优质全株青贮玉米饲喂育肥牛试验研究报告

全株青贮玉米是反刍动物的优质青绿饲料,产量高,营养好,易被牛羊消化吸收,它不仅可以增加奶牛养殖的经济效益,而且在肉牛养殖中也愈来愈受到重视,育肥牛生产中使用全株青贮玉米,在一个育肥期内比不带穗的青贮提高效益664.24元/头,比不带穗青贮组增加416.68元/头,全株青贮玉米是育肥牛提高养殖效益的重要青粗饲料,同时也是提高肉牛畜产品品质的根本保证.     

A study on the effect of the bacterial inoculant on corn silage quality,digestibility and performance in dairy cattle

Effect of the bacterial inoculant Sil-All (short for ‘ SA‘ ) on corn silage quality, digestibility and performance in dairy cattle was studied. SA treated silage resulted in the higher level of retained protein and slightly higher level of residual sugars in that treatment, the better digestibility of the neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and the acid detergent fibre (ADF), the lower pH and evolution of ammonia compared to the control; The fall in pH was most rapid in the SA treated silage in the first 4 days of ensilage, when it matters most for the conservation of protein, compared with the control silage and this was linked more to both lactic and total acids. Both volatile fatty acid (VFA) and lactate content increased with ensiling time, increase degree reached up near 100%; Lactate content in treatment silage was higher than that in the control, and this difference was all maintained at the level of approximately 7% - 13% almost in all cases, at length, up 16% in the case of day 15; pH value decreased with ensiling time. Moreover, pH value in most of treatment were lower than that in the control ; The digestibility of both dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) was appreciably improved by the use of inoculant SA. Also, in relation to reductions, of NDF and ADF were noted. An increase in milk yield of the order of 0.9kg per head per day in favour of SA was observed. Alternatively, with an average daily feed intake of 20kg, this indicates with 1 ton of corn silage milk yield could be increased by 46.5kg.     

燕麦青贮研究进展

燕麦既可调制干草也可制作青贮,但在西北、西南、华北、东北等高寒农牧区有些地区由于制作干草时处于阴雨天气不宜调制干草,只能进行青贮.燕麦青贮在动物生产中作为一种优良的青贮饲料具有适口性好、营养价值高、环境适应范围广等特点.就燕麦青贮时期、添加剂青贮、混合青贮、青贮饲喂效果进行了综述,促进燕麦青贮的利用和发展.     

添加尿素对青贮玉米秸秆品质的影响

为了探讨添加尿素对青贮玉米饲料品质的影响,试验用不同剂量的尿素作为添加剂对原料进行青贮调制,并对开封后的青贮饲料进行了感官评定和实验室评定。结果表明:添加尿素的青贮玉米秸秆,其感官评定等于或优于对照组;实验室评定中青贮饲料的各组间的pH值差异不显著;各组间粗纤维的含量无显著变化;各组间的粗蛋白含量差异显著,特别是使用5g/kg的尿素作用显著优于其它各组。     

不同添加剂对蜗牛苜蓿青贮品质的影响

在蜗牛苜蓿鲜草中添加不同用量的甲酸、甲醛、乙酸和糖蜜做捆裹青贮试验。结果表明：与对照组相比各试验组青贮苜蓿中的pH及ADF、NDF和VBN的含量均降低，WSC、CP含量均提高。其中以添加0．7％甲酸，添加3％甲醛，添加5％糖蜜试验组的青贮品质最好。     

浅谈奶牛青贮饲料的使用

介绍了使用奶牛青贮饲料应掌握的品质鉴定方法、造成失败的原因、具体使用方法和使用注意事项等。     

用单叶重速测青贮玉米单株总叶面积

研究了苗期（４叶期）、拔节期和灌浆期的“白马牙”玉米每层叶鲜重（或干重）与单株总叶面积的回归方程。结果表明，按从上至下的顺序排叶序，则苗期的第三层叶、拔节期的第四层叶和灌浆期的第十层叶的鲜重（或干重）分别与该期的单株总叶面积呈最显著的正相关，可分别用来快速估测该生育时期的单株总面积。     

添加剂对甘蔗梢叶青贮营养价值的影响

【目的】考察不同添加剂对甘蔗梢叶青贮营养价值的影响,为甘蔗梢叶高饲料化利用提供参考依据。【方法】采用单因素实验法考察尿素、糖蜜、乳酸菌液的添加和三者混合添加对甘蔗梢叶青贮营养价值的影响。【结果】不同的添加剂均能改善甘蔗梢叶青贮的营养品质。当尿素添加量为0.5%(W/W)时最佳,粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量分别提高34.68%和61.27%,半纤维素和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)分别降低10.67%和6.23%,差异极显著(P0.01);当糖蜜添加量为15%(W/W)时最佳,粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量分别提高20.42%和36.42%,纤维素、NDF和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)分别降低54.04%,28.30%和45.72%,差异极显著(P0.01);单独添加乳酸菌对青贮影响不明显,差异不显著(P0.05);同时添加0.5%(W/W)尿素、15%(W/W)糖蜜和5%(W/W)乳酸菌液青贮效果最佳,粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量分别提高85.92%和69.36%,纤维素、NDF和ADF分别降低38.94%,17.92和33.44%,差异极显著(P0.01)。【结论】在甘蔗梢叶青贮时,同时添加尿素、糖蜜和乳酸菌,能有效降低其粗纤维含量,提高消化利用率。     

高产优质青贮饲料玉米品种筛选试验研究

黑龙江省是产粮大省，也是畜牧大省，种植青贮玉米发展奶牛事业，是黑龙江省在调整种植业结构中的重大举措。种植青贮玉米对品种选择比较严格，不仅要求品种的生物产量高，还需抗病性强、病叶少，并能在乳熟期收储、品质好。在黑龙江省的西北部地区引进了高油115等8个品种进行比较试验，测定生物产量、成熟期、抗病性、品质等多项指标，经综合评价，筛选出较好的青贮饲料玉米品种主要有高油115、龙辐208，此品种适合在该地区大面积推广应用。表4，参2。     

玉米青贮HACCP技术与青霉菌污染防治

运用HACCP技术对影响玉米青贮生产过程系统因素进行危害分析与关键点控制,并对海伦市奶牛户青贮青霉菌污染进行鉴定,提出了预防措施.图1,参12.