基于ARCGIS的土方量计算方法探讨

土方量的计算是土地整理项目的重要内容之一,本文选取某整理项目区的部分田块为实例,利用ARCGIS的空间分析技术,建立数字高程模型（DEM）计算土方量,辅助该土地整理项目中的田块规划,并指导土方调配。     

内置RTK无人机航拍技术在土地整治项目 测绘与辅助规划设计中的应用

为了更好地实施土地整治项目,为土地整治项目规划、设计、施工等环节高效成图、高精度制图提供新思路,客观探讨无人机内置RTK(Real Time Kinematic, RTK)航拍技术在土地整治项目区测绘成图及辅助规划设计中的应用价值,以江西省某县土地整治项目片区为研究区,通过作业过程中机身RTK实时接收基站的差分GPS修正数据实现定位坐标优化,选取航片上20个点平面坐标及其高程,与RTK地面实测检查点的平面坐标和高程进行中误差分析完成精度验证.研究结果发现:内置RTK无人机航拍的正射影像分辨率为0.033 m,其平面坐标中误差为0.051 m,数字高程模型高程中误差为0.070 m,精度结果满足土地整治项目测量成图相关精度要求.此外,文章进一步探讨该技术及相关数字产品在土方量计算、辅助规划设计等领域的应用情况.研究表明:该技术在土地整治项目应用中精度优势明显、可视化效果好,尤其对土方计算、规划设计、核查验收等环节具有较高的应用价值.     

犍为县土地整理效益分析

文章以四川省犍为县为例,采用对比分析方法,从社会、经济、生态三方面对该地区实施土地整理项目后的土地整理效益进行定性及定量分析,研究土地整理给农民带来的效益.结果表明,土地整理项目实施后,项目区耕地面积得到增加,土地利用结构得到优化,生态环境得到改善,农民的生活水平和生存环境得到了提高,说明土地整理大大地提高了项目区的综合效益,社会、生态、经济效益得到了良好的发展.     

土地整理项目内业自动化系统的探讨与应用

土地开发整理的前期最重要的工作是测绘项目区的现状地形图(DWG格式),然后进行土地利用分类面积统计,标注项目区边界的经纬度,分类填充各种地类,根据湖北省土地整理项目申报系统的要求,还得生成固定格式的项目边界的界址点坐标,通过软件的二次开发,全面实现了上述过程的自动化,通过一个实例阐述了土地整理项目内业自动化系统进行内业处理的优越性和可靠性。     

基于无人机影像的低丘缓坡开发宜建性评价

以宜丰县为例,利用无人机影像,借助相关影像处理软件,构建低丘缓坡开发利用项目区正射影像现状图及数字高程模型,获取项目区土地利用现状、坡度、坡向等数据,同时收集其他低丘缓坡开发利用相关影响数据;在此基础上建立项目区宜建性评价模型,进行项目区宜建性评价,为低丘缓坡开发利用项目区选址提供参考。     

基于SRTM3的山区遥感影像地形校正研究

山区遥感影像的地形效应尤为明显,是利用遥感影像进行精确定量分析及应用的主要障碍。为提高地表参数遥感定量化精度,研究在SRTM3数字高程模型的支持下,利用Lambertian模型、归一化模型、C校正方法对山区TM影像进行地形校正实验。通过比较分析影像的校正效果及对地形变量与影像校正前后的辐射亮度值进行相关性分析,对利用开源SRTM3地形数据对山区遥感影像进行地形校正的可行性进行研究。实验表明除小部分区域由于SRTM数字高程模型本身的误差使得影像存在误校正外,利用SRTM3数字高程模型进行地形校正效果明显。     

一种基于地形特征的数字高程模型缩放方法

近年来,由于显示设备的多样化及其功能的不断增强,对数字高程模型提出了更高的要求。本文提出一种基于地形特征的三维可视化数字高程模型缩放方法。与传统的缩放方法不同,本文提出的方法不仅对数字高程模型进行缩放,而且还能保留数字高程模型的特征。该方法由VisualC++6.0实现,并在真实的数字高程模型上完成对比实验。通过比较可以看出本文提出的方法比传统的缩放方法更加有效,而且,为数字高程模型提供了更好的三维显示效果。     

土地整理项目规划设计变更的原因及对策

土地整理项目规划设计变更主要是由项目区外部条件发生变化、项目前期工作不到位、规划设计精度和深度不够、公众的参与性差、项目管理不够规范等原因引起的。文章结合对安徽省宣城市土地整理项目的实际调研,对土地整理项目规划设计变更产生的类型、原因及改进对策与建议进行了初步探讨。     

数字地形特征对土地利用空间分布的定量影响

 为了获取地形对土地利用空间分布的定量影响,以山西省为研究区,基于数字高程模型（DEM）数据生成4种地形因子（海拔高度、起伏度、坡度和坡向）表征数字地形特征,并通过遥感影像解译获得土地利用空间分布,利用地理探测器方法定量分析地形因子对土地利用空间分布的分异性、相关性及其交互作用的定量影响。研究结果表明：起伏度与坡度的空间分异性最显著（显著性水平p<0.01）;起伏度空间相关性最强（空间统计量q=0.012）,其次为坡度（q=0.010）;任意两种地形因子交互均具有非线性增强作用,其中海拔高度与起伏度的交互作用最强（q=0.034）。因此,起伏度是影响土地利用空间分布最重要的单个地形因子,它和海拔高度一起对土地利用空间分布发挥重要作用。     

重力场模型和DEM提高GPS高程转换精度

为了充分利用GPS观测数据中的高程信息,提高山区GPS大地高转换为正常高的精度,利用国内外最新的重力场模型和数字高程模型（DEM）数据,采用移去-拟合-恢复方法进行GPS高程转换,并与三等水准实测高程进行比较,结果表明：在地形起伏较大的山区,利用高精度的地球重力场模型,可将GPS高程转换的精度提高50%左右。地形改正也可以在一定程度上提高GPS高程转换的精度,地形对高程异常的影响与地形起伏程度和拟合点间高差有关。对于几何水准难以施测的山区利用GPS观测信息确定高精度海拔高程有重要意义。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.