国内期刊亮点

正预烧结影响低压烧结WC-Co硬质合金组织和性能WC-Co硬质合金具有良好力学性能,其中WC的晶粒尺寸决定了其本征性能的发挥。北京工业大学材料科学与工程学院新型功能材料教育部重点实验室宋晓艳等采用原位还原碳化反应制备超细WC-10%Co,对WC-10%Co复合粉末在低于共晶点的温度下进行预烧结处理,采用XRD、SEM和力学性能测试手段考察预烧结对随后的低压二次烧结合金组织和性能的影响。     

含有三蝶烯结构噻吩寡聚物(英文)

本文报道了3个噻吩寡聚物,在它们的侧链都含有三蝶烯结构.这些新型的化合物经过5步反应获得,其中包括区域选择性的溴化反应,Stille偶联反应,路易斯酸催化的Diels-Alder环加成反应.这些新型化合物可以用来合成以噻吩或蝶烯为单元的聚合物.     

Synthesis of Ta C and Ta_2C from tantalum and graphite in the laser-heated diamond anvil cell

The pressure dependence of the onset of the formation of Ta C and Ta2 C from the elements has been investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction and pyrometry.Ta C has been synthesized by the reaction of Ta and graphite at pressures between 8.6 and 14.3 GPa and at temperatures up to 2,300 K using a laser-heated diamond anvil cell. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction. Ta and graphite begin to react around 1,100 K at ambient pressure conditions, and the reaction temperature increases with increasing pressure. A linear extrapolation of these data is consistent with recent observations of the formation of Ta C at 90 GPa and 3,600 K. We show that diffusion of carbon into tantalum significantly changes the lattice parameter of up to 2 % in the pressure range of up to19 GPa. In some experiments, Ta2 C was formed concomitantly. The experimentally determined bulk modulus of Ta2 C is B0;exp：= 286（5） GPa. Other tantalum carbide phases were not observed.     

Finite element models and molecular dynamic simulations for studying the response of mast cell under mechanical activation

In micropipette aspiration experiment, increasing mechanical stress applied to cell membrane induced degranulation of mast cell as well as a current that could be inhibited by an inhibitor, which is specific for the transient receptor potential vanilloid （TRPVs） channels. To determine the sensitivity of TRPVs to membrane strain and tension, and to gain new insights into the activation mechanism of TRPVs, finite element models of mast cell and molecular dynamic simulations of human aquaporin-1 are presented. During the finite element simulations, the cell membrane sustained to micropipette aspiration was simulated, and the strain distribution along membrane thickness direction was obtained. Besides, combining the finite element models of osteoblast aspirated into micro- pipette and other compared models, we examined the relationship between cell mechanical stimulations and mechanical attributes and presented a new perspective to determine the cell equivalent elastic modulus. Consid- ering the indetermination of TRPV crystal structure, human aquaporin-1, one kind of the channel membrane proteins, substituting for TRPV, has been studied with molecular dynamic （MD） simulations, under different external lateral tensions which have been obtained in mast cell finite ele- ment simulations, to investigate the mechanical stimulation effects on the membrane channels. The simulations show that human aquaporin-1 undergoes significant conforma- tional change and expands in accordance with lateraltension, which not only confirms the tendency of the pre- vious electrophysiological experiments but also leads us to a better understanding of TRPVs. The multi-scale study combining finite element simulation and MD simulation is a significant breakthrough in the field of mechanical mechanism in cell system.     

Progress of transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling mediated by PyBroP

In the transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, phenol and enol derivatives activated by phos- phorus groups are very important electrophiles. This kind of compounds has the advantages of easy preparation, great stability, and producing more benign phosphorus by-pro- ducts. The present work provides a comprehensive review of the advances made over the past several decades in this area. Cross-coupling reactions mediated by PyBroP are first surveyed, then two types of recently developed tran- sition metal-catalyzed reactions, i.e., Pd-catalyzed and Ni- catalyzed reactions, and the corresponding mechanisms are discussed. Finally, future directions are analyzed.     

新型三氮烯类化合物的合成与表征

通过重氮盐的偶联反应以及Claisen-Schmidt反应合成了5个新型三氮烯类化合物,目标化合物的结构通过MS、1H-NMR、13C-NMR等方法得到证实.利用MTT法对所合成的化合物进行体外抗癌活性的筛选,发现5个新化合物均具有抗癌活性.     

CP600压水堆核电厂严重事故现象与纵深防御

<正>压水堆核电厂严重事故是指严重性超过设计基准事故并造成核反应堆堆芯明显恶化的事故工况,可能由安全系统多重故障引起,并导致堆芯明显恶化,危及多层或所有用于防止放射性物质释放的屏障的完整性。压水堆核电厂严重事故的一般现象及其演变过程如下:1)堆芯裸露(1)堆芯裸露;(2)裸露区热量导出效率降低。2)氢气产生(1)包壳温度达到982~1204℃时,明显产生氢气,锆水反应产生热量,随着温度上升,反应速率增加;(2)包壳温度达到1427℃时,锆水反应成为自动催化反应,化学热超过衰变热成为堆芯加热主要部分。3)堆芯融化及压力容器内的重新定位(1)堆芯材料的重新定位:     

非均匀阵元噪声条件下的近场声源定位

针对常规定位方法在空间非均匀高斯噪声背景下近场声源定位性能下降的问题,基于平面阵建立了近场声源信号模型,推导了空间非均匀阵元噪声条件下求解声源方位和距离信息的最大似然定位方法,并使用连续空间蚁群优化算法,解决了该最大似然方法在多维参数空间搜索的高运算复杂度问题,通过仿真实验验证了该方法的可行性和有效性.仿真实验表明,该方法估计精度较高,在低信噪比下方位和距离均方误差都小于常规最大似然方法,并且在高信噪比条件下方位和距离的均方误差都逼近克拉美-罗界.     

功能化PVDC负载钯配合物在微波促进下催化Suzuki反应

聚偏二氯乙烯(PVDC)被二乙烯三胺(DETA)修饰后可以有效负载氯化钯,从而制得催化剂PVDC-DETA-Pd.利用IR、TG、XPS等测试手段对其结构进行了表征.热分析表明,催化剂在室温至200℃有很好的热稳定性.该催化剂在微波促进条件下有良好的催化性能,可以催化各种芳基卤化物和四苯硼钠间的Suzuki反应.并且催化剂回收再利用5次后,产率仍能达到75%.     

阵元非均匀高斯噪声背景下近场声源定位方法

针对阵元非均匀高斯噪声背景下的近场声源定位问题,研究了最大似然定位方法,并给出克拉美-罗界(CRB),进而为了解决最大似然方法常规求解方法多维参数空间搜索的高运算复杂度问题,提出了基于对数似然函数的步进迭代方法(SML)和近似似然函数法(AML).仿真实验表明,SML方法经过较少的迭代即可收敛,SML方法和AML方法的估计精度较高,均方误差(MSE)在较高信噪比条件下逼近CRB.