微观剩余油赋存状态的矿物学机制探讨——以鄂尔多斯盆地中部中‒低渗砂岩储层为例

针对现阶段微观剩余油研究中可视化精度低、微观剩余油与矿物之间的依存关系不明确以及形态分类描述不完善等问题, 利用岩芯观察、铸体薄片分析、X射线衍射分析等手段, 以场发射环境扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)图像为基础资料, 联合能谱(EDS)分析资料, 研究鄂尔多斯盆地中部长2油层组和长9油层组的微观剩余油分布规律, 并探讨剩余油赋存状态的矿物学机制。结果表明, 微观剩余油的赋存状态由孔隙的大小和形态以及与孔隙相接触的边缘矿物的性质共同决定, 不同类型孔隙对剩余油的赋存能力取决于孔隙边缘矿物的形态、表面粗糙程度、比重和润湿性等物理化学性质。据此, 可将微观剩余油分为残留油团、半自由油岛、半自由油雾、半自由微油团和束缚油5个类型。     

Adaptive Control of the Structural Balance for a Class of Complex Dynamical Networks

In social networks, the structural balance is a state of a group of individuals(nodes) with established mutual relationships(connection relationships) between them. It is easy to see that a social network can be described by a complex dynamical network model composed of the nodes subsystem(NS) and the connection relationships subsystem(CS), where the two subsystems are usually coupled with each other. It implies that the dynamic changes of nodes' states may cause the structural balance in CS. However, few papers have discussed the relationship between the structural balance and the specific dynamic changes of the nodes' states. This paper proposes a model of complex dynamical networks, and mainly focuses on the dynamic changes of states in NS which can lead to the structural balance in CS. It is proved that if each state in NS is doing a specific dynamic motion via the controller with the parameter adaptive law, then the CS can track a given structural balance matrix via the effective coupling and the structural balance can be achieved. Such a result can be regarded as an explanation of the relationship between the structural balance and the specific dynamic changes of the nodes' states. Finally, the simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

A study on the effect of the bacterial inoculant on corn silage quality,digestibility and performance in dairy cattle

Effect of the bacterial inoculant Sil-All (short for ‘ SA‘ ) on corn silage quality, digestibility and performance in dairy cattle was studied. SA treated silage resulted in the higher level of retained protein and slightly higher level of residual sugars in that treatment, the better digestibility of the neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and the acid detergent fibre (ADF), the lower pH and evolution of ammonia compared to the control; The fall in pH was most rapid in the SA treated silage in the first 4 days of ensilage, when it matters most for the conservation of protein, compared with the control silage and this was linked more to both lactic and total acids. Both volatile fatty acid (VFA) and lactate content increased with ensiling time, increase degree reached up near 100%; Lactate content in treatment silage was higher than that in the control, and this difference was all maintained at the level of approximately 7% - 13% almost in all cases, at length, up 16% in the case of day 15; pH value decreased with ensiling time. Moreover, pH value in most of treatment were lower than that in the control ; The digestibility of both dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) was appreciably improved by the use of inoculant SA. Also, in relation to reductions, of NDF and ADF were noted. An increase in milk yield of the order of 0.9kg per head per day in favour of SA was observed. Alternatively, with an average daily feed intake of 20kg, this indicates with 1 ton of corn silage milk yield could be increased by 46.5kg.     

基于阈值优化的CDRM-SVM入侵检测算法

为了提高中心距离比值法预选取支撑矢量的效率,降低支撑矢量机的训练时间,引入自适应动态克隆算法对中心距离比值法的阈值进行优化,并将该算法应用于入侵检测中,提出了基于阈值优化的CDRM-SVM入侵检测算法.算法首先利用自适应动态克隆算法对中心距离比值法中的阈值进行优化,获得理想的阈值,从而可以提取出包含全部支撑矢量的边界矢量集,然后使用边界矢量集代替训练样本集进行支持矢量机的训练,大幅度减少了训练样本的数量,使支持矢量机的训练速度显著提高.同时,由于边界矢量集中包含了支撑矢量,因此,支撑矢量机的分类能力没有受到影响.采用KDDCUP 99数据集进行试验,试验结果表明:与传统方法相比,在保证性能的情况下,所提算法能够有效地降低支持向量机的训练时间.     

