有序介孔硅MCM-41对美洛昔康的包载及其形成的复合物MCM41-MX的溶出特征

通过有序介孔硅基材料MCM-41来增加非甾体抗炎药美洛昔康的溶出速率.采用紫外分光光度法、热重分析、XRD分析与差热扫描进行了表征,并对复合物体外溶出进行了实验.结果表明:美洛昔康与MCM-41制成的复合物的载药量为10%左右;复合物中的美洛昔康不是以晶体形式存在,药物分子与硅羟基之间有氢键作用;在pH=7.4缓冲溶液中,复合物与美洛昔康原料药和物理混合物相比,溶出度得到显著改善.     

金坛盐穴储气库腔体偏溶特征分析

国内可用于盐穴储气库建设的盐矿以层状盐岩为主,造腔过程中普遍存在腔体偏溶现象,研究其特征及成因对国内以后盐穴储气库的建设具有一定的借鉴作用。以国内第一个盐穴储气库金坛储气库为研究对象,基于声呐测腔数据,提出了以偏溶系数,即腔体最大半径与同一平面最小半径的比值,来定量表征腔体的偏溶程度,最大半径方向即为腔体偏溶方向。统计结果表明,金坛储气库腔体偏溶系数1.13~11.88,偏溶方向以北东南西向为主。结合夹层、可造腔盐层厚度和地应力数据,分析了腔体偏溶发生的原因,认为造腔过程中夹层的不均匀垮塌可促使腔体发生偏溶;可造腔盐层厚度越大,腔体发生偏溶的可能性就越大,偏溶程度就越严重;地应力方向对腔体的偏溶方向具有重要影响。     

胶原蛋白在乙酸酯类离子液体中的溶解及再生性能

合成了2种乙酸酯类离子液体3-甲基-1-乙氧羰基甲基咪唑氯盐([Etmim]Cl)、3-甲基-1-乙氧羰基甲基咪唑溴盐([Etmim]Br),通过核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)和元素分析确认目标产物化学结构。比较胶原蛋白分别在2种离子液体中的溶解能力大小,并分别探讨了4种不同再生试剂对胶原蛋白再生情况的影响,如去离子水、甲醇、乙醇、丙酮。对以([Etmim]Cl)离子液体为溶剂、甲醇为再生剂的再生前后胶原蛋白进行傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)分析。结果表明:2种离子液体都是胶原蛋白的直接溶剂,且([Etmim]Cl)对胶原蛋白的溶解时间比1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐[AMIM]Cl和1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐[BMIM]Cl缩短了15%~20%,在140℃时,[Etmim]Cl溶解固体质量分数为8%的胶原蛋白仅需15 min,同时胶原蛋白再生前后结构并未发生变化。     

成分对MgO-Al_2O_3-C耐火材料抗侵蚀性能的影响

除工作环境外,原料配比对MgO-Al2O3-C材料抗侵蚀性能具有重要影响.采用不同杂质含量的电熔镁砂原料,按照不同C含量和Al2O3含量制备MgO-Al2O3-C试样.通过转动试样浸渣方法测得不同试样在富CaO熔渣中的侵蚀速率,从而研究了成分对抗侵蚀性能的影响.结果表明抗侵蚀性能随着镁砂杂质含量的增加而迅速降低,随着碳含量以及Al2O3含量的增加而先增加后降低.过多的Al2O3导致了熔渣黏度下降,而过多的碳导致了空隙率增大.根据上述结果,在富CaO熔渣中MgO-Al2O3-C材料理想的Al2O3质量分数为10%~30%,理想的C质量分数为10%~20%.     

沉淀溶解平衡中分步沉淀的教学探讨

从溶度积规则判断沉淀的生成与溶解情况、混合离子沉淀顺序、影响分步沉淀的因素以及分步沉淀的应用等方面进行分析,同时对各部分内容的实际应用及教学方法进行了探讨.     

