Amplitudes, rates, periodicities and causes of temperature variations in the past 2485 years and future trends over the central-eastern Tibetan Plateau

Amplitudes, rates, periodicities, causes and future trends of temperature variations based on tree rings for the past 2485 years on the central-eastern Tibetan Plateau were analyzed. The results showed that extreme climatic events on the Plateau, such as the Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age and 20th Century Warming appeared synchronously with those in other places worldwide. The largest amplitude and rate of temperature change occurred during the Eastern Jin Event (343-425 AD), and not in the late 20th century. There were significant cycles of 1324 a, 800 a, 199 a, 110 a and 2-3 a in the 2485-year temperature series. The 1324 a, 800 a, 199 a and 110 a cycles are associated with solar activity, which greatly affects the Earth surface temperature. The long-term trends (>1000 a) of temperature were controlled by the millennium-scale cycle, and amplitudes were dominated by multi-century cycles. Moreover, cold intervals corresponded to sunspot minimums. The prediction indicated that the temperature will decrease in the future until to 2068 AD and then increase again.     

THEMIS星座对2008年2月26日磁层亚暴的观测--磁尾重联触发的亚暴分析研究

本文利用THEMIS卫星结合地面极光和地磁的观测,研究了2008年2月26日04：05和04：55UT的两次亚暴事件.Angelopoulos已经对发生在04：55UT的第二个亚暴事件做了分析.本文对两次亚暴的相关活动进行了详细研究,特别对第一次做了深入讨论,并着重分析了磁重联与亚暴活动的关系.在两次亚暴的初始阶段,第一次极光增亮发生在中磁尾磁重联后2～3min,但是持续时间较短,极向膨胀缓慢,与伪暴的特征相似,标志了亚暴的初突发（initial onset）.两次亚暴都存在第二次极光增亮和极光的极向膨胀,且时间与近地磁尾观测的地向流和磁场偶极化同时发生,并与亚暴膨胀相的其他活动的发生同步,标志了亚暴的主突发（major onset）.在两次亚暴的增长相期间,极盖区开放磁通量持续增加;在亚暴膨胀相和恢复相中,极盖区磁通量迅速减少.表明两次亚暴膨胀相的演化分别与两次尾瓣开放磁力线重联过程相联系的.从亚暴活动的参数分析,这两次亚暴都属于小亚暴范围;从重联率分析,两次磁重联都属于弱重联.本文的观测结果表明,中磁尾磁尾重联首先触发伪暴;高速流将磁通量和能量传输到近地磁尾;高速流减速最终导致亚暴...更多电流楔（substorm current wedge,简称SCW）的形成和电流中断,产生近地偶极化和极光膨胀,引起亚暴膨胀相突发.本文的观测结果是对近地中性线模型（near earth neutral line,简称NENL）和重联-电流中断协同模型（synthesis scenario of MR and CD,简称RCS）模型及亚暴膨胀相两步突发观点的有力支持.     

第四纪沉积物中重要蕨类孢子和微体藻类的古生态环境指示意义

类型丰富的蕨类孢子与微体藻类在第四纪沉积物中频繁出现,然而对其中的大部分蕨类孢子和重要微体藻类所蕴含的古生态与古环境信息仍缺乏深入分析与研究.论文详细地总结和分析了其中的7种(属)重要的化石孢子和微体藻类的形态学特征、产地、时代、分布区域及其古生态环境指示意义,即中华卷柏(Selaginella sinensis (Desv.)Spring,1843)、水蕨(Ceratopteris cf.thalictroides (L.)Brongn,1821)、短棘盘星藻(Pediastrum boryanum (Turp.)Meneghini,1840)、单角盘星藻(P.simplex Meyen,1829)、整齐盘星藻(P.integrum Ngeli,1849)、刺甲藻属(Spiniferites Mantell,1850,emend Strjeant,1970)以及环纹藻属(Concentricystes Rssignal 1962,emand Jiabo,1978).除环纹藻属的系统位置仍存疑之外,其他化石类型中所对应的植物视其亲缘关系可归属到相应的自然科属.它们分别属于蕨类植物卷柏科(Selaginellaceae)的卷柏属(Selaginella Spring)、水蕨科(Parkeriaceae)的水蕨属(Ceratopteris Brongn)、绿藻门水网藻科(Hydrodictyaceae)的盘星藻属(Pediastrum)、沟鞭藻类刺甲藻科(Spiniferitaceae)以及疑源类系统位置未定亚类的环纹藻属.这些蕨类孢子和微体藻类的植物体往往适应特定的生境,除中华卷柏适应温干气候条件或温暖偏湿的山坡或林下阴处石灰质土壤环境条件外,其他均为与水体环境紧密相联的水生植物.水蕨、盘星藻和环纹藻属于淡水种,适宜在各种大小型自然湖沼湿地和水田、水沟等人工湿地生长和繁殖;刺甲藻则生活在近海海域中,属于咸水种.它们在我国第四纪地层的沉积物中含量丰富,而且在有些层位中个体浓度非常高,因此,这些适应特定生境的蕨类植物和微体藻类成为阐述第四纪古生态与古环境的强有力证据.     

