米索前列醇预防产后出血临床观察

目的探讨产妇舌下含服米索前列醇预防产后出血的效果.方法实验组100例产妇于胎头着冠时舌下含服米索前列醇600μg,对照组90例产妇于胎肩娩出后立即静脉注射缩宫素20IU.用容积法和称重法测量两组产妇的产后出血量.结果实验组产妇产后失血量平均为(116.43±94.32)ml,对照组产妇产后失血量平均为(296.52±79.41)ml,两组产妇产后失血量差异显著(P《0.01).结论舌下含服米索前列醇可有效减少产妇的产后失血量.     

电刺激小脑顶核促脑缺血后血管内皮生长因子表达的意义

探讨电刺激小脑顶核(FNS)对局部脑缺血后血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达和毛细血管新生的影响．以线栓法制成大鼠右侧大脑中动脉梗塞模型(MCAO)，大鼠随机分为假手术对照组、MCAO组、电刺激小脑顶(MCAO FNS)干预组，以免疫组织化学法检测VEGF、内皮细胞阳性表达及毛细血管记数，大脑中动脉梗塞后，缺血区神经元变性、坏死，VEGF、内皮细胞在半暗带有少量表达，毛细血管数较对照组增加，经电刺激小脑顶核干预后，VEGF、内皮细胞大量表达，毛细血管数目明显增加，有统计学差异．电刺激小脑顶核可通过促VEGF表达、内皮细胞增殖，从而促进毛细血管新生。     

Identification of antiviral- relevant genes in the cultured fish cells induced by UV-inactivated virus

~~Identification of antiviral- relevant genes in the cultured fish cells induced by UV-inactivated virus~~     

Differential effects of the serotonin receptors on cultured rat cerebral cortical neurons

Effects of serotonin (5-HT) on cerebral cortical neurons were examined by patch clamp techniques. 5-HT produced a variety of responses such as outward (19/73 patches/neurons), slow inward (15/73 patches/neurons), fast inward (8/73 patches/neurons), and mixed currents (initially fast inward deflection followed by an outward response: 2/73 patches/neurons), with a latency of 12 sec, 15 sec, 0 sec, and 0 sec respectively, at a holding potential of −60 mV in whole-cell patches. The fast inward currents were again evoked by a selective 5-HT3 receptor agonist, 1-(m-chlorophenyl)-biguanide hydrochloride (CPBG). In the cell-attached patch clamp configuration, 5-HT inside the patch pipette elicited single channel currents with slope conductances of 42 pS and 132 pS (4/42 patches/neurons). CPBG inside the patch pipette evoked inward single channel currents with a lower slope conductance of 41 pS (3/23 patches/neurons). In contrast, application of 5-HT or a 5-HT₂ receptor agonist, α-methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine-maleate, outside the patch pipette induced outward single channel currents with a major slope conductance of 140 pS (8/30 patches/neurons) or 135 pS (6/20 patches/neurons), respectively. These results indicate that the outward and fast inward currents may be mediated respectively by the 5-HT₂ receptor, which is coupled to a G-protein, and by the 5-HT₃ receptor, which contains the non-selective cation channel, and that the mixed type may be caused by both the 5-HT₂ and 5-HT₃ receptors. Received 27 September 1996; received after revision 4 November 1996; accepted 7 November 1996     

刺五加对大鼠脑缺血损伤修复作用的研究

采用双侧颈总动脉结扎制作SD大鼠暂时性全脑缺血模型,手术后尾静脉分别注射药物刺五加注射液或生理盐水进行观察和神经行为学评分,制片作常规HE染色和Nestin免疫组化染色检测缺血损伤后的修复情况.神经行为学评分显示刺五加组神经功能恢复明显好于生理盐水组.脑缺血再灌注后3d时海马、室管膜和室管膜下区神经干细胞有少量Nestin阳性表达;脑缺血再灌注后5d和7d时海马、室管膜、室管膜下区和缺血区神经干细胞阳性Nestin阳性细胞数明显增加,尤其在缺血区,刺五加组Nestin阳性表达细胞数显著多于生理盐水对照组.     

