A combination of leaf rust resistance gene Lr34 and lesion mimic gene lm significantly enhances adult plant resistance to Puccinia triticina in wheat

Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is an economically-important disease in wheat worldwide.A combination of different types of resistance genes may significantly enhance rust resistance under rust-favorable conditions.To investigate the interactions between the rust resistance gene Lr34 and the lesion mimic gene lm on 1BL in Ning 7840,a segregating F8-10 population of 180 recombinant inbred lines was developed from Ning 7840/Chokwang and evaluated for both lesion mimic expression and leaf rust response at the adult plant stage in a greenhouse.A major quantitative trait locus(QTL),derived from Sumai 3,was co-localized with Lr34 on chromosome 7D and explained 41.5% of phenotypic variations for rust severity and 22.1% for leaf tip necrosis(LTN).The presence of Lr34 was confirmed by Lr34-specific markers cssfr1 and cssfr2 in Ning 7840 and Sumai 3.Unlike Lr34,lm conditioned a spontaneous lesion mimic phenotype and had a significant effect on reducing uredinial size,and a smaller effect on severity.Additive effects were observed between lm and Lr34 for severity and LTN,and an epistatic effect was observed for infection type.Single marker analysis also identified several other QTL with minor effects on severity,infection type,or LTN.     

Juvenilizing effect of ecdysone mimic RH 5849 inGalleria mellonella larvae

The response of the final instar larvae ofG. mellonella to topical application of the non-steroidal ecdysone mimic, RH 5849, was age-related as well as dose-dependent. In young final instar larvae, moderate doses of RH 5849 induced perfect supernumerary larval moults, but doses equal to and higher than 8.5 μg per larva caused premature formation of larval cuticle and were lethal. Application of RH 5849 significantly increased allatotropic activity of the brain, and also activated synthesis of juvenile hormone (JH) by the corpora cardiaca/corpora allata complex. Simultaneous application of RH 5849 and FMev, a potent inhibitor of JH synthesis, to young final instar larvae lowered the incidence of perfect supernumerary larval moults. We conclude that the effect of RH 5849 on the developmental programme inG. mellonella is mediated by the corpora allata.     

大麦类病斑突变体bspl1的遗传及生理生化分析

对甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）诱变大麦品种ZJU3获得的一个类病斑突变体（bspl1）进行了遗传和生理分析. 遗传分析结果显示,该表型由隐性单基因控制;苗期叶片生理生化分析表明,bspl1中SOD、POD以及CAT的活性较野生型ZJU3均明显升高. 通过比较bspl1和野生型ZJU3在生理生化水平上的差异,推测类病斑的产生与叶片中活性氧的堆积相关.     

大麦类病斑突变体 bspl 1的遗传及生理生化分析

对甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）诱变大麦品种ZJU3获得的一个类病斑突变体（bspl1）进行了遗传和生理分析。遗传分析结果显示,该表型由隐性单基因控制;苗期叶片生理生化分析表明,bspl1中SOD、POD以及CAT的活性较野生型ZJU3均明显升高。通过比较bspl1和野生型ZJU3在生理生化水平上的差异,推测类病斑的产生与叶片中活性氧的堆积相关。     

二苯甲酰甲烷席夫碱过渡金属配合物的制备及仿酶催化活性研究

利用溶液法合成二苯甲酰甲烷席夫碱过渡金属配合物,用紫外、红外、热重分析方法对目标产物进行结构表征与确认,以过氧化氢残余率为指标,分析催化剂种类、催化剂与过氧化氢配比、反应温度、溶液酸度对催化反应的影响,研究该配合物作为模拟过氧化氢酶,对过氧化氢分解的催化性能。结果确定出配合物仿酶催化剂催化分解过氧化氢反应的最佳条件为:二苯甲酰甲烷缩苯丙氨酸席夫碱镍配合物催化性能最好,当其浓度为1.0×10-5mol/L时,控制过氧化氢浓度为0.05mol/L,温度55℃,溶液的pH值为8。配合物仿酶催化剂催化分解过氧化氢反应符合一级反应特征。     

基于分子马达的活细胞内微粒逃离势阱的运动概率

用Ｆｏｋｋｅｒ－Ｐｌａｎｃｋ方程研究了在活细胞内作拟布郎运动的微粒在分子马达驱动下跳离势阱的运动概率,进而得到ＡＴＰ分子的水解反应概率、马达蛋白分子的反应概率以及确定与活细胞内微粒膜连接的马达蛋白分子数和ＡＴＰ分子数的统计表达式。     

绿色高分子研究概况

介绍了绿色高分子材料的发展状况,对绿色高分子的进一步研究提供参考.     

Laboratory study of improving petroleum recovery by changing the wettability between the solid/liquid interface

The wettability of the solid powders (silica gel or Kaolin) was measured with the modified Washburn equation indicated as contact angles. The wettability changes for SDBS aqueous solutions on the surface of a silica gel or Kaolin powder were studied. The average aggregation number of the micelle in SDBS aqueous solution was measured by the fluorescence quenching method. Then the oil recovery of n-dodecane on the silica gel or the Kaolin surface was tested. The relationship between the wettability of the powder surface, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDBS aqueous solution, and the mimic oil recovery of the resident oil on the powder surface has been explored. It has been found that the minimum contact angle (most hydrophilic condition) and the maximum oil recovery occurred near the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of SDBS while the interfacial tension between the SDBS solution and n-dodecane was far from ultra-low condition (≤10^-3 mN·m^-1).     

基于新型金属有机框架模拟酶的电化学检测食品胆固醇体系的构建

基于金属有机框架具有模拟酶的特性,构建实时检测胆固醇电化学传感器。采用自组装的方法制备出新型的复合金属有机框架模拟酶(Fe₃O₄@Au/MOF)纳米粒子,其兼具了Fe₃O₄磁性粒子的可回收特点以及金纳米粒子的加速电子转移等优点。并利用红外光谱、透射电子显微镜以及X射线光电子能谱对制备成功的Fe₃O₄@Au/MOF的结构和形貌进行表征。借助Fe₃O₄@Au/MOF的类过氧化物酶双重催化性能使胆固醇氧化为胆甾烯三酮和H₂O₂,而H₂O₂在其进一步的催化下产生的具有氧化活性的羟基自由基可促进3,3′,5,5′-四甲基联苯胺发生氧化还原反应,进而增加了体系中电荷的移动。根据电信号的响应情况, 从而实现对胆固醇的快速定性和高效定量的检测。研究结果表明,采用循环伏安法测得优化检测体系为:反应温度为 50℃,Fe₃O₄@Au/MOF 添加量为0.0125g,扫描速率为0.10V/s,缓冲溶液pH=4;当胆固醇浓度处于0.001~1.500mmol/L时呈现良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为y=20.6401x+4.7722,R²=0.9956,最低检测限为2.7μmol/L;且检测体系具有良好的回收率和抗干扰性,在食品分析和生化分析等方面具有良好的应用前景。     

类DLVO理论与胆固醇单水结晶形成过程

就人体胆汁胆固醇单水结晶形成过程提出了类DLVO理论，应用该理论初步阐明了其结晶过程可能的化学物理机制，并分析了该理论在促、抗风核因于及溶石方面的意义。