低氧LiF–NdF3熔盐体系阳极过程的电化学行为研究

The oxidation of oxygen ions and the generation of an anode effect at a low oxygen content of 150 mg/kg were discussed in this paper. Cyclic voltammetry and square-wave voltammetry tests were conducted to explore the anodic processes of LiF–NdF₃ melt after a lengthy period of pre-electrolysis purification at 1000°C (during which the oxygen content reduced from 413 to 150 mg/kg). The oxidation process of oxygen ions was found to have two stages: oxidation product adsorption and CO/CO₂ gas evolution. The adsorption stage was controlled by diffusion, whereas the gas evolution was controlled by the electrochemical reaction. In comparison with oxygen content of 413 mg/kg, the decrease in the amplitude of the current at low oxygen content of 150 mg/kg was much gentler during the forward scanning process when the anode effect occurred. Fluorine-ion oxidation peaks that occurred at about 4.2 V vs. Li/Li+ could be clearly observed in the reverse scanning processes, in which fluorine ions were oxidized and perfluorocarbons were produced, which resulted in an anode effect.     

ZnO-CMK复合物的合成及在锂电池中的应用

文章利用介孔碳(mesoporous carbon,CMK)作为反应载体,通过低温水热法合成ZnO-CMK复合物,并利用XRD和透射电子显微镜对材料进行了结构和形貌的表征。通过电化学实验可知,ZnO-CMK复合物作为锂离子电池负极材料具有较高的容量,循环稳定值达到410mA·h/g,库伦效率高达95%以上。与商业ZnO电极材料相比,其充放电性能和循环稳定性得到了较大的提高。结果表明,经过介孔碳复合改性后的ZnO-CMK复合物可以作为一种有效的锂离子电池负极材料加以研究和应用。     

金属有机骨架衍生双金属氧化物的锂离性能

通过一步微波法设计合成了含有 Co 和 Zn 的双金属有机骨架结构, 并在氧气氛围下 500 ${^\circ}$C 煅烧衍生获得由纳米粒子组装的 Co-Zn-O 双金属氧化物微米棒材料. 衍生材料延承了双金属有机骨架前驱体的微米棒形貌和多孔特性, 具有两种不同的金属组分之间的协同储锂作用. Co-Zn-O 双金属氧化物作为锂离子电池负极材料时展现了较高的比容量与循环稳定性, 经过 100 圈的充放电循环后, 比容量保持在 1 137 mA$\cdot$h$\cdot$g-1.     

高性能锂离子电池SiO/C复合负极材料研究

以SiO为硅源,柠檬酸为碳源,通过高能球磨和高温热解制备了一种循环性能优异的锂离子电池SiO/C复合负极材料.采用X-射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对复合材料的物相和形貌进行了表征.具有孔状结构的柠檬酸热解碳对纳米SiO不仅具有良好的包覆效果,也能有效缓冲电化学嵌脱锂过程中硅颗粒释放出来的体积变化.电化学性能测试表明,SiO/C复合负极材料电极循环100次后容量仍高达803.1mA.h/g,容量保持率为89%.     

无锡钢电镀过程中阳极材料电化学特性

研究了不同阳极在含铬溶液、含氟溶液和铬氟混合溶液中的交流阻抗谱,旨在弄清电镀过程中阳极材料的电化学特性.结果表明,铬离子、氟离子和铬氟混合离子在溶液中聚合形式对阳极材料的电化学特性有着重要影响.碳阳极和铅合金阳极在含铬溶液中可形成感抗现象,具有较小的极化电阻,而铅氧化物阳极在含铬溶液中具有较大的极化电阻.在铬氟离子混合溶液中,碳阳极和铅合金阳极表面感抗现象消失,且碳阳极极化电阻提高,铅氧化物阳极极化电阻降低,但铅合金阳极极化电阻明显高于碳阳极和铅氧化物阳极;铅氧化物阳极的导电能力大大提高.     

重新堆积和钴离子掺杂的MoS2负极材料的合成与性能研究

以原料MoS2为前驱体,经正丁基锂剥离和水热处理,制备出重新堆积的MoS2和钴离子掺杂的MoS2.利用XRD、TEM、SEM和EDS等分析手段对样品的形貌和化学组成进行表征.结果表明:重新堆积的MoS2和钴离子掺杂的MoS2的晶型均为2H-MoS2,但结晶度都比原料的差.重新堆积的样品的组成仍为MoS2,Co2+掺杂的...     

水热法合成高容量的纳米级锂离子电池负极材料钴酸盐

采用水热法制备出了3种不同的纳米级钴酸盐MCo2O4（M=Mn,Zn,Cu）．产物的晶型、形貌分别通过x一射线粉末衍射（XRD）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）进行表征．XRD结果表明,3种钴酸盐均属立方晶系,具有尖晶石结构;TEM结果表明,3种钴酸盐均为纳米级颗粒,粒径分别为11～17、16—23和22～26nm．将其作为锂离子电池负极材料进行了恒电流测试,其初始放电容量分别高达1448、1534和1509mA·h·g-1．利用循环伏安法对其反应机理做了初步的探讨．充放电结果说明水热法合成出的纳米级钴酸盐有望成为锂离子电池负极材料．     

热轧道次变形量对铝阳极组织结构和电化学性能的影响

采用析氢测量法、计时-电位法(E-T曲线)和Tafel曲线法,研究在温度为370℃时,不同热轧道次变形量制得的铝合金阳极的电化学性能和耐腐蚀性能,所用电解液是温度为80℃、添加Na2SnO3缓蚀剂的5 mol/L NaOH溶液.通过透射电镜、扫描电镜和能谱等分析相关材料的结构.研究结果表明:随着道次变形量的增加,铝合金阳极经历了动态再结晶组织的转变过程,铝合金阳极开路电位有所正移,活性有所降低,而自腐蚀电流密度先降低后升高,耐腐蚀性能先提高后降低;在370℃时,以道次变形量为40%轧制时所得的铝合金阳极综合性能最佳.     

Mechanochemical synthesis and high-capacity performances of transition-metal borides as aqueous anode materials

Transition-metal borides MB0.5(M = Co,Mo,V) were synthesized by high-speed mechanical ball-milling of the corresponding elemental metals and boron,and investigated as aqueous anode materials.The as-synthesized borides can achieve an excellent discharge capacity,about twice that of their parent transition metals.The metal boride electrodes also exhibit polarizations about 100-300 mV lower than those of their parent metals.The galvanostatic discharge curve of CoB0.5 shows a single discharge voltage plateau as a result of simultaneous electro-oxidation of elemental cobalt and/or amorphous cobalt boride.Both MoB0.5 and VB0.5 show two well-defined voltage plateaus,corresponding to the electro-oxidation of the corresponding metal and boride.These results show that the coexisting transition metal and boride in the metal borides co-activate each other in the ball-milling process,thereby significantly enhancing their electrochemical performances.     

Low temperature synthesis of NiO/Co3O4 composite nanosheets as high performance Li-ion battery anode materials

NiO/Co3O4 composite nanosheets have been synthesized via a facile method at low temperature for the first time.The as prepared materials were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and the performance of Li-ion batteries(LIBs) as anode materials were also studied.By controlling the atom ratio of Ni:Co,not only the size of the nanosheets can be controlled,the electrode’s conductivity and stability could also be greatly improved.The composite material showed a stable capacity retention during cycling(87% of the second capacity was retained after 15 cycles) even at a relatively large current rate(400 mA/g).The NiO/Co3O4 nanosheet might be promising candidate anode materials in high performance Li-ion batteries.