热模拟平面应变条件下的热轧织构研究

以微合金钢为材料,采用光学显微镜和EBSD,研究热模拟平面应变实验条件下再结晶奥氏体和变形奥氏体的织构演变.研究发现,在热模拟平面应变实验的压缩过程中,试样的两个自由端限制了变形区金属的宽向流动,达到了很好的平面应变状态.对于再结晶奥氏体相变工艺,由于相变前奥氏体发生再结晶,无畸变保留,奥氏体分解为仿晶界铁素体、贝氏体和少量的珠光体,织构为{100}011α;对于变形奥氏体相变工艺,未再结晶区的变形促进了铁素体相变,使奥氏体分解为铁素体和珠光体组织,织构为{332}113α和{113}110α.此两种工艺条件下的织构,皆为平面应变条件下的奥氏体相变织构,即热模拟平面应变实验可以达到很好的平面应变状态,可用于研究热轧过程的织构演变.     

Examination of dynamic recrystallization during compression of AZ31 magnesium

This study aimed to investigate dynamic recrystallization(DRX)behavior during compression of magnesium alloy AZ31. Cylinder samples were cut from the extruded rod and hot rolled sheet AZ31 for compression test.The samples were compressed using a Gleeble 1500D at a temperature of 300℃and a strain rate of 0.01 s-1.Grain orientations and misorientation angles across grain boundaries for the tested samples were obtained by using electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)technique.The results showed that strong basal texture was observed after 50%compression(ε=0.69)on both the extruded and hot rolled samples,which have different initial textures.It was observed that with increased strain,DRX grains gradually rotated to basal orientation,and grain boundaries with misorientation angle of near 30°was formed in the samples.At the strain of 0.69,a high fraction of high-angle(60°)boundaries was present in the extruded sample,whereas almost no high angle boundaries were observed in the hot rolled sheet sample.     

Ti-15-3合金中短裂纹萌生与扩展的微观机理

利用扫描电镜(SEM)和背散射电子衍射(EBSD)技术研究了Ti-15-3合金中晶粒取向差对短裂纹萌生与扩展的影响.结果表明:在Ti-15-3合金中,98%相邻晶粒之间的取向差大于10°;相邻晶粒中,大的晶粒取向差有利于短裂纹的萌生,小的晶粒取向差有利于短裂纹的扩展;短裂纹的尖端方向与下一个晶粒的滑移带方向夹角大于35°时,裂纹穿过此晶粒时容易发生曲折,走"Z"字形路线;小于35°,裂纹沿着滑移带方向扩展;短裂纹尖端扩展到晶界时,如果裂纹尖端方向与晶界的方向之间的夹角小于35°,裂纹沿晶扩展;大于35°,裂纹穿晶扩展.     

取向硅钢片晶粒尺寸快速检测方法

提出了一种基于X射线面探测器衍射系统的晶粒尺寸快速检测方法,根据晶粒取向不同其衍射花样也不同的原理,检测了取向硅钢片晶粒尺寸.实验结果表明,这种方法操作简单,能够准确测量在一定尺寸范围内的板材的晶粒尺寸,并与背散射电子衍射结果进行了比较,探索了用X射线面探测器衍射系统在工业上进行金属板材晶粒尺寸在线检测的可行性.该方法有希望发展成为工业生产中金属板材的晶粒尺寸在线检测技术.     

轧制退火316奥氏体不锈钢的晶界特征分布

利用EBSD技术对不同形变量冷轧并退火处理的316奥氏体不锈钢的晶界特征分布进行了研究．结果发现,小变形轧制经退火处理后,试样晶粒尺寸明显长大的同时∑3^n（n=1,2,3）晶界（也称特殊晶界）比例不断提高．晶粒取向分析表明,合金中高斯（Goss）、黄铜（Brass）、铜型（Cop—per）和立方（Cube）取向（包括其几何变体）的择优长大是特殊晶界比例提高的重要原因．     

