河南太行山脉3产地淡水三角涡虫染色体数目及核型多样性分析

利用空气干燥法对采自河南境内太行山脉十字岭、张沟、八里沟3产地淡水三角涡虫(Dugesiasp)的染色体和核型进行了研究.结果表明:十字岭淡水三角涡虫(Dugesia sp)体细胞中染色体数目以24条为主(2n=3x=24=24m),占84.56%,少数为16条(2n=2x=16=16m),占8.98%,染色体基数为8,为二倍体和三倍体的混合倍体;张沟淡水三角涡虫(Dugesiasp)体细胞中染色体数目以25条为主(2n=3x+1=24+1SB=21m+3sm+1SB),占80.84%,含有一条小B染色体,少数为24条(2n=3x=24=21m+3sm),占15.99%,极少数为32条,占3.17%,染色体基数为8,为三倍体、四倍体和三倍性非整倍体的混合倍体;八里沟淡水三角涡虫(Dugesiasp)的体细胞中染色体数目以24条(2n=3x=24=24m)和32条(2n=4x=32=32m)为主,分别占38.21%和39.77%,染色体基数为8,为三倍体和四倍体的混合倍体,该产地部分三倍体个体体细胞中染色体结构发生变异,个别染色体末端有随体,其核型呈现多型性.

Diversity Analysis of Chromosome and Karyotype of Freshwater Planarians(Dugesiasp.)from Taihang Mountains,Henan Province,China

The chromosomes and karyotype of the freshwater planarians,Dugesiasp,collected from Shiziling,Zhanggou,Baligou in Taihang mountains,Henan province,were studied by air drying method.The results showed:(1)The karyotype of planarians collected from Shiziling belong to mixoploids,consisting of the triploid 24(2n=3x=24=24m)and diploid16(2n=2x=16=16m),the percentage of triploid and diploid cells is 84.56%and 8.98%,respectively.(2)The karyotype of planarians collected from Zhanggou have the triploid aneuploidy chromosome number of 25 with the karyotype formula of 2n=3x+1=24+1SB=21m+3sm+1SB,the triploid that of 24 with one of 2n=3x=24=21m+3sm and tetraploid 2n=4x=32.The percentage of triploid aneuploidy,triploid and tetraploid cells is 80.84%,15.99%and 3.17%,respectively.(3)The karyotype of planarians collected from Baligou is mixoploid composed of triploid and tetraploid,the karyotype formula is 2n=3x=24=24mand 2n=4x=32=32mand the individual chromosomes has satellite in triploid and its karyotype showed polymorphism,the percentage of triploid and tetraploid cells is 38.21% and 39.77%,respectively.