Structural and expressional analysis of a cDNA that expresses predominantly in rice stamens

The development of stamen is an important stage during the sexual reproduction in higher plants. Studying the genes that predominantly or even specifically expressed in stamens will aid in undestanding the molecular mechanism of stamen development. The structure of a rice CHS-like gene (D5) which predominantly expressed in anthers has been analysised, showing high structural similarity with two other anther-specific genes (A1 and BA42) fromBrassica napus. Northern analysis also reveals that the three genes share a similar expression pattern and that the expression of D5 may relate to the early development of pollens. It is concluded that D5, A1 and BA42 represent a group of diverged CHS-like genes which are related to stamen development.     

Comparative physical mapping of rice BAC clones linked to resistance genes Glh,Bph-3 and xa-5 in Oryza sativa L. and O. granulata Nees et Arn. ex Watt.

Oryza granulata Nees et Arn. ex Watt. is one of the three wild relatives of rice,which are the most valuable for study and utilization in China.In this study,the homology and physical locations of three rice resistance genes,Glh,Bph-3 and xa-5 are comparatively analyzed between O.sativa and O. granulata by Southern blotting and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).The results of Southern blotting indicate that there exist homologous sequences of the tested RFLP markers in O. granulata.By using three bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones scanned by the tested RFLP as probes, FISH signals are detected on both mitotic and pachytene chromosomes in O.sativa and O.granulata.Dual-color FISH demonstrates that two of the three BAC clones (14E16 and 38J9) are located on the short arm of the same chromosome pair in O. granulata. Additionally, colinearity is shown for the two clones between O.sativa and O.granulata. Another BAC clone 44B4 is located on the end of the short arm of other chromosome pair in these two species.Although the phylogenetic relationship between O.sativa and O.granulata is the most distinct in Oryza and these two species have evidently different biological features and ecological habits, the relative lengths and arm ratios of the detected chromosomes and the relative positions of the tested clone signals on chromosomes in O. granulata are quite similar to those in O. sativa.     

锂-空气电池研究进展

 锂-空气电池是通过金属锂与空气中的O₂反应产生电能,它的理论比容量高达3828mAh/g,在电动汽车等领域展现出重要的应用前景。本文综述了近年来锂-空气电池领域的最新研究进展,对有机体系、有机-水混合体系与固态体系三类锂-空气电池的结构与原理进行了分析。总结了有机体系的多孔碳空气电极、催化剂、电解液等方面的研究工作。多孔碳的孔容是决定空气电极比容量最重要的结构参数,具有高孔容的多孔碳可以为放电过程中生成的氧化锂提供更多的储存空间,从而表现出高的比容量,多孔碳的比表面积与平均孔径对比容量也有重要的影响;合适的电催化剂可以有效的降低氧还原反应与析氧反应的过电压,从而提高能量效率;具有高极性、低黏度、低吸湿性、高溶解氧的电解液有利于改善电池的相关性能。总结了有机-水混合体系的隔膜、电解液等方面的研究工作。对有机相与水相电解液均具有良好抗化学腐蚀性的超级锂离子导通玻璃膜是目前有机-水混合体系研究的关键。总结了固态体系最新的研究进展。此外,展望了锂-空气电池领域今后的发展方向。     

篮球教练员的训练热情与训练效应

蓝球运动训练是一项综合系统工程。在这一过程中，教练员的参与起主导作用。受控对象的效能反应与教练员的训练效果相辅相承。教练过程是教练员依据训练计划、训练学原则对运动员实施有效控制的过程。教练员的训练热情直接影响运动员的情绪和参与强度。这是训练过程中不可忽视的要素。     

Effects of medium nutrition on cell growth and isocamptothecin A and B production by suspension cell culture of Camptotheca acuminata

The effects of initial sucrose concentration, nitrate to ammonium ratio, total N concentration and phosphate concentration in medium on cell growth and isocamptothecin A and B synthesis by suspension call culture of Camptotheca acuminata were investigated in 250 mL shake flasks. 30 g L^-1 sucrose concentration was beneficial to secondary metabolites synthesis. The cell growth and metabolites synthesis were also affected by the ratio of NO3^-/NH4^＋ , and nitrate was tavourable for cell growth. The maximum dry weight was achieved when nitrate was used as the sole N souree. The effect of total initial N on the cell cultures was also investigated with NO3^-/NH4^＋ ratio of 1 ： 2. The final dry cell weight was similar throughout culture period and 50 mM initial N was favourable for secondary metabolite synthesis. 50 mM initial phosphate concentration facilitated both cell growth and secondary metabolites synthesis.     

玉米花粉无性系分化能力的变化和染色体数目的不稳定性

胚性细胞在胚性细胞团、胚状体和再生植株的根部均可以发生。在胚性细胞团表面产生的胚性细胞发育成新的胚性细胞团,在胚性细胞团内部产生的胚性细胞形成许多细胞分裂中心,由这些分裂中心进一步发育成新的胚性细胞团。新的胚性细胞团即可以保持分化能力,也可能丧失分化能力。胚性细胞发育成胚状体的过程与玉米合子胚的形成基本相似。成熟胚状体具有胚芽、胚根、盾片等结构。无性系胚性细胞团具有染色体数目不同的细胞壤嵌存在的特性。由胚性细胞团中的胚性细胞发育成的胚状体,其整倍体细胞占优势,而在丧失正常分化能力的细胞团中,非整倍体细胞占优势。     

基于Hopfield网络的彩色图像混沌加密算法

一般混沌图像加密, 都是对图像的整体像素置乱处理, 其抵抗明文攻击能力较差。为此, 提出基于离散Hopfield神经网络的彩色图象混沌加密算法。该算法采用自治三维混沌系统对彩色图像单像素比特位进行加密操作, 通过利用三维混沌序列的其中一维置乱图像R\,G\,B分量的像素位置, 用另外两维序列设置置乱每个像素比特位的权值和阈值, 从而改变彩色图像各分量像素的位置和像素值, 达到有效加密的效果。理论分析和实验结果表明, 该单像素加密算法可有效抵抗差分攻击, 使反馈密文提高了像素置乱效果, 并具有良好的加密效果和保密性。     

关于当代大学生阅读推广的调查与对策研究

从阅读倾向、阅读方式、阅读问题、阅读目的和阅读习惯等方面,调查了当代大学生的阅读现状,找出了存在的问题和原因,根据研究结果,从图书馆的馆藏资源建设、硬件设备、延伸服务等角度,探讨了如何挖掘图书馆的能动效应以推广大学生的阅读活动的问题,并提出了合理化的对策和建议。