学术会议质量综合评价研究及实践

学术会议活动在国家创新体系建设、学科交流与发展、科研人员成长过程中扮演着极为重要的角色.针对传统学术会议质量评价方法中存在的学术性要素不突出、适用领域狭窄等问题,提出了一种综合采用参会者定性反馈、会议定量特征分析、会议影响力大数据分析等评价信息源的质量评价框架,并对2018年举办的700余场国内学术会议开展了质量综合评价实践.结果 表明,中国学术会议呈规模持续增长、内容质控愈发严格、互动交流效果进一步突出、成果类型及传播方式进一步丰富等趋势,但不同学科、不同规模学术会议间质量差异较为显著,不同职称、不同国籍参会者对会议质量的感知存在明显差别.根据评价结果,从面向参会者诉求、优化会议组织及完善学会机制建设等方面提出了学术会议的质量提升建议.     

打造新时代创新策源地——以湖北科技特派员制度为例

湖北省多年来深入推行科技特派员制度,在全国科技特派员制度推行和科技服务的伟大实践中拼搏奋进,从启动科技特派员地市试点工作,到全面开展科技特派员基层创业行动,从出台深入推行科技特派员制度实施意见,到开展湖北省科技特派员"百县千镇万人"工程实施,围绕产业链布局人才链的科技生态日臻完善.科技特派员个人、团队和法人单位点面结合,工作室与工作站交相辉映,他们立足湖北服务华中片区和秦巴山区,辐射服务全国各地,湖北科技特派员的服务足迹遍布荆楚星辰大地,谱写着新时代湖北科技特派员服务体系的新篇章.     

基于知识图谱的核电设备健康管理知识建模与分析

随着信息技术发展,设备健康数据与知识图谱技术结合为设备健康发展带来新的发展机遇,知识图谱利用其多种特异性优势,使企业系统中积累的海量设备维修数据得到有效整合利用.本文提出基于知识图谱的核电设备健康管理知识建模与分析方法,并根据实体关系模型构建维修知识图谱本体框架,同时基于核电企业实际的维修工单数据,从统计分析和关联分析两方面取得良好的实践效果.研究结果表明,知识图谱能够在设备维修知识的集成上解决传统的数据孤岛问题,同时能基于故障的可视化分析为维修人员和管理人员提供决策和知识支持.     

基于信息化知识管理系统的中医拔尖人才培养模式

中医拔尖人才的培养是新时期中医院校和中医医院发展的"核心竞争力",信息化知识管理系统是运用信息技术将名老中医的隐性知识转化为显性知识,利用网络存储、系统开发、资源共享的便捷性探索适用面更广、形式更灵活多样、可操作性更强的中医拔尖人才培养模式.     

Controllability of Quantum Systems with SU(1, 1) Dynamical Symmetry

This paper presents sufficient and necessary conditions for the propagator controllability of a class of infinite-dimensional quantum systems with SU(1, 1) dynamical symmetry through the isomorphic mapping to the non-unitary representation of SU(1, 1). The authors prove that the elliptic condition of the total Hamiltonian is both necessary and sufficient for the controllability and strong controllability. The obtained results can be also extended to control systems with SO(2, 1) dynamical symmetry.     

Blockage of the NLRP3 inflammasome by MCC950 improves anti-tumor immune responses in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical innate immune pathway responsible for producing active interleukin (IL)-1β, which is associated with tumor development and immunity. However, the mechanisms regulating the inflammatory microenvironment, tumorigenesis and tumor immunity are unclear. Herein, we show that the NLRP3 inflammasome was over-expressed in human HNSCC tissues and that the IL-1β concentration was increased in the peripheral blood of HNSCC patients. Additionally, elevated NLRP3 inflammasome levels were detected in tumor tissues of Tgfbr1/Pten 2cKO HNSCC mice, and elevated IL-1β levels were detected in the peripheral blood serum, spleen, draining lymph nodes and tumor tissues. Blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation using MCC950 remarkably reduced IL-1β production in an HNSCC mouse model and reduced the numbers of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Moreover, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation increased the numbers of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in HNSCC mice. Notably, the numbers of exhausted PD-1⁺ and Tim3⁺ T cells were significantly reduced. A human HNSCC tissue microarray showed that NLRP3 inflammasome expression was correlated with the expression of CD8 and CD4, the Treg marker Foxp3, the MDSC markers CD11b and CD33, and the TAM markers CD68 and CD163, PD-1 and Tim3. Overall, our results demonstrate that the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway promotes tumorigenesis in HNSCC and inactivation of this pathway delays tumor growth, accompanied by decreased immunosuppressive cell accumulation and an increased number of effector T cells. Thus, inhibition of the tumor microenvironment through the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β pathway may provide a novel approach for HNSCC therapy.     

Microsatellite instability in gastric cancer: molecular bases,clinical perspectives,and new treatment approaches

Gastric cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies, with limited treatment options in both locally advanced and metastatic setting, resulting in poor prognosis. Based on genomic characterization, stomach tumour has recently been described as a heterogeneous disease composed by different subtypes, each of them with peculiar molecular aspects and specific clinical behaviour. With an incidence of 22% among all western gastric tumour cases, stomach cancer with microsatellite instability was identified as one of these subgroups. Retrospective studies and limited prospective trials reported differences between gastric cancers with microsatellite stability and those with instability, mainly concerning clinical and pathological features, but also in regard to immunological microenvironment, correlation with prognostic value, and responses to treatment. In particular, gastric cancer with microsatellite instability constitutes a small but relevant subgroup associated with older age, female sex, distal stomach location, and lower number of lymph-node metastases. Emerging data attribute to microsatellite instability status a favourable prognostic meaning, whereas the poor outcomes reported after perioperative chemotherapy administration suggest a detrimental role of cytotoxic drugs in this gastric cancer subgroup. The strong immunogenicity and the widespread expression of immune-checkpoint ligands make microsatellite instability subtype more vulnerable to immunotherapeutic approach, e.g., with anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA4 antibodies. Since gastric cancer with microsatellite instability shows specific features and clinical behaviour not overlapping with microsatellite stable disease, microsatellite instability test might be suitable for inclusion in a diagnostic setting for all tumour stages to guarantee the most targeted and effective treatment to every patient.     

时标轴上二阶Dirichlet边值问题的弱解（英文）

采用变分方法和临界点理论研究一个时标轴上二阶Dirichlet边值问题弱解的存在性.     

(2+1)维KD方程组的一类非亚纯行波解

通过行波变换将(2+1)维KD方程组转变为复域中的常微分方程,给出复合的(2+1)维KD方程组2(wk-3l2+3ak2 C1)u=2k4 u″-k2 a2 u3+(6k2b-3kal)u2+C2,v=lku+C1的一类非亚纯解的结构.