预混引燃燃烧模式下甲醇比例 对防爆柴油机排放的影响

针对防爆柴油机尾气中NO_x和PM排量高,单使用尾气净化装置效果有限的现状,通过在CY25型柴油机上加装防爆装置,研究了甲醇预混合气聚甲氧基二甲醚(PODE)引燃燃烧模式下甲醇占能比对防爆柴油机排放的影响。试验结果表明:随甲醇占能比增加,PM和NO_x排放下降,较F-T柴油引燃PM排放最大降幅达70%;而THC、CO、HCHO排放会随甲醇占能比提高而上升。甲醇预混合气PODE引燃燃烧模式可以使防爆柴油机同时有效降低NO_x和PM排放。     

己二酸生产中亚硝气的回收工艺研究

神马集团尼龙化工公司己二酸生产中亚硝气的回收工艺、原理有显著特点,通过对影响其稳定运转的因素进行了初步探讨,为己二酸生产装置长期运转提供了理论参考和现实依据。     

NOx催化氧化亚铁制备聚铁工艺及絮凝性能研究

介绍了NOx＋O2催化氧化二价铁制备聚合硫酸铁的新工艺，对该工艺条件进行了试验，得出最佳工艺条件；并对产品的絮凝性能以及与盐基度的关系进行研究，结果表明本工艺制得聚合硫酸铁絮凝效果好，在一定程度上可与聚丙酰胺相媲美，还得出其盐基度并非是愈高愈好，盐基度以16％左右为宜的结论。     

选择性催化还原脱硝反应器数学模型及仿真

针对国内选择性催化还原(SCR)脱硝技术尚未成熟,对SCR反应器中主要的化学反应建立了集总参数动态数学模型,其中分别建立了催化剂表面NH,的吸附-解吸附质量平衡模型、反应器中各气体成分的质量平衡模型以及总体能量平衡模型.利用MATLAB仿真语言工具开发了SCR反应器的动态仿真模型,进行了模型的稳态计算.并在仿真模型的基础上进行了NO;浓度、温度扰动下的仿真试验,试验结果趋势正确,分析结果表明建立的数学模型具有较强的实用性.     

络合吸收烟气脱氮体系中FeⅢ(NTA)的生物还原

利用驯化得到的微生物对FeⅢ(NTA)的还原进行了研究.结果表明,葡萄糖比柠檬酸钠、乙醇、甲醇更适合于作为体系的碳源;反应最适pH值范围为5~8;温度在30~40℃之间变化,FeⅢ(NTA)还原率相差不大,温度大于40℃以后,还原率随温度升高而急剧下降.碳源量和菌体接种量满足还原反应需要即可,过量碳源或菌体接种量对还原率没有明显的促进作用.在实验考察的浓度范围内(0~24 mmol/L),FeⅢ(NTA)对微生物还原没有抑制作用.     

低温等离子体净化NOx的实验研究

本文旨在通过实验对等离子体技术净化NOx进行研究，为该技术的进一步发展提供理论和实验依据。实验中采用低频高压脉冲电源与等离子体发生器来净化NOx，检验了不同电压和频率，以及不同气体成分对净化效果的影响．实验证实低温等离子体技术对NOx的净化效果较好。对NOx的净化率可达65．8％；通过提高脉冲电源的电压和频率，可进一步提高净化效果．尤其是在实验中发现C3H6对氨氧化物的净化具有重要作用。对NOx的净化率，可从没有C3H6情况下的30．40％，提高到有C3H6情况下的约60％。该技术特性在汽车尾气处理、工厂烟气脱硝等领域，可望具有较好应用前景．     

Integrated modeling of nitrogen oxides formation in diesel engines

To account for the effects of both chemistry and flow turbulence, the present study proposes an integrated NO sub-model that combines the extended Zel'dovich mechanism and engine CFD computations to simulate the NO histories in a diesel engine. NOx sub-model parameters and pollutant formation mechanisms can be more easily investigated by solving the NOx sub-model. The new NO formation model incorporating the effects of both chemical kinetics and turbulent mixing was applied to simulate a diesel engine with a quiescent combustion chamber, and one with a re-entrant combustion chamber; the premise of the model being the reaction rate is mainly determined by a kinetic timescale and a turbulent timescale. The results indicate that the predicted NO formulation from the new model agrees well with the measured data. As the utilization of fossil fuels continues to increase, the control of NOx emissions is a worldwide concern; and it is imperative to understand fully the NOx reaction processes in combustion systems. This technology has the potential to enhance the application of various combustion techniques used to reduce NOx emissions from practical combustion systems.     

大气中氮氧化物的污染与防治

分析讨论了氮氧化物(NOx)对环境造成的污染问题，在此基础上提出了控制氮氧化物排放量的防治对策。     

A New Process Study on Comprehensive Utilization of NOx from Nitric Acid Plant

Based on studies of controlling NOx from nitric acid exhaust gas domestic and abroad, this paper has developed a new technique on removal of NOx and production of a by-product with high added value-- MnO2. Experiment shows, pyrolusite, whose valid composition is MnO2, of absorbing NOx has the following characteristics: quick, low cost, no secondary pollutant. Moreover, exhaust gas can attain the required standards. If the temperature of the pyrolusite serum is 30℃, pH=4, containing 90 g/L MnO2, the absorptivity for 3 000 mg/m3 NOx is 89.2%. Furthermore,few of the impurities in pyrolusite dissolve in the absorption mother solution. The purification cost of product is very low.The purity of end product MnO2 is more than 99. 995% after purifying. Therefore, it is workable for the new technique on economy and technology. There are also obvious environmental benefits and marked economic returns.     

减少空气污染物的主要途径

本文概述了空气污染物对人类、动植物生长和大气环境的损害及影响,较详细阐述各种动力装置的主要排放物和光化烟雾特性,最后论述了目前减少污染物的主要方法。