复杂道路环境中前方车辆检测方法

为提高前方车辆检测在不同道路环境中的鲁棒性和实时性,提出一种基于支持向量机的多传感器融合前方车辆检测方法。系统工作前利用多传感器数据融合建立雷达坐标与图像坐标的转化关系,以毫米波雷达在各种复杂道路环境中前方障碍物的检测数据为基础,利用支持向量机(SVM)训练分类器构建车辆与非车辆识别系统,最终根据车辆宽高比的统计规律,建立前方车辆识别窗口。道路试验结果表明该方法前方车辆识别准确率为89.2%,单帧图像的处理速度为31 ms。对于不同道路环境中的前方车辆检测表现出了良好的稳定性和准确性,总体性能取得较为显著的提高。     

基于多传感器融合的前方车辆识别方法研究

为提高汽车安全辅助驾驶系统对前方车辆识别的准确性和实时性,提出了一种基于摄像头和毫米波雷达信息融合的前方车辆检测方法。首先将毫米波雷达和摄像头进行联合标定,并确定两个传感器坐标系之间的相互转化关系,对毫米波雷达数据进行预处理快速分割图像,以获得前方车辆识别的感兴趣区域;然后采用自适应阈值对感兴趣区域内的图像进行二值化处理以获得车辆底部阴影信息,利用边缘检测和霍夫变换得到车辆上下边界的位置信息;通过底部阴影和上下边界信息获得车辆识别的高度与宽度,最后根据车辆对称性特征建立识别窗口。试验验证表明,该方法前方车辆检测准确率为90.2%,单帧图像的处理速度为32 ms,能够满足智能汽车应用中的实时性和准确性的要求。     

基于激光雷达和摄像机融合的智能车障碍物识别方法

针对智能车环境感知中单一传感器所存在的局限性问题,提出一种通过激光雷达融合摄像机来感应识别智能车前方障碍物的方法。首先,通过激光雷达与摄像机之间的校准,实现目标的三维数据的图像投影,并进行视觉图像与目标的三维雷达数据的融合,以提取障碍物候选区域。其次,提出了一种基于卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)和支持向量机(support vector machines,SVM)的障碍物识别模型,用于训练KITTI数据库中的数据,检测视觉图像中的行人和车辆目标,以此来得到所需要的单帧下各传感器的目标检测数据。实验结果表明,所提出的模型在KITTI中选择的小数据集上获得的模型在实际测试中具有良好的性能,具有可靠的识别能力和良好的分类结果。     

基于多模态特征融合的无人驾驶系统车辆检测

针对无人驾驶系统环境感知中的车辆检测精度低的问题,本文提出一种基于多模态特征融合的三维车辆检测算法.该算法通过毫米波雷达与摄像机联合标定,匹配2个传感器间的坐标关系并减小采样误差;采用统计滤波剔除毫米波雷达数据冗余点,减少离群点干扰;构造多模态特征融合模块,利用逐像素平均融合点云与图像信息;加入特征金字塔提取融合后的高...     

基于多传感器信息融合的机器人故障诊断

提出一种新型的多传感器信息融合方法,并将此方法与支持向量机相结合,针对生产装配线上机械手在向抓握物体位置行进时遇到的机械手受阻、前方碰撞、除前方外其他方向碰撞3种故障形式进行诊断;通过适当融合向量的选取、支持向量机模型参数的寻优,成功地对3种故障进行了诊断;同时,对多传感器信息融合方法中的融合向量属性数量的选择进行了分析.结果表明,在传感器测量数据一定的条件下,融合数据属性数量的选取对融合向量样本的数量、分类的准确率均有影响.     

基于多传感器融合的路面车辆检测

为了高效地检测路面车辆目标,提出了一种基于毫米波雷达及视觉传感器融合的车辆检测方法.采用了底层的数据融合策略.在雷达数据通道,利用霍夫变换及切比雪夫定理排除非路面车辆目标点,生成稀疏概率图.在图像数据通道,结合稀疏概率图与图像底层特征,建立视觉显著模型并生成车辆显著图像.在显著图上利用过分割方法快速定位路面车辆的位置.本方法在结构化道路下进行了大量实验,结果表明:本方法有效的克服了基于视觉传感器的车辆检测方法对光照敏感的缺陷,相比于基于单一传感器的车辆检测方法,本文方法具有更高的精确度和鲁棒性.     

基于激光雷达和摄像机融合的智能车障碍物识别方法研究

针对智能车环境感知中单一传感器所存在的局限性问题,本文提出一种通过激光雷达融合摄像机来感应识别智能车前方障碍物的方法。首先,通过激光雷达与摄像机之间的校准,来实现目标的三维数据的图像投影,并进行视觉图像与目标的三维雷达数据的融合,以提取障碍物候选区域。其次,提出了一种基于卷积神经网络和SVM的障碍物识别模型,用于训练KITTI数据库中的数据,检测视觉图像中的行人和车辆目标,以此来得到所需要的单帧下各传感器的目标检测数据。实验结果表明,所提出的模型在KITTI中选择的小数据集上获得的模型在实际测试中具有良好的性能,具有可靠的识别能力和良好的分类结果。     

视觉和毫米波雷达信息融合行人识别算法

提出了一种在主动防碰撞系统中采用视觉和毫米波雷达数据融合来识别行人的算法.在基于单目视觉获取的图像中提取HOG特征,采用支持向量机的分类方法检测行人,获取行人信息,通过快速容差中频匹配算法快速地检测目标,并获取目标信息,将基于视觉的行人信息传递给毫米波雷达;根据视觉检测的行人信息与毫米波雷达检测的目标信息进行比对,将匹配通过的目标识别为行人;将基于视觉的行人特征信息与毫米波雷达检测的行人特征信息进行融合,得到行人目标的新特征信息.通过采集道路环境的视频和雷达数据对行人正确识别率进行验证.验证结果表明,采用所提出的算法进行行人识别,在获取更加精确的行人特征信息的前提下,正确识别率较高.     

基于改进DBSCAN算法的激光雷达车辆探测方法

结合车辆行驶的实际环境,提出了一种基于改进DBSCAN快速聚类算法的激光雷达车辆探测方法.建立激光雷达与摄像机传感器坐标与车辆坐标之间的转换模型,进行数据融合,通过改进DBSCAN算法对雷达数据进行去噪声和聚类处理,根据车辆在激光雷达探测中的形状特征模型进行形状匹配,实时完成车辆探测,并将探测结果投影至图像上.实车实验结果证明,改进的DBSCAN算法在车辆探测应用中具有良好的准确性和实时性.     

多特征和支持向量机相结合的语音端点检测模型

为提高语音端点检测正确率,提出一种基于多特征和支持向量机相结合的语音端点检测模型。首先提取多种语音特征,并将它们组合在一起,然后将组合特征输入到支持向量机训练建立相应的语音识别模型,最后采用建立模型对语音信号进行检测和识别。仿真结果表明,与其他检测模型相比,多特征融合和支持向量机的检测模型提高了语音端点检测正确率,具有更好的适应性和鲁棒性,对不同信噪比的信号都有较好的检测能力。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to