优化提取与分离海兔大脑神经节蛋白质组

蓝斑背肛海兔（Notarcus Leachii cirrosus Stimpson，NLCS）属于海洋软体动物．NLCS大脑神经节（cerebral ganglion，CG）富含高丰度的脂类物质，并干扰了三氯醋酸-丙酮法沉淀CG蛋白质．本实验的目的是找到一种适合提取、分离海兔CG蛋白的方法．经各种实验方法对比后，发现超速离心法能有效分离CG破碎液中的脂类化合物，提高双向凝胶电泳法分离BG蛋白质组的分辨率，大约可检测到450个蛋白质点．     

高血压脑出血的围手术期护理

总结高血压脑出血患者围手术期的护理经验．方法：采用钻孔碎吸引流、开颅血肿清除术，血肿破入脑室者行脑室外引流，在围手术期制定周密的护理计划并严格落实，预防早期并发症．结果：手术后存活77例，成活率为90％．对77例存活者术后1个月行所疗效评定，其中临床基本治愈21例，显著进步34例，进步12例，无进步10例．结论：手术治疗高血压脑出血疗效确切，在围手术期严密监测，加强护理，预防和及时发现并发症，对患者预后起积极的作用。     

二十二碳六烯酸乙酯对沙土鼠缺血再灌注脑损伤及水肿作用的研究

研究二十二碳六烯酸乙酯(E-DHA)对沙土鼠缺血再灌注脑损伤及其脑水肿的影响.选用雄性断奶沙土鼠灌胃给予二十二碳六烯酸乙酯(150 mg/(kg·d))或等体积溶媒10周,阻断沙土鼠双侧颈总动脉血流10 min,造成缺血再灌注模型;测定再灌注后脑组织中丙二醛(MDA)水平,还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量,超歧化氧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)和钾、钠-ATP酶(Na ,K -ATPase)活性,脑水含量,钠、钾离子浓度及海马CA1区神经细胞存活百分数.结果表明:E-DHA预处理显著降低缺血再灌注沙土鼠脑组织MDA水平,阻止GSH含量、GSH-PX和Na ,K -ATPase活性下降,而对SOD的活性未表现出明显作用;E-DHA亦调节缺血再灌注沙土鼠脑组织钠、钾离子浓度,减轻缺血再灌注所致的脑水肿和神经细胞死亡.提示E-DHA对脑缺血再灌注脑损伤有显著保护作用,机制可能其与抗氧化作用有关.     

血肿微创术治疗对脑出血康复及预后的影响

目的探讨影响微创法清除颅内血肿术治疗高血压脑出血的治疗效果及预后因素.方法对126例高血压脑出血微创清除颅内血肿术的临床资料进行统计学处理.结果126例患者术后存活120例(95.3%),本组死亡6例(4.8%).生存患者术后3个月随访,用ADL(日常生活能力)评定疗效.ADL1:恢复日常生活34例(26.9%);ADL2:生活自理35例(27.7%);ADL3:部分生活自理33例(26.1%);ADL4:卧床不起但有意识21例(16.6%);ADL5:植物状态3例(2.4%).结论出血至手术时间、意识与脑疝征、瞳孔改变、中线移位4项因素对微创清除颅内血肿术,治疗高血压脑出血患者具有显著的预后价值,超早期手术是治疗成功的关键.     

肝损伤修补术后胆道大出血6例临床分析

目的探讨肝损伤修补术后胆道大出血(简称肝术后胆道出血)发生原因及临床过程,结合文献总结诊断与治疗经验.方法对1982年以来我院收治的6例肝术后胆道出血患者进行回顾性分析.结果6例全部为行肝损伤修补术后胆道大出血患者,出血发作次数为4~10次,其中早期2例及1例合并肝脓肿与腹壁窦道者行手术治疗,其余3例均紧急行腹腔动脉及选择性右肝动脉造影,明确出血部位后进行栓塞治疗.结论严重肝损伤患者初次手术如果止血或修补不完全,术后可出现胆道大出血,选择性右肝动脉造影及栓塞在诊断和治疗中具有重要意义,应作为首选治疗方法.