一类叠加相干态的相位概率分布特性

根据Pegg-Barnett 相位定义,计算了一类叠加相干态的相位概率分布函数,并进行了数值模拟. 结果表明,该量子态的相位概率分布受到叠加参数和相位参数的调制.     

分数阶微分梯度算子在图像增强中的应用

利用分数阶微积分的定义,根据频率域的滤波基础,推导出分数阶微分梯度算子的频率域滤波器,并在实验中得以实现.实验结果表明,与其他的一些方法相比,这种滤波器对图像增强的效果更好.提出了使用分数阶微分和积分对图像进行综合处理的一种新方法,在增强图像细节的同时,能够有效地消除噪声.     

Field synergy principle of heat and mass transfer

Simultaneous heat and mass transfer widely exists in nature and engineering, and it is of vital importance to enhance heat and mass transfer efficiency. In this paper, field synergy equation of heat and mass transfer is derived from its energy equation. Results show that the total transferred heat （including the conducted heat and the heat transferred by mass diffusion through the heat transfer interface） is determined by the values of fluid velocity and enthalpy gradient as well as the value of synergy angle α of velocity vector and enthalpy gradient field. Decreasing the value of α enhances the heat and mass transfer. This means the higher the synergy of velocity vector and enthalpy gradient field, the higher the total transferred heat. By the synergy principle of heat and mass transfer, some methods may be developed to improve the heat and mass transfer efficiency.     

功能梯度纯弯曲梁弹塑性问题的解析解

在小变形前提下研究了功能梯度材料纯弯曲梁的弹塑性受力变形特征.假定功能梯度材料为理想弹塑性材料,且其弹性模量与屈服强度沿梁高度方向按照指数函数变化,根据Mists屈服条件导出了纯弯曲梁的弹性极限弯矩、截面弹塑性应力以及塑性极限弯矩的解析表达式.算例分析表明功能梯度材料梁的弹塑性性能与均匀材料梁不同,材料屈服不一定首先产生于截面最大应力点,塑性变形的产生、扩展具有多种不同的模式,材料弹性模量与屈服强度沿截面高度的梯度变化对纯弯曲梁的应力分布规律及极限承载能力均有较大影响.研究结果可为功能梯度材料梁的弹塑性分析提供验证的考题,也可为简化理论的建立提供一定的依据.     

Adaptive compensating method for Doppler frequency shift using LMS and phase estimation

The novel compensating method directly demodulates the signals without the carrier recovery processes, in which the carrier with original modulation frequency is used as the local coherent carrier. In this way, the phase offsets due to frequency shift are linear. Based on this premise, the  compensation processes are: firstly, the phase offsets between the base band neighbor-symbols after clock recovery are unbiasedly estimated among the reference symbols; then, the receiving signals symbols are adjusted by the phase estimation value; finally, the phase offsets after adjusting are compensated by the least mean squares (LMS) algorithm. In order to express the compensation processes and ability clearly, the quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation signals are regarded as examples for Matlab simulation. BER simulations are carried out using the Monte-Carlo method. The learning curves are obtained to study the algorithm’s convergence ability. The constellation figures are also simulated to observe the compensation results directly.     

Design of complex FIR filters with arbitrary magnitude and group delay responses

To design approximately linear-phase complex coefficient finite impulse response (FIR) digital filters with arbitrary magnitude and group delay responses, a novel neural network approach is studied. The approach is based on a batch back-propagation neural network algorithm by directly minimizing the real magnitude error and phase error from the linear-phase to obtain the filter’s coefficients. The approach can deal with both the real and complex coefficient FIR digital filters design problems. The main advantage of the proposed design method is the significant reduction in the group delay error. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated with two optimal design examples.     

土壤养分梯度下黄河三角洲湿地植物的生态位

利用Levins生态位宽度公式和Pianka生态位重叠公式,在土壤有机质、土壤总磷、土壤总氮3个养分梯度上分别对黄河三角洲湿地19个植物种的生态位宽度值和生态位重叠值进行了分析.结果表明:各植物种在3个养分梯度上的生态位宽度值差异不大,优势种柽柳(Tamarix chinensis)、盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)的生态位宽度值均较大;植物种之间的生态位重叠一般均较小,说明植物种在土壤养分梯度上产生了生态位分化.     

基于相位编码的高效量子密钥分配方案

提出了一种新的单向量子密钥分配方案.该方案利用光子的两列子波之间相位差关系形成的干涉结果进行编码,并且利用与干涉结果独立的光子偏振态进行窃听检测.并对该方案的效率和安全性进行了分析.理论分析表明,该方案的光子利用率为100%,而经典通信量仅约为BB84方案的一半,信息传输效率约为2n/(3n+4),高于BB84方案25%的效率值,随着传输光子数n的增大,效率值将趋近于66.7%.而且,该方案对于截获重发、测量重发、纠缠测量等常见的攻击,都具有很好的安全性.此外,对于现在的技术而言,该方案较易实现.     

多分量二维线性调频信号瞬时频率变化率估计

针对多分量二维线性调频信号的瞬时频率变化率估计问题,提出了一种新方法.定义了二维线性调频信号的二维三次相位函数CPF.通过分析可知,应用二维CPF方法处理多分量二维线性调频信号时,会由于交叉干扰项的存在而产生伪峰,接着借助于二维CPF构造了二维三次相位函数乘积项PCPF.应用该方法可以在较低信噪比下,准确地估计出多分量二维线性调频信号的瞬时频率变化率.仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性.     

总磁场强度梯度模作为匹配特征量的基准图制备技术

基准图制备是地磁匹配制导的关键技术之一。提出用总磁场强度梯度模作为地磁匹配特征量,根据研究的实际需要,从四个方面分析了地磁场梯度模作为匹配特征量的优势;在选定区域制作了以总磁场强度梯度模作为特征量的基准图,在基准图上提取了特征参数并进行了分析。结果表明:在选定区域,以总磁场强度梯度模作为特征量生成的基准图特征丰富、起伏程度大,较之以地磁总场强度为特征量生成的基准图优势明显。