Deep levels,transport and THz emission properties of SiGe/Si quantum-well structures

In coal mines in such countries as China and Russia,most of the coal mine methane(CMM) generated during mining is emitted to the atmosphere without any effective usage,because the methane concentration of CMM is relatively low and not allowed to be used as fuel for safety reasons.Methane is one of the greenhouse gases.Therefore,if it becomes possible to concentrate CMM to an acceptable level for use as fuel,this will greatly contribute to reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.With the aim of gaining approva...     

中国上二叠统鳞羊齿属新发现及地层学和生物学意义

最近,在中国山西保德白家沟上二叠统孙家沟组的化石研究中,发现了盾籽科鳞羊齿属新种保德鳞羊齿(Lepidopteris baodensis sp.nov.)的2枚末次羽片.该种的末级羽轴、小羽片中脉和侧脉的背面具有三角形、梯形、圆形或舌形泡肿突起,显示了与间小羽片不同的特征.鳞羊齿属是晚二叠世欧美植物群典型成分之一.自1869年Schimper建立该属以来,其特有的泡肿突起完整的表皮构造一直不甚清楚.新种所显示的这种泡肿突起完整的表皮构造,不仅扩展了鳞羊齿属的生物学和分类学知识,证实了该属存在于中国上二叠统,而且拓展了我们对欧美植物群和华夏植物群在古气候、古环境和古地理关系上的认识.     

研究前沿:干细胞研究逐渐步入再生医学

再生医学作为相对较新的学科之所以被寄予厚望,在很大程度上是基于干细胞的研究进展。之所以说"新",举个例子,Regenerative Medicine创刊于2006年1月;而"很大程度"则是要强调再生医学的多学科性,比如它还需要生物工程技术。从某种程度上讲,"干细胞研究"和"再生医学"这两个词没有差别。上个月,威康信托和英国医学研究理事会宣布要在剑桥斥资1200万美元设立一个干细胞所,新的实验室计划占地约8000平方米,     

探讨带参数微分方程边值问题的解法

主要讨论带参数微分方程边值问题的逼近值及渐近值解法,并且利用基础解系、边值函数等概念,解决了带参数的微分方程中参数充分小的范围内解的变化趋势.     

Radon-Nikodym theorem in signed Loeb space

This paper gives the Radon-Nikodym theorem in signed Loeb space under 1-saturated nonstandard model. First,the nonstandard characterization of absolute continuity is discussed,on which Radon-Nikodym theorem in signed Loeb space is obtained. Then,some facts about a finite signed Loeb measure and its variation are shown.     

Performance of an activated carbon made from waste palm shell in simultaneous adsorption of SO_x and NO_x of flue gas at low temperature

This study examined the individual and simultaneous adsorption of SOx(SO2)and NOx(NO-NO2)on activated carbon prepared from waste palm shell.The adsorption process was examined in a fixed bed reactor at low temperatures(100 300°C).For individual adsorption without any catalytic activation,SOx showed good adsorption whereas NOx was very much poor.In the simultaneous adsorption of SOx and NOx,SOx showed greater adsorption affinity than NOx.For palm shell activated carbon(PSAC)impregnated with metal catalyst(Ni and Ce)the concentration adsorbed profile showed that the amount of SOx adsorbed decreased regularly,while the amount of the adsorbed NOx increased irregularly.The properties of the pure and impregnated PSAC were analyzed by BET,SEM and EDX.These investigations indicated that PSAC impregnated with metal catalyst is the determining factor in the adsorption of SOx and NOx simultaneously.     

A Sensitivity-Based Heuristic Search for Constrained Optimization in Complex Systems

1.INTRODUCTIONThealgorithmforconstrainedoptimizationincomplexsystemscanbedividedintotwoclasses:exactandheuristicmethods.Theexactmethods,whicharepartlysummarizedbyTitanetal.[1],havecomputationalrequiremeatsthatgrowexponentiajlywiththesizeoftheproblem.AlthoughheuristicmethodshavemodestcomputationalrequirementsandareeasytoAnplemellt,theyaregenerallyforredundancyallocation[2-4].2.S~EMENTOFProBLEM2.1NotationN:nUmberofcomponents;M:numberofconstraints;Rs:systemreliability;Rj:thereliabili…