Modified disordered carbon prepared from 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride as an anode material for Li-ion batteries

To prepare an anode material for Li-ion batteries with high discharge capacity and good cycling stability, disordered carbon (DC) formed by calcinations of 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride was modified via an acid treatment using a mixture of HNO₃ and H₂SO₄. The modified disordered carbon (MDC) was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectra confirm the successful introduction of carbonyl groups onto the DC surface. Some pores appear in the columnar structure of MDC, as observed in SEM micrographs. Li+ ions intercalation/deintercalation is facilitated by the modified morphology. Electrochemical tests show that the MDC exhibits a significant improvement in discharge capacity and cycling stability. These results indicate that the MDC has strong potential for use as an anode material in Li-ion batteries.     

Ultra fast microwave-assisted leaching for the recovery of copper and tellurium from copper anode slime

The decomposition of copper anode slime heated by microwave energy in a sulfuric acid medium was investigated. Leaching experiments were carried out in a multi-mode cavity with microwave assistance. The leaching process parameters were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Under the optimized conditions, the leaching efficiencies of copper and tellurium were 99.56% ±0.16% and 98.68% ±0.12%, respectively. Meanwhile, a conventional leaching experiment was performed in order to evaluate the influence of microwave radiation. The mechanism of microwave-assisted leaching of copper anode slime was also investigated. In the results, the microwave technology is demonstrated to have a great potential to improve the leaching efficiency and reduce the leaching time. The enhanced recoveries of copper and tellurium are believed to result from the presence of a temperature gradient due to the shallow microwave penetration depth and the superheating at the solid-liquid interface.     

添加物对镍铁尖晶石惰性阳极微观结构和性能的影响

为了改善镍铁尖晶石陶瓷的抗热震性、抗弯强度等性能,尝试在合成镍铁尖晶石的过程中添加微量添加剂MnO2,TiO2,V2O5,采用粉末冶金法在1200℃下烧结6h,制备掺杂的镍铁尖晶石惰性阳极材料·研究了不同添加剂和添加量对材料烧结和微观结构的影响以及微观结构对材料抗热震性、抗弯强度等性能的影响·研究结果表明,这些添加剂均能不同程度地促进烧结,提高制品的密度·添加MnO2能够细化晶粒,且粒径分布均匀;而TiO2和V2O5使晶粒变大,且大小分布不均匀·因此只有添加MnO2才能够改善制品的抗弯强度和抗热震性·     

阳极修饰对微生物燃料电池性能的影响

利用PW12/rGO复合材料负载于碳布表面制得PW12/rGO修饰阳极并构建单室空气阴极微生物燃料电池(microbial fuel cells,MFC),考察了PW12/rGO修饰阳极对MFC产电和高氯酸盐(ClO4-)还原性能的影响,并通过对阳极表面形态及其电化学特性的分析,探讨了PW12/rGO修饰阳极改善MFC产电性能的机理.结果 表明,当ClO4-浓度为700 mg/L时,PW12/rGO修饰阳极MFC的最大输出电压和ClO4-平均去除速率分别为200.18 mV和1.15 kg/(m3·d),分别是空白阳极MFC的4.4倍和1.06倍;扫描电镜(SEM)表征显示,PW12/rGO修饰阳极表面附着的微生物量远高于空白阳极;Tafel曲线、循环伏安曲线(CV)和交流阻抗谱(EIS)测试表明,PW12/rGO修饰阳极较空白阳极具有更高的交换电流密度、CV电活性面积以及更低的电荷转移电阻.PW12/rGO修饰阳极提高了阳极电子产量和电子传递速率,进而改善了MFC的产电性能.     

