High lake levels on Alxa Plateau during the Late Quaternary

Field investigations including lake shoreline measurement and ¹⁴C chronology have been carried out on the Alxa Plateau to better understand the formation and evolution of the high lake levels in northwest China during the late Pleistocene. Comprehensive field investigations show that there are at least ten shorelines at different elevations at Juyan Lake, at least four on the northwest side of the Jilantai Salt Lake, and nine shorelines and one terrace on the northeast margin of Zhuye Lake. Stratigraphic correlations and chronological evidence indicate that the paleo-lakes have the highest lake levels in Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3. Though the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) results which have been reported by some scholars do not support this view, the fact that the paleo-lakes have the highest lake levels in MIS 3 can not be denied. Differences between OSL and ¹⁴C results from this work might indicate that high lake levels existed on the Alxa Plateau during two different periods. It also suggests that the high lake levels may exist in both MIS 5 and early MIS 3. This paper also provides the basic hydrological information for further water resources research in this arid region.     

晚明非家庭知识女性的生存空间探析

晚明时代家庭知识女性和非家庭知识女性分别生活在两种界限分明的生存空间中,前者公共空间私人化,后者私人空间公共化,尤其是后者,对非家庭知识女性产生极大影响.晚明非家庭知识女性的生存空间主要包括城市、市井、青楼等公共场合和官吏、士风、市民口味等与非家庭知识女性生活关系密切的人和事.晚明非家庭知识女性的生存空间有其特殊的生成背景,这些背景和生存空间一起,对晚明这些知识女性的文学修养、艺术才华、气质韵味、价值理念产生着作用.     

一株拟南芥晚花突变体的分子分析

植物的开花时间直接控制植物营养生长期和生育期的长短,在相当程度上决定着繁育的成功与否,也与植物的产量和质量性状密切相关.拟南芥花期改变突变体是植物开花调控机制研究重要的植物材料.研究利用前期研究中获得的一株稳定遗传的、晚花表型的T-DNA插入拟南芥突变体pex2为材料,对其进行开花相关表型分析、T-DNA插入位点鉴定及插入位点基因转录分析等研究,结果表明:pex2突变体中存在单一的T-DNA插入,该插入位点位于PEX2基因下游约1 800 bp处,且该位点的插入引起了PEX2全长转录产物的缺失.该研究为进一步探索pex2突变体晚花机制及拟南芥PEX2基因与晚花表型之间的相关性研究,提供了研究材料.     

除魅与离心:晚清泰山祈雨礼的变异

咸丰朝以降,晚清官方的泰山祈雨(雪)礼出现了明显的变异.这一祈雨礼不再配有皇帝亲撰的祝文,从而在国家礼仪体系中逐渐被边缘化.由于泰山祈雨的结果不能及时如愿,清廷开始试用西方传来的农业灌溉技术,由此开启了泰山从神圣走向世俗的去魅之路.然而,从此泰山祈雨礼逐渐沦为地方官员借以谋取私利的工具,遮蔽了“礼治”体制承载的君恩与公义.晚清泰山祈雨礼呈现的“去魅”与离心,表明“神道设教”之道难以应对当时中国面临的实际困境,而政治文化信仰的陨落隐然成为晚清“礼治”的深层危机.     

塔西南昆仑山前地区晚白垩世沉积演化

为阐明塔里木盆地昆仑山前地区晚白垩世沉积演化,以野外实测剖面为基础,结合样品分析测试,综合井下资料分析,结果表明:昆仑山前地区上白垩统自下而上可分为库克拜组、乌依塔克组、依格孜牙组及吐依洛克组,其中,库克拜组可分为"下红上绿"两段,下红段为棕红色砂泥岩、上绿段为灰绿色泥岩夹灰岩,乌依塔克组和吐依洛克组岩性类似,均为红色的含膏砂泥岩,依格孜牙组以"红灰岩"为特征。各组地层自西向东均有减薄趋势。上白垩统沉积时期发生2次大规模的海侵-海退,每个组段发育有典型而又相对单一的沉积相类型,自下而上发育辫状河三角洲(库克拜组)-潮上蒸发砂泥坪(乌依塔克组)-碳酸盐岩台地(依格孜牙组)-潮上蒸发砂泥坪(吐依洛克组)。     