电铸Cu的显微组织、晶粒取向和晶界结构

采用SEM,TEM和EBSD研究了电铸Cu的微观组织形貌、晶粒取向和晶界特征.SEM观察表明,沿沉积方向,组织由细小等轴晶区、等轴晶和柱状晶的混合晶区转变为粗大柱状晶区.EBSD分析表明,对于所有晶区,小角度晶界(15°)的分布频率较小,大角度(≥15°)晶界为电铸Cu组织的主要晶界.在大角度晶界中,CSL晶界占有很大比例,其中Σ3的分布频率较大.柱状晶由平行分布的层状孪晶构成,近似垂直于沉积厚度方向,层间孪晶界为Σ3类型,TEM的观察也显示了孪晶的存在.细等轴晶区晶粒的择优取向不明显,混合晶区和粗柱状晶区有明显的〈111〉和〈101〉择优取向.在粗柱状晶区,平行于沉积厚度方向,具有较强的〈111〉择优取向,表明大多数{111}孪晶面垂直于沉积厚度方向.     

Fusion boundary evolution,precipitation behaviour,and interaction with dislocations in an Fe–22Cr–15Ni steel weldment during long-term creep

A tungsten inert gas welded joint between a novel heat-resistant austenitic steel and ERNiCrCoMo-1 weld metal was investigated before and after creep in this study. The evolution of the microstructures in the base and weld metals was discussed based on the electron back-scatter diffraction(EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) analyses. The preferred orientations of the fusion boundary after creep revealed the influence of the applied stress on creep deformation mechanism. A cooperative nucleation process of M_(23)C_6 carbides in the base metal was proposed. The finely distributed Cu-rich phase was cut off by the dislocations during creep, leading to increased mean size and reduced amount of the nano-Cu phase. A modified triple-precipitate hardening model was constructed based on TEM observations of the interactions between the particles and the dislocations in the base metal after creep at 200 MPa. The evolution of a μ phase in the weld metal involved epitaxial growth and dissolving into the matrix.     

秦岭商丹断裂带的构造变形与形成环境分析

秦岭商丹断裂带是华北板块与扬子板块的构造缝合带,具有复杂的构成和长期的演化历史。文章选取了商丹断裂带的2条横剖面,综合运用宏观构造分析、显微构造分析、岩石有限应变测量、断层岩的变形温度估测及EBSD石英光轴组构测量分析等方法对商丹断裂带进行了精细的研究。研究结果表明:商丹断裂带两侧岩片相对倾斜,呈正花状;东段线理保留得比西段好,南北两盘线理差异明显,南盘以倾向线理为主,北盘以水平线理为主;商丹断裂带岩石均受到压扁作用,东段岩石比西段岩石所受的压扁作用更强;商丹带断层岩变形温度多集中于(500±30)℃范围内,东段温度比西段高,北盘温度比南盘高,由断裂带向两侧温度逐渐下降。EBSD组构分析结果表明,剪切带中石英主要以中低温菱面〈a〉组构和低温底面〈a〉组构为特征。     

异步轧制无取向硅钢的再结晶织构演变

在无取向硅钢冷轧过程中采用同步轧制和速比为1.06,1.125,1.19的异步轧制,以考察异步轧制对冷轧和再结晶织构的影响.研究发现,异步轧制减弱冷轧织构中{001}～{112}〈110〉组分,增强{111}〈112〉并减弱{111}〈110〉组分.{111}〈112〉和{111}～{225}〈110〉形变晶粒内剪切带处分别形成η(〈001〉∥RD)及偏离其15°的η′(Ψ=75°,θ=0～45°,φ=0°)再结晶晶粒,η′因晶核尺寸优势发展成为主要织构组分.异步轧制下形变织构的变化有利于改善再结晶织构特征及性能,其影响随速比增大而增强.     

动态回复和再结晶获得超细晶粒低碳低合金钢

利用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术研究了低合金钢在Ac1点以下大变形量应变(ε=1.5)过程中铁素体晶粒的细化机理,经过扫描电镜观察以及EBSD测定,其平均晶粒尺寸已细化到2μm以下,晶界主要以大角晶界为主,表明所形成的铁素体晶粒为稳定态的组织.在接近奥氏体区的温度,铁素体晶粒在强烈塑性应变条件下,其细化主要通过铁素体动态回复和再结晶完成,热加工参数Z=4×1016s-1,在Z>1×1016s-1条件下,铁素体通过动态再结晶进行细化是可以实现的.