德国教师职前培养的课程设置及对我国的启示

德国的教师职前培养分为修业和见习两阶段,重视教育学科课程,要求师范生修2门执教学科,重视师范生的实践能力,这对我国中小学教师的培养和专业化都具有积极的启示意义。     

Rule-K错误的发现

在文[1]中曾提出用一条规则的错误率M/N及N来判断该条规则是否需要修改,本文给出了以“均贲法”、“追踪法”与“比较法”记录某条知识的M/N,与N的方法,以便为知识库的维护提供依据。     

Fuzzy Economic Order Quantity Inventory Models Without Backordering

In economic order quantity models without backordering, both the stock cost of each unit quantity and the order cost of each cycle are characterized as independent fuzzy variables rather than fuzzy numbers as in previous studies. Based on an expected value criterion or a credibility criterion, a fuzzy expected value model and a fuzzy dependent chance programming (DCP) model are constructed. The purpose of the fuzzy expected value model is to find the optimal order quantity such that the fuzzy expected value of the total cost is minimal. The fuzzy DCP model is used to find the optimal order quantity for maximizing the credibility of an event such that the total cost in the planning periods does not exceed a certain budget level. Fuzzy simulations are designed to calculate the expected value of the fuzzy objective function and the credibility of each fuzzy event. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm based on a fuzzy simulation is designed, by integrating the fuzzy simulation and the PSO algorithm. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed algorithm.     

异步轧制无取向硅钢的再结晶织构演变

在无取向硅钢冷轧过程中采用同步轧制和速比为1.06,1.125,1.19的异步轧制,以考察异步轧制对冷轧和再结晶织构的影响.研究发现,异步轧制减弱冷轧织构中{001}～{112}〈110〉组分,增强{111}〈112〉并减弱{111}〈110〉组分.{111}〈112〉和{111}～{225}〈110〉形变晶粒内剪切带处分别形成η(〈001〉∥RD)及偏离其15°的η′(Ψ=75°,θ=0～45°,φ=0°)再结晶晶粒,η′因晶核尺寸优势发展成为主要织构组分.异步轧制下形变织构的变化有利于改善再结晶织构特征及性能,其影响随速比增大而增强.     

Maintenance Policy for Multi-Component System with Fuzzy Lifetimes

The application of possibility theory to maintenance policies is proposed in this paper. The lifetime of a component is modeled as a fuzzy variable. Two types of replacement policies-block replacement and age replacement with fuzzy lifetimes are investigated. The theorems show that the long-run average fuzzy reward per unit time in both policies is just the expected cost per unit of time. In order to solve the proposed models,a hybrid intelligent algorithm is employed. Finally, numerical examples are provided for the sake of illustration.     

带框矩阵及其在图论中的应用

本文提出带框矩阵及其乘法.在图论中,用带框矩阵乘法可充分必要地判定与求出某图是否存在Euler 通路或环路,是否存在Hamil-ton 通路或环路.定义1 矩阵A~k=(a_i~kj)_(m×n)的带框矩阵记为A~k,表示为:     

一类新的模糊约束满足问题的建模与求解

从模糊理论的角度讨论了软约束满足问题,即把约束中带有不确定性的参数刻画为模糊变量,定义了一类新的模糊约束满足问题(FCSP).然后,利用可信性测度度量该类问题中约束成立的可能性,并以所有约束的联合可信性作为目标函数,从而将FCSP问题转化为无约束优化问题.利用模糊模拟技术来估计目标函数中模糊事件的可信性,在此基础上设计了基于模糊模拟的猴群算法用来对无约束优化问题进行求解,以便获得原FCSP问题的约束一致解.最后,给出了数值例子来说明上述方法的可行性和有效性.     

Fuzzy Programming Models for Vendor Selection Problem in a Supply Chain

This paper characterizes quality, budget, and demand as fuzzy variables in a fuzzy vendor selection expected value model and a fuzzy vendor selection chance-constrained programming model, to maximize the total quality level. The two models have distinct advantages over existing methods for selecting vendors in fuzzy environments. A genetic algorithm based on fuzzy simulations is designed to solve these two models. Numerical examples show the effectiveness of the algorithm.     

矿床专家系统WOLTIN

本文以介绍我们研制的花岗岩内生钨锡矿地质专家系统的知识库结构和推理控制结构为主,同时简要地介绍了系统的解释功能,并讨论了该系统研制中遇到的一些特殊问题。