桥头跳车对行车安全性影响的模糊评价

桥头跳车现象严重影响了高等级公路行车的舒适性与安全性,目前尚无可行的指标或方法来评价桥头跳车对于行车安全性的影响.从道路和环境这些影响行车安全的基本因素出发,提出了桥头跳车对行车安全性影响的评价指标,并且基于层次分析法和模糊综合评价法建立了桥头跳车对行车安全性影响的评估模型.采用Matlab软件结合其GUI功能,开发了人性化的行车安全评估系统,并对实际的桥头环境进行了评估,它为桥头跳车对行车安全的影响评估提供了一种新方法,具有较好的应用价值与使用效果.     

非饱和土壤季节性冻融过程的仿真分析

建立了农田在自然条件下的垂向一维冻土-非冻土系统的水热耦合迁移模型,采用Newton-Naphson迭代法进行求解,通过模拟与实测结果对比,取得较好效果,验证了模型的可用性。在此基础上用该模型对季节性冻融期土壤冻融过程进行了仿真分析,研究了土壤季节性冻融特点,探讨了影响土壤冻融过程的主要因素,即气温和累积负温,仿真结果可为冬春作物的播种、预防冻害等提供科学依据。

Abstract：

A coupled moisture and heat transfer model for natural farmland in one-dimensional vertical frozen-unfrozen soil system was established,and Newton-Naphson iterative technique was used to solve the model.Better results were got through the comparison of simulated and measured results which verified the model＇s availability.Based on this,the model was used to emulate the process of soil freezing and thawing in seasonal freezing and thawing period,and the soil’s seasonal freezing and thawing characteristics was researched,and then the air temperature and soil cumulative negative temperature two main factors were investigated which effected process of soil freezing and thawing.Results of emulation can provide a scientific basis for winter or spring crops sowing and preventing crops from freeze injury.