话“术语哲学”

2003 年,国际术语学研究所举办了东西欧术语学基础理论比较研讨会,在此会议上,来自东、西欧的术语学研究者畅所欲言,对自20世纪30年代以来,在奥地利(代表欧洲中西部地区)和苏联等东欧国家逐渐发展起来的术语学理论进行了深入研讨。俄罗斯女学者阿莱克谢耶娃做了“术语学和哲学之间的相互影响”的主题发言,国际术语学研究所副所长布丁教授也以“对术语哲学的展望”为题做了演讲,它探究了术语学的哲学源头,分析了术语学理论与“知识工程”和“知识本体”的内在联系,以此作为对东欧学者的呼应。文章旨在介绍布丁教授这篇演讲里的重要观点,以期为广大读者充分了解术语学的理论基石提供途径。     

Pierre Duhem’s virtue epistemology

Duhem’s concept of ‘good sense’ is central to his philosophy of science, given that it is what allows scientists to decide between competing theories. Scientists must use good sense and have intellectual and moral virtues in order to be neutral arbiters of scientific theories, especially when choosing between empirically adequate theories. I discuss the parallels in Duhem’s views to those of virtue epistemologists, who understand justified belief as that arrived at by a cognitive agent with intellectual and moral virtues, showing how consideration of Duhem as a virtue epistemologist offers insights into his views, as well as providing possible answers to some puzzles about virtue epistemology. The extent to which Duhem holds that the intellectual and moral virtues of the scientist determine scientific knowledge has not been generally noticed.     

论系统非优研究的意义

从认识论、方法论及实践论角度论证了系统非优研究的重要意义，指出不研究非优问题，系统论将是不完整的。     

Yeperenye Dreaming in Conceptual,Geographical, and Cyberspace: A Participatory Action Research Approach to Address Local Governance Within an Australian Indigenous Housing Association

Systemic Practice and Action Research - This paper discusses work in progress with an Indigenous housing association in Central Australia. It builds on and extends a 2-year policy and planning...     

规范认识危机与社会科学研究的方法论倾向——读黄宗智:《中国经济史中的悖论现象与当前的规范认识危机》

如果从方法论的角度来考察,黄宗智先生的《中国经济史中的悖论现象与当前的规范认识危机》一文无论是对于当代中国的历史学研究还是整个社会科学研究都具有十分重要的参考意义。这和他的学术经历和学术反思是紧密相关的。     

金岳霖认识论与现代西方认识论之关系

金岳霖先生的认识论与现代西方认识论有着深刻的内在渊源;与现代西方认识论一样,金先生认为,既成的"各种自然科学知识"是认识论研究的根本出发点,认识论的本质是哲学怀疑论,认识论关注的是知识结果的"逻辑结构"或知识的"理";金先生的认识论立场在可知论和怀疑论之间摇摆。     

论认识的主体性原则

随着认识论本身不断发展,思维的建构性揭示出认识是反映、反思与建构的统一.人类活动的最基本原则是主体性原则.马克思在哲学上所完成的革命性变革,关键在于提出了以实践为基础的主体性原则.     

Can the behavioral sciences self-correct? A social epistemic study

Advocates of the self-corrective thesis argue that scientific method will refute false theories and find closer approximations to the truth in the long run. I discuss a contemporary interpretation of this thesis in terms of frequentist statistics in the context of the behavioral sciences. First, I identify experimental replications and systematic aggregation of evidence (meta-analysis) as the self-corrective mechanism. Then, I present a computer simulation study of scientific communities that implement this mechanism to argue that frequentist statistics may converge upon a correct estimate or not depending on the social structure of the community that uses it. Based on this study, I argue that methodological explanations of the “replicability crisis” in psychology are limited and propose an alternative explanation in terms of biases. Finally, I conclude suggesting that scientific self-correction should be understood as an interaction effect between inference methods and social structures.     

论传统学习观与建构主义学习观的对立统一

我们主张"以学生为中心"的素质教育和"以教师为中心"的应试教育对立统一,主张在一些时候(或一些情况下)可能是素质教育为主,另一些时候(或另一些情况下)可能是应试教育为主。当一种教育模式为主时,一定潜藏着或显现着另一种教育模式。     

Pierre Duhem’s good sense as a guide to theory choice

This paper examines Duhem’s concept of good sense as an attempt to support a non rule-governed account of rationality in theory choice. Faced with the underdetermination of theory by evidence thesis and the continuity thesis, Duhem tried to account for the ability of scientists to choose theories that continuously grow to a natural classification. I will examine the concept of good sense and the problems that stem from it. I will also present a recent attempt by David Stump to link good sense to virtue epistemology. I will argue that even though this approach can be useful for the better comprehension of the concept of good sense, there are some substantial differences between virtue epistemologists and Duhem. In the light of this reconstruction of good sense, I will propose a possible way to interpret the concept of good sense, which overcomes the noted problems and fits better with Duhem’s views on scientific method and motivation in developing the concept of good sense.