东北某污水处理厂各流程出水中污染物时空分布特征

为研究污水处理厂对有机污染物的去除效能,对我国北方某市的污水处理厂进行了1年的调查分析,考察了其各工艺出水中有机污染物的时空分布特征.结果表明:该污水处理厂采用A/O处理工艺处理后,除冬季出水氮磷略高,全年其它时间出水基本满足国家污水一级排放标准.采用气相色谱-质谱联用对有机物的检测分析结果表明,经过二级生物处理后,有机污染物种类有所减少,但仍含有较大量有机污染物,需采取有效的深度处理措施以减少中水排放对受纳水体的影响并保障水源水质的安全性.     

Influencing Factors of Ammonium Nitrogen Removal by Composite Phosphate and Magnesium

It is necessary to adjust reaction pH when a single kind of PO43is used as phosphorus source to remove NH4 - N in a chemical precipitation process. However, this tedious step could be avoided in experiments that use the buffering effect of the composite phosphate and employ PO43and HPO42as phosphorus sources, pH was controlled by properly changing the proportion of PO43to HPO42-. The influences of pH, material proportion and different addition modes of magnesium on NH4 -N removal efficiency were investigated, with NH4 -N concentration in influent being 200 mg/L. It showed that the ratio of HPO42: PO43was concerned with phosphorus and NH4 -N removal. Under the condition that the total amount of phosphate is definite, the removal efficiency of NH4 -N decreased with the enhancement of HPO42concentration, while the efficiency of phosphorus increased. When increasing PO43concentration, it benefited the removal of NH4 -N, but the remaining phosphorus was high. The results showed that NH4 -N concentration decreased from the initial 200 mg/L to 39.14 mg/L with the remaining PO43at 5.14 mg/L if the ratio of HPO42: PO43remained at 1 : 3.     

固定化复合耐冷菌特性和效能研究

通过活性污泥在低温(4-8℃)下的驯化、培养和分离,得到6株低温耐冷菌.采用固定化技术将其固定在聚氨酯填料上.提高了生物法处理低温生活污水的效率,COD去除率提高了30%.同时解决了常规固定化颗粒易破碎而无法实现工程应用的问题.通过对耐冷菌生物膜生物量和酶活性分析,探讨了固定化混合耐冷菌处理低温废水的机理.     

固定化耐冷菌用于内循环复合生物反应器处理生活污水及其微生物学研究

为确保寒冷地区污水生物处理系统的有效运行, 分离出了6株高效冷适应微生物, 并鉴定分别隶属于动胶菌属、气单胞菌属、黄杆菌属、微球菌属、芽孢杆菌属、假单胞菌属. 混合耐冷菌在低温条件下COD去除效率比中温菌高出63.67%, 以软性聚氨酯泡沫为载体固定高活性耐冷菌, 用于内循环复合生物反应器(ICCBR). 以生活污水为研究对象, 通过12个月的试验室小试, 考察了ICCBR对生活污水的处理效能, 生态因子的影响, 污泥的理化特性, 及系统内的微生物生态. 结果表明: ICCBR系统在冬季4~10℃条件下的COD平均去除率为85.79%, 全年COD平均去除率为86.66%, 系统出水COD低于60 mg·L^-1, 达到污水一级B排放标准. 季节性的温度变化使得系统内的生物种类和数量发生变化, 原后生动物的数量从夏季的110000±30000微生物·mL^-1污泥减少到冬季的35000±20000微生物·mL^-1污泥, 生物膜重量也呈现出先增长后略有降低的趋势.