改性微粒硅溶胶的研制及应用机理研究

The preparation and their application in papermaking of aluminium modified silica sol (AMS) and boron modified silica sol (BMS) were first investigated in China. At the same time the structures and configurations of AMS and BMS were first time authenticated. The modified silica sol microparticle system was detailedly and systemically studied with colloid charge titration. On the research of flocculation mechanism the laser sizer was also first time used to determine the floc size. Results showed that sodium silicate was treated and acidification was carried out by means of strongly acid cation exchange resins and obtained almost sodium free acid sols. The acid sol obtained after acidification was then made alkaline.     

THE APPLICATION OF CATIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE AS DRAINAGE AND RETENTION AIDS

INTRODUCTIONIn recent years, with the rapid development of paper-making technology[1], such as improvement of pa-per-machine speed, extensive use of high yield and recycling pulp, and more closed white water systems, the environment of papermaking has changed greatly and this has brought many problems, Such as water temperature increasing and water quality becoming worse, large amount of fines in pulp, and more and more aninonic trash in pulp and water. These causes drainability of pulp a…     

阳离子型改性淀粉絮凝剂的制备及絮凝性能研究

合成了3种具有不同阳离子化度的阳离子型改性淀粉接枝共聚物絮凝剂ZHYC-n”（n=15，40，70），当丙烯酰胺与淀粉的质量比大于2．0以后，再提高接枝单体对淀粉的比例，不能明显提高接枝频率，但能提高接枝侧链相对分子质量。考察了这3种絮凝剂的絮凝性能并与市售阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂CPAM进行了对比。结果表明，絮凝剂ZHYC叫具有优良的絮凝脱浊效果，随阳离子化度增加絮凝效果显著增加；絮凝剂ZHYC-70的絮凝效率比CPAM的高约30倍。阳离子型絮凝剂分子链上的阳离子电荷密度不是影响絮凝效果的惟一主要因素；阳离子型改性淀粉接枝共聚物具有的多支链型结构可以明显提高絮凝剂的絮凝效果。     

APPLICATION OF CATIONIC POLYMERIC MICROPARTICLES ON RETENTION AND DRAINAGE

1.INTRODUCTIONThe microparticles retention and drainage technologywas brought in 1980s. It brings striking effect whenused in wet-end in paper-making. The retention offines and fillings and the drainage of pulp improved alot, meanwhile, the evenness also improved. So, mi-croparticles retention and drainage system is the maindeveloping direction of retention and drainage aids on paper-making industry.All microparticles in microparticle system we use currently are inorganic anionic. It rea…     

APAM/CPAM双极膜在电氧化双醛淀粉中的应用

以聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)为原料合成阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)和阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)聚合物,制备APAM/CPAM双极膜.IR分析表明,该聚合物膜两边分别含有-COO-、-NH (CH2CH2)2+官能团.该膜能稳定存在于酸溶液中.以APAM/CPAM聚合物双极膜为电解槽隔膜,间接电氧化合成双醛淀粉,整个电解...     

APPLICATION OF MODIFIED POLYACYLAMIDE IN TREATMENT OF PAPERMAKING DEINKING WASTEWATER

Modified polyacylamide is widely used in many fields, such as oil field chemical, water treatment, paper making, rubber, plastics, printing, paints, leather, biomedical material, magnetic material and so on. Water treatment is one of the most important application fields. The multipolymer which is made of acryl amide acrylic acid MAC (methyl acyloxy ethyl trim ethyl salmak) and AMPS (2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane) can be used as sludge dewatering agents in the effluent decontamination; It a…     

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT CATIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE

INTRODUCTIONWith the rapid changing of papermaking technology, such as elevated paper-machine speed, increased use of twin-wire former, further closed water circuit and increased use of recycled fibers, highly efficient paper chemicals, such as different kinds of polyacrylamides (PAM), are applied more and more widely to meet the challenge. Therefore, more and more studies on the characteristics of PAMs have been found. The PAM products with different molecular weig…     

STUDY ON THE RETENTION MECHANISMS OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT CATIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE

1INTRODUCTIONWith the development of paper industry, more and more paper chemicals are applied into the wet-end of papermaking. Understanding their different functional mechanisms could be of benefit to their applications. Since the main compositions of paper furnish, that is, fibers, fines and fillers, take negative charges and have large surface area, the functional mechanisms between the above-mentioned particles and the aids of retention and drainage mainly include "patch mechanism" an…     

