甲基纤维素膜固载血红蛋白的直接电化学

用甲基纤维素(MC)将血红蛋白(Hb)固载于热裂解石墨电极表面,制备了Hb-MC膜修饰电极．包埋在MC中的Hb与电极直接传递电子,在pH7．0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中得到1对可逆的血红蛋白辅基血红素Fe(Ⅲ)／Fe(Ⅱ)电对氧化还原峰,式电势为-0．312V(vs SCE),其式电势随溶液pH值增加而负移且成线性关系,直线斜率为-41．0mV／pH,说明Hb的电子传递过程伴随有质子的转移．研究了Hb-MC膜修饰电极对O2,H2O2和NO的电催化性质。     

甲基纤维素膜固载肌红蛋白的电化学和电催化

用甲基纤维素(MC)将肌红蛋白(Mb)固载于热裂解石墨电极表面，制备了Mb-MC膜修饰电极．修饰膜中的Mb与电极直接传递电子，在磷酸盐缓冲溶液(PBS)中循环伏安扫描可得到一对可逆的Mb辅基血红素Fe(Ⅲ)／Fe(Ⅱ)电对氧化还原峰，式电势为-0．298V(vs SCE)．式电势随PBS的pH值增加而负移且成线性关系，说明Mb的电子传递过程伴随有质子的转移，最后探讨了该修饰电极对O2，H2O2和NO的电催化性质。     

肌红蛋白在水/有机混合溶液中的电化学和电催化特性

用海藻酸钠（Sodium Alginate，SA）将肌红蛋白（Mb）固定在热裂解石墨电极表面，制备了Mb．SA膜修饰电极．包埋在SA膜中的Mb在磷酸盐缓冲溶液（PBS）和乙醇混合溶液中与电极直接传递电子，得到一对对称的Mb辅基血红素Fe（Ⅲ）／Fe（Ⅱ）电对的氧化还原峰，式电势为-0．339V（vs SCE）．式电势随PBSpH值增加而负移且成线性关系，直线斜率为-47．0mV／pH，说明肌红蛋白的电子传递过程伴随有质子的转移．并研究了Mb-SA膜修饰电极在PBS和乙醇混合溶液中催化还原H2O2和催化六氯乙烷脱氯，该修饰电极可用于H2O2和六氯乙烷的定量检测．     

四酰氨基大环铁配合物在水/有机混合溶液中的电化学性质

用海藻酸钠(Sodium Alginate, SA)将四酰胺基大环铁配合物(FeⅢ-TAML)固定在热解石墨电极表面,制成 FeⅢ-TAML/SA 膜修饰电极.交流阻抗结果显示FeⅢ-TAML可以很好的固定在SA膜中.包埋在SA膜中的FeⅢ-TAML在磷酸盐缓冲溶液(PBS)和乙醇混合溶液中与电极直接传递电子,得到一对基于Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)电对的氧化还原峰,其峰为-0.085 V 和 0.001 V(V vs SCE). 研究了扫速及电解质pH值对FeⅢ-TAML的影响,其电化学反应是受表面控制的电极过程,其电势随着PBSpH值的增加而负移且成线性关系,直线斜率为-49.86 mV·pH–1,说明 FeⅢ-TAML的电子传递过程中伴有质子转移.     

血红蛋白在DHP/PAM-CdS膜修饰金电极上的直接电化学及其与利巴韦林相互作用的研究

采用直接滴涂的方法将血红蛋白固定到双十六烷基磷酸酯(DHP)/聚丙烯酰胺包裹的硫化镉纳米粒子(PAM-CdS)膜修饰金电极的表面,通过循环伏安法研究了血红蛋白在修饰金电极上的直接电化学行为.在0.1MpH=6.0的磷酸缓冲溶液中,该修饰电极有一对氧化还原峰,其式电位为0.0405V(以饱和甘汞电极为参比电极),并且峰电位随着溶液pH值的增加而负移,其斜率为-40.1mV.pH-1,表明此反应过程是一电子一质子过程.利用此修饰电极,我们研究了血红蛋白与抗病毒药物利巴韦林间的相互作用.     

