基于区间直觉模糊数的得分函数与精确函数及其应用

在模糊决策理论中，区间直觉模糊数的排序是一个非常重要的理论问题.运用得分函数和精确函数对区间直觉模糊数进行有效排序的关键是得分函数和精确函数的科学构建.本文基于得分函数和精确函数的内涵，运用概率论全概率公式思想提出了新的得分函数和精确函数，并证明了其公理化的性质.通过大量的实际数据测算与比较分析，验证了本文提出的得分函数和精确函数的科学性，从而在对区间直觉模糊数排序时更有效、更准确.     

Intermittent demand forecasting in the Enterprise: Empirical verification

Forecasting methods are often valued by means of simulation studies. For intermittent demand items there are often very few non–zero observations, so it is hard to check any assumptions, because statistical information is often too weak to determine, for example, distribution of a variable. Therefore, it seems important to verify the forecasting methods on the basis of real data. The main aim of the article is an empirical verification of several forecasting methods applicable in case of intermittent demand. Some items are sold only in specific subperiods (in given month in each year, for example), but most forecasting methods (such as Croston's method) give non–zero forecasts for all periods. For example, summer work clothes should have non–zero forecasts only for summer months and many methods will usually provide non–zero forecasts for all months under consideration. This was the motivation for proposing and testing a new forecasting technique which can be applicable to seasonal items. In the article six methods were applied to construct separate forecasting systems: Croston's, SBA (Syntetos–Boylan Approximation), TSB (Teunter, Syntetos, Babai), MA (Moving Average), SES (Simple Exponential Smoothing) and SESAP (Simple Exponential Smoothing for Analogous subPeriods). The latter method (SESAP) is an author's proposal dedicated for companies facing the problem of seasonal items. By analogous subperiods the same subperiods in each year are understood, for example, the same months in each year. A data set from the real company was used to apply all the above forecasting procedures. That data set contained monthly time series for about nine thousand products. The forecasts accuracy was tested by means of both parametric and non–parametric measures. The scaled mean and the scaled root mean squared error were used to check biasedness and efficiency. Also, the mean absolute scaled error and the shares of best forecasts were estimated. The general conclusion is that in the analyzed company a forecasting system should be based on two forecasting methods: TSB and SESAP, but the latter method should be applied only to seasonal items (products sold only in specific subperiods). It also turned out that Croston's and SBA methods work worse than much simpler methods, such as SES or MA. The presented analysis might be helpful for enterprises facing the problem of forecasting intermittent items (and seasonal intermittent items as well).     

改进的非参数 Ce ns us 变换立体匹配算法

针对多数立体匹配算法的相似性测度都建立在像素灰度特性基础上, 无法彻底消除匹配差异性, 易出现歧异性的问题, 提出一种改进的非参数Census变换匹配算法. 该算法通过在传统非参数Census匹配过程中增加局部纹理反差值测度, 引入图像纹理度量的方向性, 使中心像素灰度值不再是唯一决定因素, 改进了匹配模版, 从而有效解决了传统匹配算法的歧异性问题. 实验结果表明, 改进算法是一种有效、 合理的立体匹配方法, 提高了稠密匹配精度.     

基于GPS的物联网智能终端定位技术研究与应用

对基于GPS全球定位系统及其地面接收模块的终端节点定位技术进行了研究,并将其用于物联网智能终端定位系统的开发与应用。该技术实现对物联网终端节点所处位置实时定位,并且还提供各智能终端定位所需的统一基准时间,可用于实现物联网中任何两个智能终端节点之间任何时间、任何地点的连接。此外,它还可以应用于动态组建大范围无线传感器网络。     

基于成像算子优化的微震逆时定位方法

针对目前微震逆时定位成像存在的问题,提出一种优化后的成像算子,对模型数据进行抗噪性、误差速度以及检波器分布和数量进行测试,并提出采用峰度值作为定位成像结果的评价标准。结果表明,优化后的成像条件在定位能量聚焦程度和成像分辨率上都得到了提升,对含速度误差和含噪微震数据都有较好的成像结果,并且对检波器的分布和数量有较好的适应性,取得了较为理想的定位效果。     

Predicting exchange rates in Asia: New insights on the accuracy of survey forecasts

By linking measures of forecast accuracy as well as testing procedures with regard to forecast rationality this paper investigates aggregated survey forecasts with forecast horizons of 3, 12, and 24 months for the exchange rates of the Chinese yuan, the Hong Kong dollar, the Japanese yen, and the Singapore dollar vis-à-vis the US dollar and, hence, for four different currency regimes. The rationality of the exchange rate predictions is initially assessed utilizing tests for unbiasedness and efficiency which indicate that the investigated forecasts are irrational in the sense that the predictions are biased. As one major contribution of this paper, it is subsequently shown that these results are not consistent with an alternative, less restrictive, measure of rationality. Investigating the order of integration of the time series as well as cointegrating relationships, this empirical evidence supports the conclusion that the majority of forecasts are in fact rational. Regarding forerunning properties of the predictions, the results are rather mediocre, with shorter term forecasts for the tightly managed USD/CNY FX regime being one exception. As one additional important and novel evaluation result, it can be concluded, that the currency regime matters for the quality of exchange rate forecasts.     

基于因子图的协同定位与误差估计算法

针对多自主水下航行器协同定位系统中从艇的数据融合问题,首先建立了协同定位系统的数学模型,然后分析了速度误差及航向误差对从艇定位误差的影响,同时设计了协同定位及误差估计的因子图模型。接着,提出了基于高斯噪声的协同定位及误差估计算法,利用均值和方差在因子图各节点间传递完成对从艇位置、速度误差和航向误差的估计。为了验证算法的有效性,通过仿真实验和实船试验的离线数据对协同定位及误差估计算法进行验证。结果表明,所提算法可以有效降低从艇的定位误差,在从艇自主定位时尤其明显,大幅提高了从艇的导航定位能力。     

工业机器人绝对定位误差补偿技术研究进展

 针对航空制造业中工业机器人存在实际位姿与理论位姿偏差的问题，分析了工业机器人绝对定位误差来源，解析其对飞机零部件连接性能产生的影响，在工业机器人绝对定位误差补偿原理和主要步骤分析基础上，阐述运动学建模、位姿测量、运动学参数误差辨识以及误差补偿等关键步骤对工业机器人绝对定位误差补偿的作用及重要性，对比分析了国内外学者在该步骤中涉及的主流算法和技术，归纳总结各步骤中存在的问题和可能的解决方案，探讨了工业机器人离线与在线误差补偿技术中的不足之处，指出工业机器人绝对定位误差补偿技术的发展趋势。     

基于蓝牙4.0的室内定位及信息服务应用模型研究

分析了目前基于蓝牙4.0的室内定位技术,提出了通用的室内定位应用模型.该通用模型中包含多个模块,数据管理、服务管理、应用管理等内容可以基于室内定位实现,而室内定位依赖于蓝牙4.0来提高准确性和可连接性.针对利用该模型进行信息服务进行了分析研究,提出了利用蓝牙4.0来实现室内定位及信息服务的一种方法.