Numerical investigation on heat transfer characterization of liquid lithium metal in pipe

Liquid Li metal is a promising nuclear reactor coolant; however, relevant research regarding its heat transfer characteristics remains insufficient. In this study, a steady-state two-dimensional mathematical model is established to describe the heat transfer process of liquid Li in a straight pipe. A numerical analysis is conducted to investigate the effects of inlet velocity, inlet temperature, and wall heat flux on heat transfer in liquid Li. The results indicate the advantage of using liquid Li for improving heat transfer at high inlet temperatures (> 1000 K) compared with using liquid sodium and lead–bismuth eutectic. Considering the mechanism of the outlet radial heat flow model, the ratio of turbulent to molecular diffusion coefficients presents a parabolic distribution along the radius of the pipe. Increasing the inlet velocity, decreasing the inlet temperature, and decreasing the wall heat flux can effectively weaken the dominant role of molecular heat transfer owing to the low Prandtl number of liquid Li. The heat transfer of liquid Li is investigated comprehensively in this study, and the results provide a basis for the practical application of liquid Li as a promising coolant.     

基于作战环的不同节点攻击策略下的作战网络效能评估

基于作战环思想, 以作战网络抽象模型为基础, 围绕作战环的分类、定义、形式化描述、数学模型等基本问题开展了理论研究, 进一步丰富了作战环理论体系。同时, 以能否快速有效打击对方目标实体为根本依据, 建立了基于目标节点打击率和基于目标节点打击效率的作战网络效能评估指标。通过仿真实验, 将作战环相关理论运用于不同节点攻击策略下的作战网络效能评估, 为实际作战体系对抗中双方的攻击与防护提供应用指导, 也为进一步开展基于作战环的作战网络应用研究提供参考借鉴。     

基于超网络的舆论演化动态模型

针对舆论演化过程中的复杂动力学问题,提出了超网络视觉下的舆论演化动态模型,该模型包括节点的添加、重新连接链路、超边的添加以及节点的老化4个过程,其中节点代表关键词,超边代表关键词所构成的话题。其次,利用非均匀网络的演化机制,分别对该动态演化模型的超度、节点自身关注度与节点间影响力两个因素的超度进行了详细的理论分析,分析结果表明节点超度完全符合幂律分布。最后,通过Matlab仿真模拟,分析了不同参数对节点超度分布变化的影响,并进一步验证了结果是遵循幂律分布的。     

国外气候变化与人口迁移研究

 通过对国外学术界关于气候变化与人口迁移的相关研究进行梳理发现，人口迁移不仅是气候变化应对机制，更是一系列国家背景、社会、政治和经济环境相互碰撞的复杂结果。针对气候变化问题，提出了各国应加强收集、共享与气候有关迁移的可靠数据，对移民相关政策制定应着力于改善目的地移民安置和生计问题。通过介绍气候变化和人口迁移方向现有国际研究趋势，展望了其未来的研究趋势。     

系统重要性股权质押上市公司的识别——股权质押违约的系统性风险贡献度视角

股权质押风险一旦爆发呈联动效应，影响范围将迅速波及多个市场，极有可能衍生出系统性风险，对整个金融市场和实体经济带来极大危害。本文围绕股权质押违约风险在股票市场和基金市场传染的核心问题，借鉴网络科学研究工具，从关联市场视角下探索股权质押风险跨市场传染的路径和规律。首先描述了股权质押二部图网络的构建方法，利用关联网络的阈值传染模型描述证券市场和基金市场之间股权质押违约风险传染动力学；进一步收集整理2017年底沪深两市A股市场未解压股权质押数据和基金产品持股数据构建了真实的网络；最后，采用蒙特卡洛模拟技术仿真股权质押风险的传染过程，验证清盘抛售概率、平仓价等参数对风险传染范围的影响，计算每一家股权质押上市公司作为风险传染源的系统性风险贡献度，辨识出系统重要性股权质押公司。     

创新型科技人才分类评价方法

 在创新型科技人才内涵和分类评价指标体系研究的基础上，利用模糊层次分析法和逼近理想解排序法（TOPSIS法），提出创新型科技人才分类评价方法，并以2019年北京市科技新星计划的生物医药领域申报者为研究对象进行实证分析，结果表明该方法的评价准确率达到80.95%，验证了该方法的可行性与有效性。     

G蛋白偶联受体的共同激活机制

G蛋白偶联受体(G protein-coupled receptor, GPCR)构成人体中最庞大的膜蛋白家族，也是最重要的一类药物靶 标。随着GPCR结构解析技术的突破，目前已破解八十余个受体的400多个结构，揭示出GPCR复杂多样的配体结合模式和 跨膜信号转导机制。近年来，残基相互作用计算已实现对GPCR构象变化的精细描述，揭示出A家族GPCR存在共同的激活 机制。文章简要回顾GPCR激活机制研究的方法和创新点，并对A家族GPCR共同激活机制如何推动功能研究和药物研发进行展望。     

贫困村农户电商扶贫参与意愿及其影响因素研究——以资源枯竭型城市阜新为例

基于阜新市贫困村407份调查数据,识别了农户参与电商扶贫的意愿,并运用多元有序Logit模型实证分析了农户参与意愿的影响因素。研究表明,农户对电商扶贫的参与意愿较高;受教育程度、网络使用经验、主要经济来源、农村电商认知、电商扶贫收入效应认知、亲戚朋友电商扶贫参与意愿、政府电商扶贫相关工作、电商服务站相关工作、电商扶贫服务体系、特色农产品规模对农户电商扶贫参与意愿有显著正向影响,家庭年均纯收入、生活满意度认知因素对农户电商扶贫参与意愿有显著负向影响。     

Google Trends and the forecasting performance of exchange rate models

In this paper, we use Google Trends data for exchange rate forecasting in the context of a broad literature review that ties the exchange rate movements with macroeconomic fundamentals. The sample covers 11 OECD countries’ exchange rates for the period from January 2004 to June 2014. In out‐of‐sample forecasting of monthly returns on exchange rates, our findings indicate that the Google Trends search query data do a better job than the structural models in predicting the true direction of changes in nominal exchange rates. We also observed that Google Trends‐based forecasts are better at picking up the direction of the changes in the monthly nominal exchange rates after the Great Recession era (2008–2009). Based on the Clark and West inference procedure of equal predictive accuracy testing, we found that the relative performance of Google Trends‐based exchange rate predictions against the null of a random walk model is no worse than the purchasing power parity model. On the other hand, although the monetary model fundamentals could beat the random walk null only in one out of 11 currency pairs, with Google Trends predictors we found evidence of better performance for five currency pairs. We believe that these findings necessitate further research in this area to investigate the extravalue one can get from Google search query data.     

Forecasting the duration of short‐term deflation episodes

The paper proposes a simulation‐based approach to multistep probabilistic forecasting, applied for predicting the probability and duration of negative inflation. The essence of this approach is in counting runs simulated from a multivariate distribution representing the probabilistic forecasts, which enters the negative inflation regime. The marginal distributions of forecasts are estimated using the series of past forecast errors, and the joint distribution is obtained by a multivariate copula approach. This technique is applied for estimating the probability of negative inflation in China and its expected duration, with the marginal distributions computed by fitting weighted skew‐normal and two‐piece normal distributions to autoregressive moving average ex post forecast errors and using the multivariate Student t copula.