基于STIRPAT模型的京津冀“碳达峰”预测研究

为了解决京津冀地区碳排放量达峰问题,以河北省为例,研究京津冀碳排放达峰实现路径,对京津冀未来的碳排放量进行预测分析,建立以河北省2004—2021年碳排放相关数据为基础的STIRPAT碳排放预测拓展模型。设置了6个情景,通过综合考虑人口规模、人均GDP、城镇化率、产业结构、能源强度、能源结构数据的变化速度,模拟不同情景下京津冀2022—2040年的碳排放趋势,进而预测京津冀三地的“碳达峰”时间与碳排放峰值。结果表明：北京除清洁发展情景是在2030年达峰,其余情景均在2035年达到峰值;天津除经济放缓情景是在2030年达峰,其余情景均在2035年实现“碳达峰”;河北除基准情景在2035年达峰外,其余情景均是在2030年达到峰值。所提的碳排放预测拓展模型在考虑多情景分析下,就京津冀地区如何控制和减少碳排放量提出相关建议,可为京津冀低碳经济的发展提供一定的参考依据。     

聚钛氨烷－钯配合物催化卤代苯双羰基化合成α－酮酰胺的研究

报道了以二氧化硅为担载的聚钛氨烷－钯配合物（Ｔｉ－Ｎ－Ｐｄ）的合成和其对卤代苯双羰基化合成α－酮酰胺反应的催化作用。在一氧化碳压力为３．０ＭＰａ，１００℃下反应６ｈ，碘苯转化率达１００％，双羰化产物（ＰｈＣＯＣＯＮＥｔ２）选择性高于９０％。且催化剂易与反应产物分离和重复使用，经回收使用１０次，催化剂的活性和选择性基本保持不变。     

毛竹枯梢病的发生发展规律研究

通过人工接种和野外定点试验，竹喙球菌（Ceratosphaeria phyllostachydis)在福建能以菌丝、子囊孢子及分生孢子三种形态越冬。1-3级感病侧枝上形成的有性子实体是主要的初侵染原，子囊孢子萌发后从伤口或自然孔口侵入当年新竹，它主要靠雨水溅散作用传播。在整个生长季节都能释放子囊孢子，以5-7月份释放量最多。温度、降雨量和降雨日是影响病害发生发展的主要因素。6月下旬出现症状，8月上旬至9月上旬为发病盛期，10月下旬以后基体停止信展，病菌进入越冬，毛竹枯梢病是一种具有多侵染点的病害。     

Enhancement of tribological properties in siliconized graphite via hierarchically hybrid SiC/C composite

This study aims to investigate tribological properties in a siliconized graphite(СГ-П-0.5) and hierarchically hybrid Si C/C composites at the load ranging from 10-40 N under dry air/water lubrication conditions. A feasible liquid silicon infiltration(LSI) was used to fabricate the Si C/C composites. Morphology and phase identification of two materials were characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS). An image feature extraction was used to post-process the data of wear test, further to gain the wear properties of the samples. The results demonstrated that a lower coefficient of friction(COF) and wear rate can be achieved in the LSI Si C composites than that in the sample of СГ-П-0.5. Both COF decreased under waterlubricated conditions, compared with that under the dry air lubrication. The excellent tribological properties in two materials can be due mainly to the microstructure of the СГ-П-0.5 sample, showing much more graphite and Si dispersed on the matrix. The СГ-П-0.5 sample indicated the typical oxidative wear mechanism, whereas, the sample of LSI Si C demonstrated the combined oxidative and fatigue wear. This finding can provide a promising new siliconized graphite materials for ceramic rolling bearings.     

婴儿皮肤组织成纤维细胞系的建立及生物学特性

采集婴儿皮肤组织,用组织块法制备原代细胞,通过差速消化和差速贴壁法纯化细胞,扩大培养至第3代液氮冻存,复苏细胞后进行活力、形态、生长曲线、微生物污染、核型、乳酸脱氢同工酶谱及荧光蛋白质粒转染表达等特性研究.结果显示,婴儿皮肤组织细胞呈成纤维型,生长状态良好;生长曲线呈"S"型,最大增值浓度为1.64×105/mL,倍增时间为63.12 h;细菌、真菌、支原体检测均为阴性;染色体2n=46,二倍体为86%,占主体;乳酸脱氢酶同工酶电泳图谱显示有5条谱带;外源质粒在该细胞中能进行复制和表达.表明已成功建立了婴儿皮肤组织成纤维细胞系,这为复合人工皮肤的组织工程学研究奠定了前期工作基础,也为皮肤相关疾病的研究提供了实验条件,因而具有重要的理论和实践意义.     

合成对乙酰氨基苯磺酰氯的新工艺

为了减少氯磺酸的用量,提高对乙酰氨基苯磺酰氯(P ASC)的收率,提出一种新的 P ASC合成工艺,即溶剂法 ClSO3H/PCl5联合氯磺化生产工艺.以乙酰苯胺为原料,通过氯磺酸磺化、五氯化磷氯化,合成 P ASC.在氯磺化过程中引入溶剂,并在反应后期加入助剂,用正交实验确定了最佳的反应条件及原料配比:n(乙酰苯胺)∶n(氯磺酸)∶n(五氯化磷)∶n(助剂)=1.0∶2.0~2.3∶1.0~1.3∶0.1.实验结果表明:新工艺降低了氯磺酸的用量58%,且相同成本条件下的收率比传统工艺提高10~12%