松辽盆地南部长岭断陷登娄库组致密砂岩有利储层控制因素

应用普通薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、物性分析及粘土矿物衍射,对松辽盆地南部长岭断陷登娄库组致密砂岩储层基本特征进行分析。结合区域构造特征、沉积特征及成岩作用研究该套致密砂岩的成因,分析致密砂岩中优质储层发育的控制因素。研究结果表明:登娄库组储层为一套辫状河及辫状河三角洲沉积砂体,岩石类型主要是岩屑质长石砂岩或长石质岩屑砂岩。现今洼陷内储层均已致密,沉积作用是形成致密储层的最基本因素,物源区岩性决定后期成岩作用的类型和强度,成岩作用中压实作用、胶结作用则是形成致密储层的关键。致密砂岩中优质储层受多种因素的控制作用,储层沉积相、砂岩粒径及深部流体溶蚀是控制登娄库组优质储层分布的主要因素。     

介质研磨法制备阿奇霉素纳米晶

采用介质研磨法制备了阿奇霉素纳米晶,考察了机器转速、研磨时间、研磨珠的大小及用量、表面活性剂的种类及浓度、阿奇霉素的浓度等因素对产品粒径及多分散指数的影响.分别采用扫描电镜(SEM)、粒度测定仪、X射线粉末衍射(XRPD)、红外光谱仪(FT-IR)对纳米晶进行了分析和表征,同时对纳米晶和原料药进行了溶出性能研究.实验结果表明,在优化的条件下,可制备平均粒径为165nm的阿奇霉素纳米粒子,研磨前后药物的晶态没有明显改变;与原料药相比,纳米晶的溶出度有了显著提高.     

含Nb-Ti-Al的X100管线钢碳氮化物析出研究

基于双亚点阵模型,建立X100管线钢（Nbx,Ti1-x）（CyN1-y）-AlN复合析出热力学模型。热力学模型计算结果表明,1 450～1 100K时,Nb析出量显著增大;1 800～1 400K时,Ti析出速度加快,AlN的析出温度为1 450K左右。TEM观察及EDS分析结果显示,1 173K时,有大量细小（Nb,Ti）（C,N）的析出物产生,Nb与Ti的原子比大于4;1 373K时,Nb与Ti的原子比接近1;1 523K时,以较大长条形、方形析出物为主,Nb与Ti的原子比小于0.43。热力学模型计算结果与JMatpro软件计算结果及EDS统计结果有较好的一致性。     

Extraction and characterization of alumina nanopowders from aluminum dross by acid dissolution process

A significant amount of aluminum dross is available as a waste in foundry industries in Bangladesh. In this study, alumina was extracted from aluminum dross collected from two foundry industries situated in Dhamrai and Manikgang, near the capital city, Dhaka. Aluminum dross samples were found to approximately contain 75wt% Al₂O₃ and 12wt% SiO₂. An acid dissolution process was used to recover the alumina value from the dross. The effects of various parameters, e.g., temperature, acid concentration, and leaching time, on the extraction of alumina were studied to optimize the dissolution process. First, Al(OH)₃ was produced in the form of a gel. Calcination of the Al(OH)₃ gel at 1000℃, 1200℃, and 1400℃ for 2 h produced θ-Al₂O₃, (α+θ)-Al₂O₃, and α-alumina powder, respectively. Thermal characterization of the Al(OH)₃ gel was performed by thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The phases and crystallite size of the alumina were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The dimensions of the alumina were found to be on the nano level. The chemical compositions of the aluminum dross and alumina were determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. The microstructure and morphology of the alumina were studied with scanning electron microscopy. The purity of the alumina extracted in this study was found to be 99.0%. Thus, it is expected that the obtained alumina powders can be potentially utilized as biomaterials.     

Hydrometallurgical application for treating a Nigerian chalcopyrite ore in chloride medium: Part I. Dissolution kinetics assessment

The dissolution kinetics of a Nigerian chalcopyrite ore in hydrochloric acid was studied in this article. Acid concentration, reaction temperature, and ore particle size were chosen as experimental parameters. The chemical and morphological studies of the ore before and after leaching at optimal conditions were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is revealed that increasing the acid concentration and system temperature and decreasing the ore particle size greatly enhances the dissolution rate. The dissolution kinetics was found to follow the shrinking core model for the diffusion control mechanism where the activation energy (E_a) of 32.92 kJ·mol?1 was obtained for the process and supported by morphological changes at a higher dissolution of 91.33%.