秦岭晚古生代增生弧前盆地的热水成矿系统

目的 探讨中秦岭地区铅锌金多金属矿集区的成矿地质背景和成矿机制.方法 从板块构造角度进行分析.结果 位于商丹带与留坝-山阳断裂带之间的中秦岭地区,其主体是在华北南缘晚古生代活动陆缘环境下增生的一个介于秦岭古岛弧带和留坝-山阳古俯冲带(古海沟)之间,并建立在俯冲增生楔之上的弧前盆地,发育有大规模的热水成矿系统.结论 该区是横亘中国大陆中部的中秦岭岷礼-西成-凤太-山柞大型-超大型金、铅锌多金属矿集区.     

生死·道德·革命——晚清“志士”理想中的个体、社会与道德

在晚清“新学家”那里,“志士”是一种与现代国家相匹配的“新民”,“新民”之所以为“新”,在于其具有了某种超越旧道德、冲决旧伦理秩序的新道德,一种以“群治”为理想的新道德,一种与新的人间秩序相匹配的“公德”。这种“公德”的确立需要两种相反相成的面相：一方面,它首先是一种“舍生忘死”的宗教性的道德情操,而这种超越生死的献身精神,却要以一种新的生死观为前提;另一方面,“生死”问题之解决,似乎又只有超越“生死”、献身大群,使“自我”在新的价值秩序之创造中,最终摆脱“孤绝”状态,才能实现。由此,“志士”的理想具有了双重的义涵,即他首先必须成为一种孤绝的自我,然后才能够使他对自我的超越具有新的宗教性的道德意味。     

晚清捐纳所映现的近代社会转型问题

透过晚清捐纳,从政治权威的流失、功利政治的滋生、统治集团的调控机制的失灵、传统财政制度的瓦解、官商关系的市场化、工商阶层参政机制的畸形化等角度观照出近代中国社会转型中面临的若干重大问题:如何塑造政治权威和构建什么模式的权威机制;如何摆脱短视性的功利政治阴影,调治其负面效应,实现中国的长期稳定和协调发展;如何维系统治集团的良性运转,限制既得利益集团的滋长,建立新的社会控制机制;如何建立完善的财政制度,使之在保证国库充实的同时又不妨碍中国经济的发展;如何建立合理的官商关系,实现民族资本主义的健康发展;在新兴工商势力的崛起已成为不争的事实的情况下,在社会转型中如何实现他们的政治参与权。     

甘肃和政地区中晚新生代哺乳动物群及古生态环境概述

本文对和政地区中晚新生代晚渐新世,中新世,早更新世哺乳动物群进行了概述,并对其化石组合和产地进行了分类描述。     

论晚清鸦片贸易与国内市场的开放

在晚清历史上,鸦片这种物质有着不同寻常的地位。可以说它改变了中国的历史进程。近代史上若干重大事件都与它有着某种关联。在鸦片的身上浓缩了近代中国发展的影子,通过对鸦片贸易与晚清中国市场开放问题的深入研究,可帮助我们进一步认识晚清历史的原貌。     

晚清上海租界扩界的历史考察

《南京条约》签订后,英、法、美相继在上海划定商民居住区,始成租界。租界形成后的几十年中租界当局依仗武力利用各种机会数次胁迫清政府扩大租界。至清朝灭亡时,上海租界已经延伸至宝山,面积达始初时的数倍。     

Constraint on the late Mesozoic regional angular unconformity in West Liaoning--North Hebei by LA-ICP-MS dating

The angular unconformity between the Tuchengzi Formation and the Zhangjiakou Formation in the Chengde area is commonly regarded as the direct evidence of boundary between Jurassic and Cretaceous systems, and as the evidence of tectonic transformation interfaces in Mesozoic Era in the West Liaoning-North Hebei. Moreover, the lower boundary age of the Zhangjiakou Formation in the Chengde was to be thought about 135 Myr in the past. Based on the detailed study and systematic sampling in Yixian-Beipiao, Lingy- uan, Chengde and Luanping areas in the field, the authors obtained the following isotopic ages by means of LA-ICP-MS dating： In the Lingyuan area, the Zhangjiakou Formation and the Yixian Formation are in angular unconformable contact; the age range of the Zhangjiakou Formation volcanic rock is from 133 to 130 Myr （seven samples）, and that of the Yixian Formation volcanic rock is from 126 to 121 Myr （eleven samples）. In the Luotuoshan of Chengde, the Tuchengzi Formation and the Zhangjiakou Formation are in angu- lar unconformable contact; the age at the lower Zhangjiakou Formation is about 124 Myr （one sample）, which reflects that the age range of the lower Zhangjiakou Formation is from 129 to 124 Myr combined with the previous study. In the Luanping basin, there is the larg- est sediment gap in upper Mesozoic, whose lower boundary age is confined in 131 to 130 Myr. In the Yixian-Beipiao area, the second Member of the Yixian Formation, making up more than 3/4 thickness of the Yixian Formation, was formed in 126 to 119 Myr, and the age of the Yixian Formation at the bottom is about 132 Myr. Moreover, the upper boundary age of the Tuchengzi Formation is about 136 Myr in the West Liaoning-North Hebei region. Based on the above isotopic data combined with the geological characteristics in the field in the West Liaoning-North Hebei region, it reflects that there was a widespread tectonic event in the period of 136 to 126 Myr （mainly in 130-126 Myr） in the West Liaoning-North Hebei, and it formed th     

