非晶态Ni-Co-W-P合金电极的制备及其电催化活性研究

用化学镀方法制备了Ni—Co—W—P合金电极,并研究了其在1mol／L NaOH溶液中的析氢电催化活性,实验表明在相同的电流密度下,Ni—Co—W—P合金电极比Ni—Co—P、Ni—W—P合金电极具有更低析氢过电位,XRD实验显示其镀层为非晶态．并进一步研究了Ni—Co—W—P合金电极的电化学稳定性和表观活化能,结果表明：Ni—Co—W—P合金电极具有比Ni—Co—P、Ni—W—P合金电极更好的析氢电催化活性和电化学稳定性．     

(Ni-Mo)-WC电极在碱性介质中的电催化析氢性能

从电极析氢反应的动力学参数、真实交换电流密度、标准活化自由能及电化学稳定性等方面研究了（Ni-Mo）-WC电极在碱性介质中的电催化析氢性能。实验结果表明，复合电极的电催化析氢性能高于基质合金电极，这主要归因于此表面积的增加。     

化学镀Ni-P(Pr)/Co-P复合阴极的性能研究

化学镀Ni-P(Pr)/Co-P复合阴极具有很好的电催化性能，但在稳定性方面尚有欠缺，在内层引入稀土Pr后，由于稀土元素特殊的外层电子结构，促进了内层非晶化过程，提高了镀层的致密性和耐蚀性。化学镀Ni-P(Pr)/Co-P复合阴极，相对于Ni-P/Co-P复合阴极，长期电解的稳定电位降低了20mV，在抗反电流实验中平台电位也下降了20mV左右，增强了电极稳定性。     

多孔Ni-S合金的制备及其电催化析氢性能

采用化学脱合金化和水热合成的方法,制备多孔Ni以及多孔Ni-S合金电极.通过XRD、SEM表征电极的相结构和表面形貌.在1 mol/L的NaOH溶液中,运用线性扫描伏安曲线(LSV)、交流阻抗曲线(EIS)等测试电极的电催化析氢性能.结果表明:与多孔Ni相比,Ni-S合金具有更低的析氢过电位以及更高的电催化析氢活性.     

化学镀镍磷合金层的性能研究

在45钢表面获得了磷含量为10%的化学镀Ni—P合金层,研究了热处理对Ni-P合金层性能的影响.结果表明:化学镀Ni-P合金层经400℃热处理显微硬度高达1070HVO.1.经600℃热处理后硬度仍高达610HVO.1,且具有良好的耐蚀性和抗热疲劳性能.     

新型NjCo2O4电极析氧反应机理

在贱金属铁基上表面化学镀Ni-Co-P,然后通过化学复合镀制得Ni-Co-P-Al2O3中间层,复合镀层用5mol·L-1NaOH溶液浸出,可制得新型Ni-Co-P微孔活性中间层,在中间层上再涂覆匹配性较好的NiCo2O4表面活性层,该活性层是由一定Ni(NO3)2和Co(NO3)2的量配比通过高温热解而成．为考察该电极在碱性溶液的析氧反应机理,通过恒电位阶跃实验I～t曲线求出了不同时间下的电量Q,由Q对t1/2作图得Q-t1/2曲线．结果证明,Q-t1/2曲线为不通过坐标原点的直线,说明该析氧电极反应为典型的不可逆反应．通过对析氧电极反应假想模型进行动力学推算及实验,初步确定了电极反应的速度控制步骤．     

Ni-Cu合金的脱合金制备及其析氢电催化性能

通过真空熔炼与固溶处理相结合的方法获得Ni_(30)Mn_(70)和Ni_(20)Cu_(10)Mn_(70)前驱体合金,经电化学脱合金化法制备纳米多孔Ni及Ni-Cu合金,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析合金相组成和微观结构,运用线性扫描伏安法、交流阻抗、方波电位法及计时电位法研究电极的析氢电催化性能.结果表明:纳米多孔Ni-Cu合金电极具有较高的电催化析氢性能,在0.1 A/cm~2电流密度下,析氢过电位仅19 mV,具有较好的电化学稳定性.     

Ni-S合金析氢阴极的制备研究

以硫脲作为硫源,在改进的瓦特镀液体系中用电沉积方法获得N i-S合金镀层,系统地研究了硫脲浓度、电流密度、电沉积时间、镀液温度、pH值、有机添加剂等实验条件对N i-S合金电极析氢活性的影响.用重量分析法测定电沉积层中硫的含量,X-射线衍射技术表征镀层的晶形结构,稳态恒流极化法研究N i-S合金层的电催化活性.实验结果表明,电沉积得到的析氢活性较好的镍硫合金为非晶态结构和弱晶结构,硫含量为11.59%(重量比)时,N i-S合金电极具有优良的电催化性能,且在长期电解条件下电极仍有良好的析氢活性.     

Q235钢表面化学镀Ni-P合金的工艺和耐蚀性研究

在Q2 35钢表面进行了Ni-P合金的化学镀 ,以提高Q2 35钢的耐蚀性 .结果表明 ,化学镀Ni-P合金可以显著提高Q2 35钢在盐酸、硫酸和氢氧化钠溶液中的耐蚀性     

氯碱工业镍-硫电极的研究

应用电化学沉积的方法制备Ni-S和Ni-Co-S合金镀层.通过测量电极的稳态极化曲线,研究电极的电催化活性和析氢反应活化能,考察热处理和电解液中杂质离子等因素对沉积层析氢活性的影响.实验结果显示,Ni-S电极镀层中的硫质量分数为11.59%时,电极的析氢活性最高,镀层呈非晶态或弱晶态结构,电极的析氢反应活化能为22.344 kJ/mol.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.