酸催化二氧化硅溶胶的制备及稳定性研究

以正硅酸乙酯、水、乙醇为原料，硝酸为催化剂，制备了SiO2溶胶．研究了pH值、水量、乙醇量、反应温度、反应时间以及溶胶陈化温度等因素等对SiO2溶胶稳定性的影响，以便实现对二氧化硅溶胶稳定性的控制．实验结果表明，随着体系pH值的升高、乙醇量的增大，溶胶的凝胶时间延长，溶胶的稳定性也增强．随着体系水量的增加，溶胶的稳定性先减小后增大，在水酯摩尔比Rw=7．2时，溶胶的稳定性达到最小；随着反应温度的升高、反应时间的延长，溶胶的稳定性降低；采用较低的陈化温度有利于提高溶胶的稳定性．在溶胶粘度发生急剧变化之前溶胶是相对稳定的．     

固着剂助留剂协同控制纸浆溶解与胶体物质的机理

 将聚胺固着剂（PA）、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺助留剂（CPAM）单独以及协同处理旧新闻纸浆,采用聚焦光束反射测定仪（FBRM）考察浆料中残余胶体粒子的数量、尺寸和尺寸分布,探讨固着剂/助留剂协同控制纸浆中溶解与胶体物质（DCS）的效果和机理。结果表明,PA单独处理纸浆时,会产生部分不能固着于纸张纤维或不被纤维网络截留的粒子聚集体;CPAM单独处理纸浆时,其电荷容易被DCS中和,导致其减少纸浆胶体粒子数量的效果明显下降,但不产生粒子聚集体;PA/CPAM协同处理纸浆时,后续的CPAM处理能将PA预处理纸浆时产生的部分粒子聚集体进一步固着到纸张纤维上,达到更好地降低胶体粒子数量的效果,且不产生更大的粒子聚集体。     

NPAM的非均相Mannich反应研究

本文研究了非离子型聚丙烯酰胺（ＮＰＡＭ）经非均相曼尼期（Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ）反应制备粉状阳离子聚丙烯酰胺（ＣＰＡＭ）的反应条件，讨论了在不同水／乙醇体积比中ＮＰＡＭ的溶胀度与溶胀时间的关系及ＮＰＡＭ分子量与溶胀度及胺化度的关系，探讨了反应时间对ＣＰＡＭ的胺化度、溶解率及溶胀行为的影响，通过红外光谱分析，明确了产物的结构     

竹炭与阳离子型聚丙酰胺絮凝剂协同处理城市生活污水研究

依据竹炭较强的吸附能力和阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)优良的絮凝效果将二者进行优化组合,得到组合型水处理剂竹炭-CPAM,并对其处理城市生活污水的絮凝性能进行了研究.结果表明,竹炭具有丰富的孔隙和比表面积,因此有强的吸附能力;对于城市污水,组合型水处理剂的效果好于单一絮凝剂,其对城市污水COD的去除率、透光率和沉降速率分别达到83.7%、82.21%和300 mm/min左右,各项指标比CPAM单独处理时提高了将近2倍.     

阳离子硅镁石助留助滤体系研究

本文研究了阳离子硅镁石作为造纸助留助滤剂的作用及影响因素。结果表明:单独使用时阳离子硅镁石微粒对CaCO3填料及细小组分具有一定的助留助滤作用,但对剪切作用敏感;而当与APMP组成阳离子硅镁石微粒/APMP复合体系时,则表现出良好的助留助滤作用,并且,对pH值的变化及剪切作用均不敏感。在本实验中,硅镁石微粒的最佳加入量为15%(相对于碳酸钙),APAM的最佳加入量为0.5%(相对于碳酸钙)。     

APPLICATION OF CATIONIC STARCH BY DRY-PROCESS AS ANIONIC CHARGE NEUTRALIZING AGENTS TO IMPROVE FILLER RETENTION

Cationic starch, because of containing positive charge, can bond with fibers, fines and fillers with negative charge. So it is widely used in wet end as retention aids, drainage or strengthening aids. Generally, the degree of substitution (DS) of cationic starch which is currently used in papermaking industry is 0.01~0.07, belonging to low DS. With the view of finding new functions of cationic starch in papermaking industry, the current work is to study the preparation process of cationic st…     