芦丁修饰玻碳电极对烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸的电催化氧化

研究了芦丁修饰电极的制备、电化学性质及其对NADH的电催化作用.修饰电极在0.1mol/L磷酸缓冲溶液中(pH 7.0)于0.0- 0.50 V电位范围内呈现一对氧化还原峰,其式量电位(E0′)为 0.305V.在pH 5.0-8.0范围内,其式量电位随pH值变化的斜率为-56.95 mV/pH.电极反应为2电子伴随着2个质子参与的过程,表观电极反应速率常数(ks)为18 s-1.该修饰电极对NADH具有很好的催化氧化作用.NADH浓度在0.1-5.0 m mol/L范围内其浓度与峰电流呈现良好的线性关系.     

银纳米粒子膜上血红蛋白的直接电化学

介绍了一种简单、新颖的途径,气-液界面组装银纳米粒子成为二维纳米粒子膜.这种纳米粒子膜能有效地固定血红蛋白(Hb)到玻碳电极上.银纳米粒子膜作为电子传递的桥梁,在没有任何媒质的帮助下,能极大促进Hb和修饰的玻碳电极之间的电子传递.在pH值为7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,Hb显示一对清晰的氧化还原峰,式量电位(E0’)大约为-0.525 V(相对Ag/AgCl,KCl饱和溶液).紫外-可见光谱研究表明,固定后的Hb的生物活性保持不变.固定在银纳米粒子膜修饰的玻碳电极上的Hb可以用作生物传感器检测H2O2.当H2O2浓度从5.0μm升高到1.74 mM时,稳定的电流响应随之线性增加.H2O2的检测限(3σ)是4.3×10-7M.     

甘氨酸修饰玻碳电极的离子通道行为

用电化学氧化技术将甘氨酸修饰在玻碳电极表面形成稳定的单分子膜.改变含离子探针Fe(CN)63-的电解质溶液的pH,或向溶液中加入不同浓度的Ca2 ,通过膜电极上Fe(CN)63-的电子传递,对膜的离子通道行为进行了研究.实验表明,在pH较低或有Ca2 存在的条件下,离子通道开启;pH较高或无Ca2 存在的条件下,离子通道关闭.推测了膜电极离子通道的形成机理.     

血红蛋白在戊二醛膜修饰金电极上的直接电化学行为及其与氨茶碱的相互作用

用直接滴涂法将血红蛋白（Hb）固定到戊二醛（GA）膜修饰的金电极表面,通过循环伏安法研究了Hb在GA膜修饰金电极上的直接电化学行为.在0.1 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲溶液（PBS,pH 6.00）中,扫描速度为100mV/s时,该修饰电极的峰电位差ΔE=44 mV,氧化还原峰电流之比Ip,a/Ip,c=1.17,说明Hb在GA膜修饰电极上的氧化还原过程是可逆过程;随着缓冲溶液pH值的增大,其峰电位不变,而峰电流呈增大（pH=4.00～6.00）或减小（pH=6.00～8.00）的趋势.通过GA膜对Hb的吸附固定,不仅保持了Hb的生物活性,而且实现了Hb与电极之间的直接电子转移.利用此修饰电极,研究了Hb与药物氨茶碱之间的相互作用,求得Hb和氨茶碱的结合数为2.     

丹宁酸掺杂聚苯胺膜修饰铂电极的电化学特性及应用

在酸性条件(HClO4溶液)下,比较了聚苯胺膜(PAn)和丹宁酸掺杂聚苯胺膜(PAn/TA)的聚合过程和聚合膜的电化学性质,以及不同厚度的丹宁酸掺杂聚苯胺膜修饰铂电极在中性溶液(PBS)中抑制Fe(CN)63-氧化的能力.发现在浓度为5.0mmol·L-1丹宁酸、0.1mol·L-1苯胺,1.0mol·L-1高氯酸的条件下,聚合32圈得到的聚合膜修饰电极对Fe(CN)63-和抗坏血酸(AA)在PBS缓冲溶液中的氧化抑制作用最好,而Ru(NH3)63 和多巴胺(DA)的氧化电流却几乎没有受到影响.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.