H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)/SiO_2催化合成5-乙氧羰基-4-(4-羟基苯基)-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮

采用H6P2W18O62/SiO2为催化剂,以对羟基苯甲醛、乙酰乙酸乙酯、尿素为原料合成5-乙氧羰基-4-(4-羟基苯基)-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮.探讨H6P2W18O62/SiO2对本反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了反应物物质的量比、催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度四因素对产物收率的影响.实验表明:H6P2W18O62/SiO2是合成5-乙氧羰基-4-(4-羟基苯基)-6-甲基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(1H)-酮的良好催化剂;在n(对羟基苯甲醛)∶n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)∶n(尿素)=1∶1.5∶1.5,催化剂的用量占反应物料总质量的1.5%,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为60 min的最佳条件下,其收率可达94.4%.     

乙醇合4,4''-(2-氟苯基)-双(3-甲基-1-苯基-5-吡唑啉酮)甲烷的合成及其晶体结构

标题化合物C27H23FN4O2(C2H5OH)是由2分子1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮和1分子2-苯甲醛微波辐射4 min,用乙醇重结晶得到.在该化合物的晶体结构中,一个结构单元包含1分子4,4'-(2-氟苯基)-双(1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮)甲烷和1分子乙醇.结构通过X-射线衍射法确定,其晶体属于单斜晶系,P21/c空间群,Mr=500.56,a = 0.949 6(19) nm,b= 2.217 4(4) nm,c= 1.285 4(3) nm,β= 100.71(3)°,V = 2.659 5(10) nm 3,dc = 1.250 g/cm3,Z= 4,F(000)=1 056,μ= 0.087 mm-1,最终偏差因子分别为R = 0.059 1,wR = 0.149 9,分子之间通过相邻分子间形成的N-H…O和O-H…N氢键相连.     

7-甲基吲哚啉合成新工艺

报道了以7-甲基吲哚为原料,用Zn-AlCl3·6H2O - H2O还原体系在回流状态下制备了7-甲基吲哚啉的一种新工艺.当n(7-甲基吲哚)∶n(Zn)∶n(AlCl3*6H2O)=1∶1.5∶0.05时,产物收率达92%.     

2-氨基-4,5-二甲基苯甲酸的合成

以3,4-二甲基苯胺为原料,经与水合氯醛、盐酸羟胺缩合,浓H2SO4作用下环合,碱性双氧水条件下进一步氧化开环合成2-氨基-4,5-二甲基苯甲酸,三步反应的总收率为34.3%.产物结构经傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振氢谱(1 H NMR)表征,证明了结构的正确性.     

2-硝基间苯二酚制备工艺的优化

介绍了2 硝基间苯二酚的应用,研究了制备2 硝基间苯二酚的优化工艺.22.00g间苯二酚与60.00g硫酸发生磺化反应,然后与52.00g混酸(含HNO30.28mol,w(HNO3):w(HAc):w(H2SO4)=1g:0.5g:0.5g)在5～10℃进行硝化反应6h,再用水蒸汽蒸馏出2 硝基间苯二酚14.96g,总收率48.27%.     

膏霜类化妆品的预处理及多种微量元素的测定

用HNO3 H2 SO4 HClO4消化法、HNO3 H2 SO4消化法、(HNO3 HClO4)混合酸 H2 SO4消化法三种预处理方法处理膏霜类化妆品样品 ,并以ICP AES法直接测定样品中铜、铬、镉、锰、锌、铅的含量 .结果显示 ,采用 (HNO3 HClO4)混合酸 H2 SO4消化法预处理样品 ,能够得到较好的效果 ,测定方法加标回收率为 93 6 % - 1 0 3 8% ,1 0次测定的RSD (n =1 0 )小于4 89% ,方法操作方便 ,分析速度快 ,结果准确     

Gabriel法合成2-(4-氟苯磺酰基)-乙胺

利用Gabriel合成法,以氨基乙醇为起始原料,经取代、氧化、肼解、酸化,得到高纯度的2-(4-氟苯磺酰基)-乙胺盐酸盐,总收率为21.2%,其结构由IR、1H NMR表征确认.考察不同反应条件下对反应收率的影响,确定最优合成工艺条件,氧化反应:115 ℃,3 h,n(30%H2O2):n(硫醚)=5:1;肼解反应:80 ℃,5 h,水合肼稍过量.     

N,N-二甲基甲酰胺催化的吡唑亲电/亲核氯代反应

在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)催化下,用氯化亚砜氯代1-苯基-5-(4-甲基苯基)-1H-3-羟基吡唑(1a),以83%的高产率获得了4-氯-1-苯基-5-(4-甲基苯基)-1H-3-羟基吡唑(2a),用高效液相色谱(HPLC)跟踪反应,得出最佳反应条件为:n(1a)∶n(DMF)=10∶1,在SOCl2中回流4 h,并分离得到单质硫,提出了DMF催化的吡唑亲电/亲核氯代机制。通过合成系列吡唑底物1b~1h,研究了氯代机制的普适性,其氯代产物2b~2h经核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、核磁共振碳谱(13C NMR)和元素分析表征,并用X线衍射法测定了2d的晶体结构。该氯代反应操作简单、官能团相容性好。     

三氟甲基磺酸银与1,4-二咪唑基二甲苯(bix)在双膦配体参与下的自组装:零维金属大环配合物或二维配位的聚合物

AgCF3SO3与1,4-二咪唑基-二甲苯(bix)在双膦配体dppm或dppe参与下通过自组装得到结构迥然不同的两个配合物:零维金属大环配合物[Ag4(bix)2(dppm)4(CF3SO3)2](1)·2CF3SO3·2DMF·2H2O及具有二维(4,4)格子的聚合物[Ag(bix)(dppe)]n(2)·nCF3SO3·nDMF·nCH3OH,表明双膦配体的链上亚甲基的数目对配合物的结构有重要影响.     

H_3PW_(12)O_(40)/SiO_2催化一锅法合成4-苯基-6-甲基-5-乙氧羰基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(H)-酮

目的合成4-苯基-6-甲基-5-乙氧羰基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(H)-酮。方法采用一锅法Biginelli反应以乙酰乙酸乙酯、苯甲醛和尿素为原料,H3PW12O40/SiO2为催化剂,无水乙醇为溶剂进行合成目标化合物。通过熔点,IR,1 H NMR和MS等测试手段对合成的目标化合物进行表征。结果探讨了反应温度、催化剂用量、反应时间和反应物的摩尔比对收率的影响。实验表明:固定苯甲醛用量为0.04mol的条件下,催化剂的用量占反应物料总质量的2.0%,n(苯甲醛)∶n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)∶n(尿素)=1∶1.5∶1.5,反应时间为90min,反应温度为90℃。在优化条件下,产品平均收率可达79.2%。结论溶胶凝胶法制备的H3PW12O40/SiO2是合成4-苯基-6-甲基-5-乙氧羰基-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2(H)-酮的良好催化剂,具有催化剂用量少,催化活性高,可回收重复使用等特点。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.