EFFECTS OF CRC SIMULACRUM MADE OF OLEIC ACID AND GLYCERIDE ON WET-END AND PAPER PROPERTIES OF NEWSPRONT

INTRODUCTIONMechanical pulp is the main furnish of newsprint. Unfortunately there are much more extractives in mechanical pulp than in other pulps such as Kraft. Extractives are often used to refer to the nonstructural components of wood and bark. Most extractives are organic solvents, including polyphenols, terpenoids, fats, waxes, organic acids, complex polysaccharides and nitrogenous compounds. The amount of extractives and their composition vary with respect to the botanical families…     

膨润土端面电荷改性研究

进行了几种碳酸盐，氢氧化物和硅溶胶改变钙质膨润土端面电荷实验，研究了改性土的结离子吸附性能及介质ｐＨ值和土的结晶度对硅溶胶改性时，土的结晶度对改性膨润土吸附性能有显著影响。     

阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂的合成及表征

系统研究了丙烯酰胺(AM)与二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DMDAAC)共聚反应制备阳离子絮凝剂的工艺条件。对聚合温度、引发剂浓度、单体质量分数等对合成目标产物的影响进行了详细探索,并对聚合产物的结构和热行为进行了表征。结果表明,最佳聚合条件为聚合温度55 ℃,过硫酸铵与甲醛次硫酸氢钠（质量比为7:3）总质量分数0.0125%,偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐(V-50)的质量分数0.0125%,单体质量分数35%,阳离子度35%;在最佳工艺条件下,所得阳离子聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂(CPAM)的分子量为2.5×10⁶,具有良好的絮凝效果。     

THE ADSORPTION OF STARCHES ON PRESSURE-SENSITIVE ADHESIVE MATERIAL AND ITS IMPACT ON AGGLOMERATION

Pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) particles, or stickies, will self-agglomerate in water with agitation.Under certain conditions, it was found that some starches and Poly-Diallyldimethylammonium Chloride prevent this agglomeration. Both cationic and neutral starches were found to adsorb onto the surface of the negatively charged stickies. This was determined by infra-red spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy, contact angle measurements and charge titration methods. Cationic charge promotes the adsorption of starch onto the surface of stickies and cationic starches adsorbed on the PSA film do not desorb when exposed for 15 minutes to deionized water at room temperature. Cationic starches were found to prevent the agglomeration of stickies at lower concentrations relative to neutral starches.Stickies compete with fibers for the cationic charge in the system. Over the molecular weight (MW)range studied, the MW of the starch has no effect on the prevention of agglomeration of stickies.     

改性钛溶胶/羟基丙烯酸酯复合乳液的制备与表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570)改性的钛溶胶,通过单体预乳化方法结合半连续种子乳液聚合工艺合成了甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、丙烯酸（AA)、苯乙烯（St)和甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)等聚合物乳液,将改性钛溶胶加入到聚合物乳液中,制得具有核壳结构的改性钛溶胶/羟基丙烯酸酯复合乳液. 考察了乳化体系、改性二氧化钛溶胶添加量、羟基单体用量对聚合反应稳定性以及乳液性能的影响,用红外光谱、DSC、GPC以及SEM对乳胶粒进行表征. 结果表明:乳胶粒具有规整的球形结构,平均粒径为200 nm左右;当选用SR-10反应性乳化剂,改性二氧化钛溶胶的添加量（质量分数）为5%,羟基单体质量分数为20%,制得的乳液具有较好的稳定性且乳胶膜的耐水性能较好.     

阳离子聚丙烯酰胺微乳液的制备及其絮凝性能研究

以甲醛、二甲胺和丙烯酰胺为原料,通过Mannich反应首先合成阳离子单体N-(二甲氨基)甲基丙烯酰胺,然后用反相微乳液聚合制得不同阳离子度的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺乳液(CPAM).通过探讨反应过程的影响因素,确定了最佳的制备工艺,并对制成的产品进行了性能研究.当反应温度50℃,物质的量比n(丙烯酰胺)∶n(甲醛)∶n(二甲胺)=1∶1.2∶1,反应时间为2 h时,制备的阳离子单体可使乳液聚合的产品获得最佳的阳离子度.通过正交实验反映了单体质量分数、引发剂质量分数、油水相体积比以及反应温度对聚合反应的影响.结果表明,当单体质量分数为30%,引发剂质量分数为0.8%,油水相体积比1.2∶1,反应温度40℃时产品的絮凝效果最佳.在常温、酸性条件下,CPAM对硅藻土的絮凝效果良好.