Mesoproterozoic age for Xiamaling Formation in North China Plate indicated by zircon SHRIMP dating

Zircon grains of magmatic origin from tuffite layers in the Xiamaling Formation at Zhaojiashan Village, Xuanhua area, Hebei Province, were used for zircon dating with a Sensitive High-Resolution Ion Microprobe （SHRIMP Ⅱ）, which gives a weighted mean ^207Pb/^206Pb age of 1366±9 Ma. It shows a very similar age （1368±12 Ma） as the zircon dating from the Xiamaling Formation in Western Hill, Beijing. This age proposes that the Xiamaling Formation in the North China plate should be of Mesoproterozoic, instead of Neoproterozoic based on K-Ar, Ar-Ar dating. The new zircon age also indicates the development of macrofossils algae from the Mesoproterozoic age.     

The great Ordovician radiation of marine life: Examples from South China

The Ordovician radiation is the earliest and most important biodiversification event in the evolution of the Paleozoic Evolutionary Fauna （PEF）, when the basic framework of PEF was established. The radiation underwent a gradual, protracted process spanning more than 40 million years and was marked by several diversity maxima of the PEF. Case studies conducted on the Upper Yangtze Platform （South China Palaeoplate） showed that the Ordovician radiation was characterized by drastic increases in α- and β-diversity in various groups of organisms. During the radiation, brachiopods, trilobites, and graptolites of the PEF became more diverse to dominate over the Cambrian Evolutionary Fauna （CEF） in all marine environments. At either global or regional scales, however, the Ordovician radiation was highly heterogeneous in time and space, and the rate and pattem of radiation exhibited by different major fossil groups were also variable.     

"礼教"与"情教"的艰难跋涉——晚清民初言情小说简论

中国言情小说进入晚清后,强调"情教"大于"礼教",支持青年男女的爱情,反时压抑人性的封建"礼教",在解放"人性"方面是进步的,它也是"小说界革命"的一种形式.但进入民国后,面对残酷的现实,特别是军阀混战、政治黑暗的现状,很多作家对自己的文学主张提出了质疑,开始怀疑自己所批判的文学主张,在精神上又回归传统,由蔑视封建礼教开始拥护封建礼教,他们的主张遭受了"两难选择".在这种情况下,走出了彻底批判与彻底否定旧秩序的代表作家李涵秋,开创了言情小说社会言情的新模式.     

2013年4月中旬濮阳市一次极端气候事件分析

利用常规观测资料和MICAPS平台提供的相关资料,对濮阳市2013年4月18—20日的大风、强降温、中到大雪、晚霜冻、倒春寒等多种灾害性天气过程,用天气学的方法进行了综合分析.结果得出:1造成大风和强降温的高空影响系统是中路冷空气南压形成的密集的高空锋区,地面影响系统是强势庞大的冷高压.2由于东北冷涡携带的横槽不断分裂冷空气南下,使气温连续下降,致使地面气温降至0℃左右,出现了晚霜冻害,加之冷高压持续控制,使气温持续偏低,出现了倒春寒天气.3500 hPa和700 hPa的低槽、850 hPa的切变线是产生降水的影响系统,850 hPa的强锋区和地面庞大的冷高压提供了动力抬升条件.4500 hPa和700 hPa的中低空西南风急流为强降水提供了充沛的水汽供应.物理量场显示出700 hPa上强烈的辐合上升运动对降水贡献较大.5此次过程降温剧烈,850 hPa气温48 h内下降了19℃,700 hPa和850 hPa气温均降至0℃以下,使降水相态由降雨转成降雪.     

进气门晚关与高压缩比技术在汽油机上的应用

针对混合动力汽车用发动机的特点,通过模拟和试验相结合的方法,研究了进气门晚关与高压缩比对汽油机部分负荷性能的改善作用以及由于发动机参数变化对外特性的影响.研究结果表明:部分负荷应用进气门晚关与高压缩比可在排放变化不大的前提下使发动机油耗降低4%~10%;进气门晚关控制负荷有效降低了泵气损失,配合几何压缩比的提高和点火提前角的优化,实现了较好的燃烧性能,提高了膨胀比;综合作用下使得有效热效率提高;较长进气持续期和较大几何压缩比的应用使得外特性扭矩降低2%~5%的同时,油耗平均5%.