涂硼正比计数管性能参数优化研究进展

 介绍了与涂硼正比计数管性能参数相关的因素,从涂硼管自身的结构设计、制作工艺、管外慢化体设计的角度,对提高其性能的技术方法进行了综述分析,推导了硼含量和涂硼层厚度与探测效率间的关系,明确了当前提高涂硼层面积、涂硼工艺、耐高温设计的技术动态。分析表明,涂硼正比计数管应向选择性能更佳的填充气体、更成熟的阳极丝安装工艺和涂硼层制作工艺等方向发展。     

正极材料Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)1-xCrxO2的合成与表征

采用草酸盐共沉淀法合成一系列的Li(Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3)_1-xCr_xO₂正极材料(0 ≤x ≤0.1),用X射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析合成产物的晶体结构及表面形貌;利用充放电仪测定了产物的电化学性能.结果表明,合成的Li(Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3)_1-xCr_xO₂( x = 0.01,0.03,0.05,0.07) 均保持α-2NaFeO₂ 层状结构相,属于空间R3m点群.Li(Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3)_0.95Cr_0.05O₂的电化学性能最佳,首次放电容量达158.6 mAh/g,在2.5～4.5 V区间30次循环后比容量衰竭率仅为3.92%.Li(Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3)_0.95Cr_0.05O₂和Li(Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3)CrO₂ 的电极阻抗变化不同,进而影响其电化学性能.     

铜阳极泥碱性加压氧化浸出渣的硫酸浸出过程

针对铜阳极泥碱性加压氧化浸出渣开展硫酸浸出过程研究,考察硫酸浓度、温度、时间、液固比、搅拌速度和氧化方式等因素对浸出渣渣率和金属浸出率的影响.研究结果表明:金属浸出率随硫酸浓度的增加而提高,银的溶解尤为明显;硫酸浸出渣中未溶解的铜主要以单质存在,采用空气氧化方式可以提高铜的浸出率;在最佳条件即硫酸浓度为2.7 mol/L,温度为85℃,液固比为5∶1,时间为2h,空气压力为0.1～0.2 MPa和搅拌速度为300 r/min下,硫酸浸出渣率为60.0％,Cu和Te的浸出率分别为97.65％和77.53％,Ag和Sb的浸出率分别为8.95％和2.0％.     

基于TCAD的门极换流晶闸管的研究

文章基于ISE公司的半导体仿真软件TCAD系列软件对GCT进行了模拟,通过建立的GCT模型,研究了透明阳极结构和栅极数目对通态特性的影响。模拟结果表明,透明阳极中的杂质总量是决定GCT的通态压降的关键因素,杂质总量越多,通态压降越低。研究成果对GCT器件的设计和制造具有重要的参考价值。     

锂离子电池正极材料锰酸锂制备方法的研究进展

LiMn2O4以其价格低、电位高、环境友好、安全性能高等优点,成为最有希望取代LiCoO2的主流材料之一.LiMn2O4的生产制备方法众多, 文中详细介绍了锰酸锂的晶体结构特点,阐述了锰酸锂的各种制备方法,探讨了采用不同的原料、不同的制备方法对提高锰酸锂性能的差异.从电解液方面、尖晶石锰酸锂晶体结构层面分析了其容量衰减的原因,希望能够为锰酸锂材料的研究者提供借鉴,为其生产提供理论依据.     

铜阳极泥的工艺矿物学

为了改进铜阳极泥中提取贵金属的工艺,采用XRD,SEM和显微镜的方法对阳极泥进行了工艺矿物学研究.研究结果表明,阳极泥中颗粒粒度45μm占1212%;主要元素为Ni,Cu,Se,Ag,Au;主要物相有金及其合金、银及其化合物、铜及其化合物、氧化镍、硫酸钡和黄铁矿等;金和银是主要贵金属,个别小颗粒金为金铅合金,银以硒化银和铜银硒的形式存在;铜和镍是主要贱金属:铜为单质铜、硫酸铜、硒化铜以及铜银硒,镍主要为氧化镍;铜阳极泥以硫酸铜为基底,氧化镍中经常包裹有单质铜.