等离子体氧化NO耦合湿式氨法同时脱硫脱硝试验研究

为提高燃煤烟气同时脱硫脱硝工艺中的脱硝效率,将等离子体氧化技术应用到湿式氨法脱硫工艺中,建立了等离子体氧化NO耦合湿式氨法的脱硫脱硝试验装置.考察了液气比、氨水浓度、烟气流量、烟气温度、NO初始浓度、SO2初始浓度等工艺参数对同时脱硫脱硝性能的影响.试验结果表明:提高液气比、增加氨水浓度、减少烟气流量、降低烟气温度、减小NO和SO2初始浓度都可以提高脱硝效率,而试验范围内工艺参数对脱硫效率的影响几乎可以忽略;当液气比为10 L/m3、氨水浓度为4 mol/L、烟气流量为10 m3/h、烟气温度为85℃、NO初始浓度为3.5×10-4、SO2初始浓度为1.0×10-3时,该试验装置的脱硫效率和脱硝效率分别为99.6%和69.4%.     

带烟气循环的W型辐射管流动传热及NO_x排放特性

为解决W型辐射管温度均匀性差和NOx排放过高的问题,提出了一种新型带烟气循环的W型辐射管,建立了该辐射管的数学模型,并运用数值计算的方法进行了模拟研究.在验证模型可靠的基础上,对带烟气循环的W型辐射管和常规W型辐射管的流场、温度场和NOx排放进行了比较.结果表明:带烟气循环的W型辐射管气体平均流速是常规W型辐射管气体流速的3倍,有57.6%的烟气参与再循环;带烟气循环的W型辐射管中气体燃烧最高温度为2260 K,比W型辐射管低192K;带烟气循环的W型辐射管壁面温差为166 K,比常规W型辐射管的壁面温差小76 K;带烟气循环的W型辐射管的NOx排放量9.9×10-5,而W型辐射管的NOx排放达到7.98×10-4,高出将近7倍.     

Mineralization of flue gas CO2 with coproduction of valuable magnesium carbonate by means of magnesium chloride

CO2 mineralization and utilization is a new area for reducing the CO2 emissions. By reacting with natural mineral or industrial waste, CO2 can be transformed into valuable solid carbonate （such as calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate） with recovery of some products simultaneously. In this paper, a novel method was proposed to mineralize CO2 by means of magnesium chloride with small energy consumption. In this method, magnesium chloride was firstly transformed into magnesium hydroxide by electrolysis. The formed magnesium hydroxide showed high reactivity to mineralize CO2. In our study, even at low concentration, CO2 can be effectively mineralized by this method, which makes it possible to directly mineralize flue gas CO2, avoiding the expensive process of CO2 capture and purification. Moreover, valuable products such as hydromagnesite and nesquehonite can be recovered by this method. Because of the wide distribution of magnesium chloride in nature, largescale CO2 mineralization is potential by means of magnesium chloride.     

Engineering acid dew temperature: the limitation for flue gas heat recovery

In order to study how deep we can reduce the temperature of exhaust flue gas, an experiment focusing on the combined influence of ash deposition and acid condensation on the heat transfer characteristics of the heat exchanger was carried out in a 300-MW boiler unit. An annular tube was inserted into the flue gas duct between the air preheater and the electrostatic precipitator. The water with given temperature firstly entered the inner tube and then flowed into the outer tube at the end of the inner tube. It is found that heat transfer performance drops sharply at fixed temperature range under given coal quality. The turning temperature is defined as the engineering acid dew temperature （EADT）. When the inlet water temperature is under the EADT, ash sticks to the tube and is difficult to blow off, and thus the flow resistance rises. Furthermore, the corrosion can be observed obviously. From the point of economy and reliability, EADT is the limitation for flue gas heat recovery. The EADT is at least 30 ℃ lower than ADT calculated by traditional empirical and theoretical equations.     

空预器差压大且堵灰的原因分析及对策

机组启动、油枪投运、煤油混燃、空预器低温腐蚀等诸多因素,会不同程度地引起空预器差压增大,时间久之,会造成空预器堵灰及磨损现象发生,严重影响机组的安全性和经济性。分析了空预器差压大且堵灰的原因,探讨了预防的对策。     

香烟燃烧过程中重金属含量及分布规律的研究

本实验采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了不同品牌香烟中重金属的本底值、香烟吸过后过滤嘴、烟灰中重金属的总残留量.     

论湘钢钢后余热的利用

钢铁行业是高消耗、高耗能型行业,其对环境的污染也比较严重,而随着我国社会的发展和可持续发展战略的实施以及人民对生活环境要求的日益提高,实现钢铁行业的节能减排势在必行,对作为能耗大户的钢铁工业,采取措施充分提高企业的余热资源的回收利用效率具有重要的意义。介绍了湘钢转炉余热发电工程的工艺流程,项目建设、生产实践及经济效益等情况。     

臭氧水-H2O2-金属离子联合液相氧化SO2的实验研究

为探讨金属离子浓度、液气比与SO2质量浓度对SO2脱除效果的影响,采用液相氧化方法吸收氧化烟气中的SO2,提出臭氧水-H2O2-金属离子联合液相氧化烟气中SO2的方法.分别研究臭氧水、金属离子、H2O2溶液、液气比、pH和SO2质量浓度等参数下SO2脱除效率.在臭氧质量浓度为1.32 g/m3的臭氧水中分别加入Mn2＋、Al3＋、Zn2＋、Fe2＋、Cu2＋五种离子与H2O2溶液构成吸收氧化剂,结果表明：臭氧水-H2O2-Mn2＋吸收氧化剂的SO2的脱除率明显高于其他类型.在Mn2＋浓度0.01 mol/L、H2O2浓度0.01 mol/L、液气比7 L/m3、pH=7的条件下,SO2的去除率为94.7％.     

双进双出型SCR脱硝反应器内导流板设计和数值模拟优化

为了优化某燃煤电厂215 MW锅炉的双进双出型选择性催化还原(SCR)烟气脱硝系统内流场与浓度场,提高脱硝系统的脱硝效率,应用计算流体力学方法对脱硝系统内流场与浓度场进行数值模拟。分别采用k-ε双方程模型和物质组分输运方程模型计算了烟气的湍流流动与氨浓度场分布,研究了原设计方案下脱硝系统内流场和浓度场分布规律,通过优化导流板结构与布置对脱硝系统进行了结构优化。研究结果表明,原设计方案中无导流板情况下,反应器内流场和氨浓度场分布严重不均;优化后,脱硝系统内第一层催化剂入口处烟气速度偏差与氨浓度偏差分别为6.86%和4.62%。     

褐煤烟气预干燥发电系统的节能潜力分析——煤种和机组冷端形式的影响

为考查褐煤烟气预干燥发电系统的节能适应性,采用理论分析方法,对燃用伊敏、大雁、五间房、白音化4种褐煤的1 000MW空冷、湿冷机组的节能潜力进行定量分析,获得了不同褐煤烟气预干燥发电系统形式下发电标准煤耗率降低量的定量结论。计算结果表明:褐煤的水分含量越高,系统的节能潜力越大;在不回收乏气热能或仅回收乏气热能预热锅炉送风时,空冷机组节能潜力略大于湿冷机组;湿冷机组用冷凝水进一步回收乏气热能,其节能潜力超过空冷机组。