水动力作用下河湖沉积物污染物释放研究进展

水动力作用会增强底泥沉积物-水界面的剪切效应,并引起上覆水和沉积物的理化性质(溶解氧、pH、氧化还原电位等)发生变化,从而影响甚至改变污染物的释放规律。鉴于水动力的重要性,对动水作用下营养盐、重金属、持久性有机物的释放机制以及影响释放过程的主要因素进行了阐述,解析了过去研究中存在的不足,指出多次水动力扰动下沉积物再悬浮以及再分配行为响应机制、水动力作用与沉积物中多种污染物释放的协同或拮抗的耦合机制、水动力与水生植物共同胁迫作用下污染物释放的微观机制以及基于复杂条件下的沉积物污染物释放动力学模型构建是本领域需进一步研究的重点。

Advance on the release of pollutants in river and lake sediments under hydrodynamic conditions

Hydrodynamic effect will enhance the shear effect of sediment and water interface, and the physical and chemical properties of the overlying water and sediment (dissolved oxygen, pH, redox potential, etc. ) will be changed. Thus, the release law of pollutants will be affected or even changed. The advances in the past decade are reviewed and summarized to reveal the release mechanism of nutrients, heavy metals and persistent organic matters as well as the main factors affecting the release process under hydrodynamic forces in this paper. It is proposed that some issues should be improved in the further study, including the mechanism of sediment resuspension and redistribution behavior under multiple hydrodynamic disturbances, the synergistic or antagonistic coupling mechanism between the hydrodynamic action and the release of various pollutants in sediments, microscopic mechanism of pollutant release under the combined action of hydrodynamic forces and aquatic plants, and the model construction of sediment release dynamics based on complex conditions.