于室温下水解,水解产物与乙二醇在对甲苯磺酸催化下反应得到萜类化合物合成的中间体选择性保护的萘烷酮,总收率约18%.     

N—甲基—9—氮杂螺[5.5]十一烷—3—酮的合成

报导了亲杂螺化合物９－氮杂螺［５．５］十一烷－３－酮的合成。即以Ｎ－甲基－４－哌啶酮为原料，与对甲苯磺酰甲胩反应，转化为Ｎ－甲基－４－哌啶基甲腈２，２经水解、酯化、还原及氧化生成了Ｎ－甲基－４－哌啶基甲醛６，６与甲基乙烯酮在碱的催化作用下经迈克尔加成反应得到了Ｎ－甲基－９－氮杂螺［５．５］十一烯－３－酮７，最后加氢生成了目标物。     

1，13—二苯基—4，7，10—三氧杂—1，13—二砷杂环十八烷的合成

以苯胂酸为原料通过两步反应合成了中间体1，5－双（苯胂基）戊烷，用该中间体与四甘醇二氨醚进行环缩合反应合成了砷杂冠醚1，13－二苯基－4，7，10－三氧杂－1，13－二砷杂环十八烷。目标物的组成和结构通过IR，^1HMNR,MS等进行了表征。     

2,3—二羟基哌嗪与几种氨基化合物的综合反应研究

由于二胺与乙二醛的综合物２,３－二羟基哌嗪,分别与甲酰胺、脲和乙二胺反应,制得２,４,７,９,１１,１４－六氮杂三环［８,４,０,０＾３．８］十四烷六盐酸盐四水合物（１）,２,５,７,９－四氮杂双环［４,３,０］壬－８－酮二盐酸盐－水合物（２）和２,５,７,１０－四氮杂双环［４,４,０］癸烷（３）。化合物１为未见文献报道的新化合物。化合物２的合成工艺条件优化后,反应得率与文献［１］相比有一定提高。     

N—取代氮方酸的合成和N,N—二乙基氮方酸的晶体结构

氮氧方酸酯的胺解是制备Ｎ－取代氮方酸（３－氨基－４－取代胺基－３－环丁烯二酮）的一般方法，氮氧方酸正丁酯（３－氨基－４－丁氧基－３－环丁烯二酮）的丁氧基可被伯胺，仲胺，氨，肼，羟氨等亲核取代，制得了２０个Ｎ－取代氮方酸，Ｎ－取代氨基的多样性和氨基的反应活性，以及二者的配合，给后续的合成工作赋予较大的灵活性，测定了４－二乙基氮方酸（３－氨基－４－二乙胺基－３－环丁烯二酮）的晶体结构，单斜晶系，空间群     

2,5,7,9—四硝基—2,5,7,9—四氮杂双环〔4,3,0〕壬—8—酮的合…

以２，５，７，９－四氮杂双环〔４，３，０〕壬－８－酮盐酸盐为母体化合物，合成了一种多硝基氮杂环化合物２，５，７，９－四硝基－２，５，７，９－四氮杂双环〔４，３，０〕壬－８－酮，用核磁共振、质谱和元素分析进行了结构鉴定。研究了母体化合物在硝酸－乙酸酐体系中的砂化反应和炸药的性能。     

Synthesis and characterization of novel poly (phthalazinone ether ketone)s containing alkyl pendants

目的合成既具有好的溶解性又具有优异的热稳定性的聚(二氮杂萘酮醚酮)。方法通过分子设计,将烷基取代基引入到聚(二氮杂萘酮醚酮)的分子链中。结果通过芳基亲核取代缩聚反应合成一系列带有烷基取代基的新型聚(二氮杂萘酮醚酮)。这种聚(二氮杂萘酮醚酮)室温下可全溶于NMP,DMAc,DMF,Py,CHCl3等极性溶剂中。在氮气中,10%失重高于454℃,玻璃化转变温度范围为208～236℃。结论该方法适宜于将来高性能工程塑料的合成。     

螺1.3—恶嗪的合成及环链互变异构现象

螺恶唑衍生物，３，８－二取代－１－氧杂－２，８－二氮杂螺「４，５」－２－癸烯，经另氢开环成γ－氨基醇４，４与丙酮及苯甲醛等化合物综合，生成了由环式化合物螺１，３－恶嗪及链式化合物西佛碱组成的互变异构体。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-