基于模型预测内模的实时控制算法

对具有滞后性、外界扰动和被控对象参数不确定性、快速性要求高的一类单输入-单输出线性系统的非恒值实时控制的模型预测内模的控制算法进行了进一步的分析研究.从理论上分析了该控制算法的系统稳定性条件、稳态控制误差,研究了在逆变电源控制系统中,该控制算法对负载的鲁棒性和对扰动的抑制能力.算法仿真表明:该控制算法能够克服外界扰动和被控对象参数不确定性,系统具有较强的鲁棒性,稳态控制精度高,动态响应速度快.     

基于小波网络的非线性多变量约束预测控制

为了解决非线性多变量系统的建模、控制和优化问题 ,论文扩展基于小波神经网络的单变量系统辨识到多变量系统辨识 ,并用它实现非线性预测控制。对开环稳定过程 ,引入一个具有输入约束的基于小波神经网络模型的区域预测控制方案 ,它的闭环稳定性能够通过适当选择它的预测水平来保证。基于上述动态控制方案 ,提出了一个稳态状态优化方案。通过对一个聚酯生产过程的仿真研究 ,证实了上述方法的有效性。由于能够通过线性最小二乘 (L S)估计方法来辨识 ,该模型易于实现并可用作通用模型。仿真研究的结果表明了该模型的通用性、辨识和控制方法的简单性 ,所提出方案能够被用于过程工业的非线性系统的建模和控制     

多变量系统的变时滞无模型自适应单值预测控制

针对难以建模的变时滞多变量非线性系统的控制问题,基于改进具有辅助向量的多变量紧格式动态线性化泛模型,参考多变量单值预测控制算法,提出改进的目标函数,给出变时滞多变量无模型自适应单值预测控制算法,采用自适应递推算式的优化算法进行优化,给出了目标函数的加权网络参数的在线优化算法,解决了试凑法确定加权网络参数的问题.试凑法确定的加权网络参数不能保证控制算法最优,综上研究提出在线优化参数的变时滞多变量无模型自适应单值预测控制算法,仿真结果说明,单值预测控制算法具有无模型自适应控制性能及预测控制功能和参数寻优功能,故算法具有优良的控制性能.     

集中空调送风静压系统建模与广义预测控制

集中空调空气处理系统因其大时滞、非线性、强扰动、被控对象辨识困难等特点,使得常规PID控制算法的控制效果欠佳。文中在分析集中空调整体系统架构的基础上,基于送风静压控制模型的辨识,提出广义预测控制算法。针对送风静压子模块,采用系统辨识方法,对风机频率风管静压回路进行建模,基于该系统控制模型,设计广义预测控制算法,并用于定静压控制策略的实现。仿真验证和实测结果表明,所设计的算法相对于传统PID控制算法具有较强的跟踪及抗干扰能力。     

模型预测控制(MPC)系统仿真软件开发与实现

介绍了基于PC机平台的模型预测控制(MPC)系统仿真软件的开发与实现过程。该软件包含MAC、IMAC、DMC、DDMC和GPC五种预测控制算法，可以用不同的方法实现对预测控制系统的综合性仿真，包括扰动对系统性能的影响以及控制器参数调整的作用等。利用该软件可对模型预测控制系统的作用机理做进一步仿真分析，并有助于定性分析各种算法中设计参数对系统性能的影响以及不同算法之间的区别。     

预测控制系统仿真软件开发及若干问题的分析

讨论了基于通常使用的PC机平台的实用预测控制仿真软件的开发,分析了基本预测控制算法、改进算法以及截断误差等若干问题.该软件实现了对预测控制系统的综合仿真,包括扰动对系统的影响和控制器参数调整的作用等.利用该软件可对预测控制的作用机理做进一步仿真分析.     

具有鲁棒性的多变量预测控制仿真研究

文中利用预测控制中动态矩阵控制算法对多变量系统进行控制仿真研究,同时以控制领域流行的Matlab/Simulink仿真软件实现其预测控制算法,领导 具研究证明预测控制对多变量系统具有较好的控制作用和满意的鲁棒性。     

基于QP转化的约束非方系统模型预测控制

针对带约束非方系统的控制问题,设计了一种基于标准二次规划(QP)转化方法的快速模型预测控制算法。首先利用非方传递函数矩阵对Diophantine方程进行求解,结合系统的单位阶跃响应矩阵重构系统的预测模型;然后,考虑系统的约束条件,包括输入输出变量、控制增量约束,通过引入松弛变量及等式转化,将模型预测控制MPC过程中的最小化目标函数问题转化为带有不等式约束的标准QP问题,实现最优控制律在迭代过程中的一步求解,从而解决传统控制方法中计算量大、不能够直接应用于在线控制的问题。将本文所提出的方法应用于经典的Kalman非方系统的控制。得到仿真结果表明,该预测控制方法在系统的抗噪声扰动、设定值跟踪等方面均有着较好的性能,同时能满足系统的约束条件,并得到满意的控制效果。     

一种含积分环节系统多步预测多步控制的算法

利用Laguerre正交函数序列对空间函数的良好逼近特性,建立了线性动态系统的Laguerre函数近似模型,该模型不需要对象的阶次和时延等结构知识,通过在线辨识对象的Laguerre系数矩阵,能较好地逼近结构未知系统。另外探讨了含积分环节单变量系统的多步预测和多步控制算法,并进行仿真,结果表明该算法具有较好的控制性能。     

热连轧厚度系统的多目标鲁棒预测控制

针对热连轧厚度控制系统模型(AGC),提出基于线性矩阵不等式的多目标鲁棒预测控制算法,有效处理了液压厚度控制系统的参数不确定性、扰动以及约束等问题. 由于所得结果以非线性矩阵不等式形式给出,采用锥补线性化思想将控制器的设计转化为一个受线性矩阵不等式约束的非线性规划问题,求解线性矩阵不等式,根据其可行解构造控制器,实现系统的多目标优化控制策略. 仿真结果表明,该方法有效并具有较好的控制性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to