Evidence for metasomatic mantle carbonatitic magma extrusion in Mesoproterozoic ore-hosting dolomite rocks in the middle Kunyang rift, central Yunnan, China

The Kunyang rift lying on the western margin of the Yangtze platform is a rare Precambrian Fe-Cu mineralization zone. Wuding- Lufeng basin that is an important part of the zone is located on the west edge in the middle of the rift. The most important ore-hosting rocks are Mesoproterozoic dolomite rocks in the basin controlled by a ring fracture system, which is a fundamental structure of the basin. Plenty of silicate minerals and acicular apatite, feldspar phenocrysts and small vesicular, flown line and flown plane structures, melt inclusion and high temperature fluid inclusion found in most ore-hosting dolomites suggest that this kind of rocks could not be sedimentary dolomite, marble or hydrothermal carbonate rocks. The Zr/Hf and Nb/Ta values of the rocks are identical with those of associated mantle-derived rocks, and vary widely. For the monomineral dolomite, δ^18OSMOW‰=＋5.99 to ＋18.4 and δ^13CPDB‰ = -3.01 to ＋0.94, which fall within the range for all carbonatitic volcanic rocks of the world. As for the accessory minerals, the values of δ^18OSMOW‰ of magnetite （=＋3.47 to ＋5.99‰） are close to that of the mantle （〈5.7%）, and the δ^34S‰ values of sulfides （-5.09 to ＋5.78, averaging ＋1.50） are close to that of meteorite. For all the ore-bearing dolomite rocks, εNd = ＋0.19 to ＋2.27, and the calculated Isr=0.699143, while for the associated mantle-derived rocks, εnd = ＋3.18 to ＋3.72. All the data suggest that the mineral assemblage is not only igneous but also of metasomatic mantle origin. And the presence of acicular apatite indicates that the rocks were formed by magma rapidly cooling. And the phenocryst texture and vesicular, flown and ropy and pyroclastic structures suggest that the igneous rocks were extrusive. Therefore, the ore-bearing dolomite rocks are carbonatitic volcanic rocks. This conclusion implies that most iron and copper ore deposits hosted in the dolomite rocks should be of the carbonatite type.     

Late Pleistocene glaciation of the Changbai Mountains in northeastern China

The Changbai Mountains （2749 m a.s.l.） in northeastern China are one of the typical mountain regions with glaciation since late Pleistocene as evidenced by well-preserved erosive and accumulative landforms at elevations above 2000 m a.s.l, formed by glaciers around the crater lake, Tianchi Lake. Cirque glaciers developed on both the inner and outer sides of the volcanic cone. Well-preserved cirques, glacial trough valleys, glacial threholds, polished surfaces of the glacial erratics and the moraine ridges indicate that several glaciation processes took place during the last glacial period in this region. Resuits of optically stimulated luminescence （OSL） dating on the moraine sediments, and the K/Ar, thermal ionization mass spectrometry （TIMS）, electronic spinning resonance （ESR） dating on the volcanic rocks suggest two periods of glacier advances. One is named the Black Wind Mouth glacier advance taking place on the west and north slopes of the volcanic cone at an elevation of 2000-2100 m a.s.l., which is dated to about 20 ka, being the result of the Last Glacial Maximum （LGM）. The other is named the Meteorological Station glacier advance at the elevation of 2400-2600 m a.s.l., dated to 11 ka during the late glacial period, and is tentatively correlated to the Younger Dryas stage. The scope of the former glacier advance is larger than that of the latter. Regional comparisons showed that the glacial sequences in the Changbai Mountains are similar to other glaciated areas in eastern Asia during the later part of the last glacial cycle.     

废气再循环阿特金森汽油机经济性优化算法

基于一维整机模型在3 000r·min-1部分负荷工况下对Atkinson汽油机性能进行仿真分析.结果表明,在保持节气门位置、空燃比与点火提前角不变的情况下,随着废气再循环率提升或随着LIVC(late intake valve closing)增大,发动机的油耗均呈现增大趋势.为进一步优化Atkinson发动机燃油经济性,在节气门全开条件下搭建了GT-power与MATLAB联合仿真模型,通过改进的遗传算法,对废气再循环率、进气门晚关角、点火提前角、空燃比等参数进行优化迭代,并对历代种群进行了模糊聚类分析,得出了不同负荷工况点的油耗最优值及对应的控制参数.