克莱姆法则历史研究

目的 理清Cramer’s Rule的发展脉络。方法 运用综合比较与历史分析的方法，对Cramer’s Rule的起源进行探究。结果 马克劳林虽然比克莱姆早两年发现Cramer’s Rule，但不及克莱姆发现的规律明晰。2人都是从线性方程组的求解入手，都是用线性方程组的系数给出解的表达。结论 Cramer’s Rule称为Maclaurin-Cramer’s更恰当一些。他们都是从线性方程组的求解入手，都是用线性方程组的系数给出解的表达式。     

微波辅助提取原花青素最佳工艺条件的研究

利用微波辅助提取葡萄整籽中的原花青素,研究了不同操作条件及不同因素对原花青素浸取率的影响.实验结果表明,对葡萄整籽最佳提取条件为:浸泡时间48 h,固液比1∶3,微波作用时间30 min,溶剂浓度40%,占空比30%.当满足上述条件时浸取率高达5.976%.经正交分析可知,在5个影响因素中微波作用时间和溶剂浓度对原花青素浸取率的影响最显著.     

不对称s波超导体/绝缘层/s波超导体结的直流Josephson电流

在不对称s波超导体/绝缘层/s波超导体Josephson结(s/I/s)中,考虑结界面粗糙散射情况下,运用Bogoliubov deGennes(BdG)方程和Furusaki Tsukada(FT)的电流公式计算准粒子的输运系数及s/I/s结的直流Josephson电流.研究表明,结界面的通常势垒和粗糙散射均抑制结中准粒子的Andreev反射,降低了流过s/I/s结的直流Josephson电流,直流Josephson电流I随温度T的变化关系与结两侧的对称性有关.     

2,2''-位置上带有不同取代基的联萘化合物的合成及应用

概述了2，2‘-位置上带有不同取代基的1，1‘联萘化合物，如2－氨基－2‘-羟基－1，1‘-联萘、2－羟基－2‘-巯基－1，1‘-联萘和2－氨基－2‘-巯基－1，1‘-联萘的制备及在不对称合成中的应用研究进展。     

呈味核苷酸及其生产应用的研究

以5‘-肌苷酸和5‘-鸟苷酸为代表的5’-核苷酸作为一种新型的添加剂，已逐渐应用于食品的调味中，本文讨论了5’-核苷酸的结构、性质和呈味特点，介绍了四种呈味核苷酸的生产方法，并就呈味核苷酸的应用和发展进行了阐述。     

“临江三孔”的文学活动

“临江三孔”是北宋著名文人,《四库全书》收有著名的《清江三孔集》三十卷,很多宋诗选读或鉴赏辞典选有他们的篇目,可现代学者少有人论及,因此通过大量史料研究挖掘他们和二苏、黄庭坚、曾巩等文学名人的文学交往,发现他们的交友其实非常广泛,确实象苏辙所说的“时有江南生,能使多士服”,也能理解黄庭坚所说“二苏联璧,三孔鼎立”的原因,可以更全面了解“三孔”的文学成就。     

有“任务”学生才会去“务”——《Let＇s eat》中说任务型教学

【理念】英语教学的最终目的就是培养儿童运用英语的能力，任务型教学法是一个很好的途径。     

Programmed cell death during terminal bud senescence in a sympodial branching tree, Eucommia ulmoides

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. is a typical sympodial branching tree. The apical bud of the branch ages and dies every year, replaced by the nearby axillary bud in the second year. Structural assays and a series of biochemical analyses were performed to analyze the senescence mechanism in the apical bud. It was revealed that most cells of the apical bud underwent the programmed cell death (PCD) during the senescence: the chromosomes were congregated and the nuclear contents were condensed, as shown by 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) fluorescence. DNA fragmentation was detected during senescence using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end in situ labeling (TUNEL) method, coincident with the appearance of a DNA ladder. Moreover, a 20 kD DNase related to fragmentation was found. PCD was initiated first in the young leaves, leaf primordia and peripheral zone cells, then in the central mother cells and initial layer cells in the apical meristem. The terminal buds remain in vegetative growth during senescence, in contrast to buds of many annual plants.     

Synchronization of two 3-scroll hyperchaotic attractors using wavelet transform

1 .INTRODUCTIONChaotic synchronizationis a key technology in cha-otic secure communication, the low di mensionalchaotic systems have only one positive Lyapunovexponent ,the performance of securityis not ideal ,hyperchaotic systems have two or more than twopositive Lyapunov exponents , the performance ofsecurityisi mproved greatly ,sothe synchronizationof hyperchotic systems has arisen great inter-est[1 ~4].N-scroll( N =3,4,5...)attractor is akind of hyperchaotic attractor ,the method of g…     

Novel Newton’s learning algorithm of neural networks

1 .INTRODUCTIONBP methodis a widely used classical learning algo-rithmof Neural Networks . Whileit has two short-ages ,i .e .slowconvergence rate and existinglocalmini mum of the cost function. Many new algo-rithms such as modification methods of BP meth-od, conjugate gradient methods , RLS methods ,quasi-Newton methods , evolving learning meth-ods ,chaos-learning algorithms have been proposedso far[1 ~7]. However ,these novel algorithms neverdirectly utilize the 2-ed order differentia…