气体润湿性评价方法总述

理论和实验证实凝析气藏多孔介质表面润湿性由液湿性转变为优先气湿可显著提高气井产量,且气湿程度对气井产量影响较大。但是由于气体具有较强的压缩性,传统的液湿性定量评价方法（（USBM法和Amott法））不适用于气体润湿性评价。本文通过理论分析和润湿性实验研究,整理并提出了气体润湿性评价的新方法:停滴法、气泡捕获法、表面能法、毛细管上升法。本课题组首次提出应用停滴法和气泡捕获法分别建立了气湿性定量评价的方法,确立了气湿性定量评价指标,为气湿性理论研究奠定了基础。     

圈养雄獐的行为格局

于2003年12月到2004年3月,采用焦点动物取样和连续记录的方法,在浙江省嵊州市河麂种源繁育基地对成年雄獐和1岁龄雄獐在交配季节与非交配季节的行为格局进行了比较研究.结果表明：无论是在交配季节还是在非交配季节,成年雄獐与1岁龄雄獐的行为模式均无显著的差异（P〉0.05）;但与非交配季节相比,雄獐在交配季节移动时间显著增加（P〈0.05）,卧息时间明显减少（P〈0.05）,而冲突行为和尾阴探究行为显著增加（P〈0.05）.最后对圈养雄獐的饲养管理提出了建议.     

基于阶次分析的无人机挂飞振动正弦分量幅值准确提取技术

传统的快速傅里叶变换分析装备在变转速工况下的振动信号出现"频率模糊"现象,针对此问题提出一种无键相阶次分析方法。首先通过控制系统或其它途径预估转速变化范围,确定窄带滤波频带;然后对信号进行窄带滤波;之后利用Hilbert变换计算滤波后信号的瞬时频率;最后根据瞬时频率对信号进行重采样得到角度域平稳信号,对角度域信号傅里叶变换得到阶次谱。通过信号仿真验证了该阶次分析方法有效、准确,并应用到装备在无人机的挂飞振动信号分析中,用于准确提取变转速工况下振动信号中正弦分量的幅值,为准确制定装备的振动环境试验条件奠定基础。该方法是对阶次分析方法的有效补充,对于相似装备的动力学环境试验条件制定也具有参考和借鉴价值。     

气体润湿性评价方法综述

理论和实验证实凝析气藏多孔介质表面润湿性由液湿性转变为优先气湿可显著提高气井产量,且气湿程度对气井产量影响较大。但是由于气体具有较强的压缩性,传统的液湿性定量评价方法((USBM法和Amott法))不适用于气体润湿性评价。通过理论分析和润湿性实验研究,整理并提出了气体润湿性评价的新方法:停滴法、气泡捕获法、表面能法、毛细管上升法。首次提出应用停滴法和气泡捕获法分别建立了气湿性定量评价的方法,确立了气湿性定量评价指标,为气湿性理论研究奠定了基础。     

Population status, threats and conservation of the Yangtze finless porpoise

The Yangtze finless porpoise （Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis） is currently limited to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from Yichang to Shanghai, China, and the adjoining Poyang and Dongting Lakes. Its population size has decreased remarkably during the last several decades due to the heavy impact of human activities, including overfishing of prey species, water development projects that cause attendant habitat loss and degradation, water pollution, and accidental deaths caused by harmful fishing gear and collisions with motorized vessels. It was estimated that the number of remaining individuals was down to approximately 1800 in 2006, a number that is decreasing at a rate as high as 5% per year. Three conservation measures - in situ and ex situ conservation and captive breeding have been applied to the protection of this unique porpoise since the early 1990s. Seven natural and two ＂semi-natural＂ reserves have so far been established. Since 1996, a small group of finless porpoises has been successfully reared in a facility at the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; three babies were born in captivity on July 5, 2005, June 2, 2007 and July 5, 2008. These are the first freshwater cetaceans ever born in captivity in the world. Several groups of these porpoises caught in the main stream of the Yangtze River, or rescued, have been introduced into the Tian＇e-Zhou Semi-natural Reserve since 1990. These efforts have proven that, not only can these animals survive in the area, they are also to reproduce naturally and successfully. More than 30 calves had been born in the reserve since then, with one to three born each year. Taking deaths and transfers into account, there were approximately 30 individuals living in the reserve as of the end of 2007. Among eight mature females captured in April 2008, five were confirmed pregnant. This effort represents the first successful attempt at off-site protection of a cetacean species in the world, and establishes a solid base for conservation of the Yangtze finless porpoise. A lesson must be drawn from the tragedy of Chinese River Dolphin （Lipotes vexillifer）, which has already been declared likely extinct. Strong, effective and appropriate protective measures must be carried out quickly to prevent the Yangtze finless porpoise from becoming a second Chinese River Dolphin, and save the biodiversity of the Yangtze River as a whole.     

Type of Garment Value Chain Governance and Capacity of China Textile ＆ Garment Enterprises

The textile and garment value chain is typical buyer-driven and captive governance.Based on the results of 153 questionnaires survey of textile and garment companies around China in 2008 as well as case studies,the roles of China textile and garment enterprises in value chain were showed in this paper.The survey covers several different sectors,in which companies have different decision power,strategies and performance,to find how to take advantage of companies strengths,and gain long-term benefit enhancing...     

Measuring migratory restlessness in captive birds by an ultrasonic system

Summary A new simple ultrasonic system is described with which whirring and hopping, expressions of noctural migratory activity in captive birds, can be measured. Pronounced differences are found if the results are compared with those from the most often used perch-microswitch system, which responds only to hopping.     

梧州繁殖中心圈养黑叶猴遗传多样性分析和野外放归种源选择

采用线粒体控制区和微卫星DNA分子标记,对梧州繁殖中心圈养黑叶猴的遗传多样性、圈养个体来源地以及个体间的亲缘关系进行分析.在355 bp线粒体控制区序列中发现了35个核苷酸变异位点,包括3个转换、29个颠换和3个插入/缺失,这些变异位点共定义了13种单倍型.圈养黑叶猴核苷酸多样性(π)为0.027,单倍型多样性(h)为0.627.采用11对微卫星引物对圈养黑叶猴DNA进行扩增,共检测到47个等位基因,每个座位的平均等位基因数为4.18.平均期望杂合度(He)为0.559,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.551.与其他濒危灵长类动物相比,圈养黑叶猴遗传多样性处于中等水平.将贵州、广西、越南野生黑叶猴和圈养黑叶猴单倍型进行比较,发现梧州繁殖中心圈养黑叶猴个体来自广西境内和广西与越南交界地区.采用微卫星数据分析了圈养黑叶猴亲缘关系和遗传距离,选取3只雄猴和7只雌猴组建了3个家庭单元用于野外放归.     

环境丰容对圈养黑猩猩行为的影响

通过对北京动物园2只黑猩猩的笼舍进行丰容处理,持续观察并记录丰容前后动物的各种行为,试图探索环境丰容对圈养黑猩猩行为的影响.研究表明,实施环境丰容后黑猩猩的行为变化明显:异常行为和刻板行为减少;一般行为没有显著变化,活动量增加;拥有了更多的探究机会,且相应的探究行为大大增加.