滇东牛头山地区早震旦世沉积相及大地构造环境

野外调查和室内分析表明,牛头山地区陆良组、牛头山组应属下震旦统,其沉积相类型自下而上可划分为辫状河相、河口湾相、浅海相、滨海相、浅海相及三角洲相。“牛头山古陆”在早震旦世是不存在的。牛头山地区当时为被动大陆边缘。     

C－isotope composition and significance of the Sinian on the Tarim plate

102 samples of limestones,mudrocks shales and tillites from the Sinian in Kuluketage have been analyzed ,Four formations in the Sinian belong to glacial deposits in which the differences in δ^13C are distinct (-14.7‰- 4.2‰),Distinctly negative δ^13C excursions for three times support the viwe of three glacial deposits in this area suggested by previous authors,except for the durations of them ,δ^13C values are generally positive in the Beiyixi Formation of lower part of the Lower Sinian ,representing probably the rock records of a continental rift related to break-up of the Rodinian supercontinent,There are three times of distinct excursions of δ^13C curve in all strata,The first one is from positive values at the bottom to about -5‰ at the top of the Beiyixi Formation ,The second one,from 0‰-3‰ in the Arletonggou Formation of upper part of the Lower Sinian to -3.4‰---14.4‰ in the Teruiaiken Formation.The third one,from positive values in the Zhamoketi Formation of lower part of the Upper Sinian to negative values in glacial varves at the top of the Hankeerqiaoke Formation.     

Stratigraphic implications of Sinian-Early Cambrian volcanic ash beds on the Yangtze Platform

Volcanic ash beds from shallow- to deep-water facies strata of the Sinian-Early Cambrian (Meishucunian) on the Yangtze Platform consist of bentonites and tuffites which are readily recognized in the field by their physical features and confirmed by geochemical analyses.Geochemistry suggests that the volcanic ash beds in Meishucunian time are rhyolite and rhyodacite while those in the Qiongzhusian and Sinian are andesite and trachyandesite.The ash beds in the time-equivalent strata, even in different areas display rather similar geochemical features, whereas the ash beds in different strata even in the same areas show large chemical difference.The results suggest that these ash beds can be used for intra- and extra-basinal correlations of the Sinian-Early Cambrian interval on the Yangtze Platform.Additionally, these ash beds suggest high potentials for further U-Pb dating strategies.     

川东南震旦系灯影组白云岩与志留系石牛栏组灰岩储层特征

川东南震旦系-志留系具有较好的勘探前景,但勘探程度极低.以地表露头、钻井资料及二维地震资料为基础,通过储层特征综合评价研究,认为上震旦统灯影组白云岩、下志留统石牛栏组颗粒灰岩为区内的主要储集岩,沉积相、岩溶作用及裂缝发育程度为储层发育的主控因素.储层沉积相区域对比研究表明,主要储层横向展布特征是:灯影组白云岩在研究区广泛且稳定分布,石牛栏组颗粒灰岩主要发育于泸州-赤水-道真以南的台地相区.     

前寒武纪的划分

本文采用尹赞勋提出的地球历史发展的两大阶段:天文时期与地质时期,并同意废弃隐生宙与显生宙。本文着重讨论了生物的发展,从无机到有机,到蛋白质,到细胞,到后生动物的阶段性。建议地质时期代的划分,根据生物发展阶段特征,前寒武纪划分为无生代、隐生代、始生代与原生代。另把古生代下限延至900Ma,包括震旦纪。小壳动物应归属震旦纪,而不是寒武纪。     

傅斯年的"科学学术"论

傅斯年倡导“文学革新”,主张文化“脱弃旧型入于新轨”,标举“科学学术”论与“史学即史料学”。他的“科学学术”论不从新、旧,不唯中、西,求真务实,凸显的是学术,强调的是科学与科学方法,排斥的是古今中西门户之见。历史学因为傅斯年的大声疾呼和身体力行,终于走上了一条与西方接轨、对话的科学化道路。     

A new discovery of macroscopic fossils from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Gorges area

The Ediacaran section in the Yangtze Gorges area, South China, is one of the most important in the worldand contains abundant fossils[1-4]. The earliest discov- ery of macrofossils in 1984, including macroscopic algal fossils from the uppermost Doushantuo…     

中国南方海相震旦系-中三叠统层序划分与对比

在对中国南方不同地区海相震旦系-中三叠统基干剖面和辅助剖面详细观测研究的基础上,对震旦系-中三叠统进行了系统的层序划分对比,共识别出13个超层序和99个三级层序,讨论了13个超层序的特征,建立了中国南方海相震旦系-中三叠统的层序格架.总体上看各超层序在整个中国南方不同盆地、不同相带的剖面上可以完全对比,但同一个超层序内所包含的三级层序个数及完整性有所不同.对于三级沉积层序来说,半数以上可以得到化石带较为准确的年代控制并在同一个构造分区甚至整个中国南方进行对比,部分层序甚至还可以在三级层序的体系域层次进行对比.表明从整个中国南方来看二级相对海平面升降变化更具有一致性,而三级相对海平面的变化规律在不同盆地、不同相带有所差异.     

欧洲近代史学与傅斯年的学术思想

欧洲近代史学作为一种舶来品,对于中国史学从传统走向现代,起到了至为重要的推动作用。在欧洲近代史学东传的过程中,傅斯年穿针引线,对欧洲近代史学的引介不遗余力,贡献尤著。尤其是,他对巴克尔史学的借鉴、兰克治史理念的宣扬,以及德国"种族-文化"观念的运用,不仅成为其取得重要史学成就的学术渊源,而且为转型期的中国史学创辟了一条新路径。同时,欧洲近代史学经由傅斯年输入国内,开阔了中国学者的国际视野,为中国史学走向世界,取得国际学术话语权奠定了基础。     

中扬子北部上震旦统陡山沱组沉积特征及演化

中扬子区上震旦统陡山沱组中下部为一大套灰黑色、黑灰色泥页岩,且大部分地区深埋地腹,具有较好的页 岩气勘探潜力。基于钻井岩芯及野外剖面测量观察,开展了系统的基础地质研究,建立了陡山沱组区域地层格架,进 行了层序和沉积相分析。上震旦统陡山沱组岩性具有四分特征,钻井岩芯和实测剖面各分段的岩性特征和沉积厚度 有所不同,地层厚度在90∼250 m,总体上呈东西走向展布,即自北西向东、南逐渐增厚的趋势。将陡山沱组划分为一 个二级层序（SS1）,其中包含4 个三级层序（SQ1、SQ2、SQ3、SQ4）。沉积相包括滨岸潮坪相和台地相,台地相划分为 开阔台地、局限台地和台内盆地3 类亚相。陡山沱期,研究区整体上为台地相沉积,区内东南部为开阔台地沉积,西北 部为局限台地,西南部花鸡坡-X1 井-九里垭一带为相对深水的台内盆地相沉积。