濒危植物狭果秤锤树所在群落的区系特征

调查重新发现了濒危植物狭果秤锤树(Sinojackia rehderiana)在赣北的分布,采用植被调查样方法研究了狭果秤锤树所在群落维管植物的区系特征.结果表明,该区系组成复杂,物种密度相对较高.在1 600 m2样方中,有维管束植物57科74属79种,其中蕨类植物6科10属10种,双子叶植物43科53属58种,单子叶植物8科11属11种.物种密度约达5种.(100 m2)-1.分布区类型多样,热带区系成分占优势.科、属、种地理成分以热带分布成分为主,温带成分占有一定比例;反映了该群落的热带-亚热带区系性质.热带成分与温带成分在本区交汇,体现出中亚热带向北亚热带植物区系过渡的特征.该群落分布面积小且邻近村落,具有明显的生态脆弱性,禁伐是维持该森林群落稳定性的关键措施.     

多UAV协同搜索的博弈论模型及快速求解方法

在分布式模型预测控制（DMPC）方法框架下,提出了一种局部Nash最优的分布式搜索优化决策方法.设计了基于人工势场的协同机制,给出了势场的形成条件,在此基础上建立了多机协同的图论模型.引入局部Nash最优的定义,通过在连通分量的局部范围进行Nash最优迭代,降低了问题的求解维度.建立了以节点出度刻画UAV决策优先度的模型,根据决策偏序关系,提出了对称、主从、主从 对称3种决策形式,并给出了相应的Nash、Stackelberg和Nash Stackelberg的博弈模型,理论推导了该方法的计算复杂度.采用MPC和粒子群（PSO）优化相结合实现单架UAV的最优决策.仿真结果表明,所提出的方法能有效降低问题的求解规模和通信负担.     

S,T参数与新物理顶角图的负贡献

我们计算了荷电ＰＧ玻色子对Ｓ，Ｔ参数的顶角图贡献，发现该项贡献为负，使得Ｓ，Ｔ参数的理论预言值与实验值相符合．     

人类种群活动无度鸟类多样性保护负效应 --宿鸭湖水库湿地水鸟观察

报道河南宿鸭湖水库野生湿地水鸟多样性，种群分布的季节性变化特点，湿地群落中明显的优势种群－冬候鸟；湖库水体污染，湿地水鸟种类与种群数量急剧减少。     

半导体高功率量子阱激光器退火后的电噪声

在环境温度和工作电流下, 对808 nm高功率量子阱激光器进行老化实验, 发现在老化过程中一些劣质器件电噪声谱密度呈下降趋势, 产生退火效应. 本文应用初始性缺陷（高温高能条件下所形成的缺陷）和非初始性缺陷理论, 探讨了器件发生退火及早期失效的原因.     

Germline deletion of the miR-17∼92 cluster causes skeletal and growth defects in humans

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression in animals and plants. Studies in a variety of model organisms show that miRNAs modulate developmental processes. To our knowledge, the only hereditary condition known to be caused by a miRNA is a form of adult-onset non-syndromic deafness, and no miRNA mutation has yet been found to be responsible for any developmental defect in humans. Here we report the identification of germline hemizygous deletions of MIR17HG, encoding the miR-17～92 polycistronic miRNA cluster, in individuals with microcephaly, short stature and digital abnormalities. We demonstrate that haploinsufficiency of miR-17～92 is responsible for these developmental abnormalities by showing that mice harboring targeted deletion of the miR-17～92 cluster phenocopy several key features of the affected humans. These findings identify a regulatory function for miR-17～92 in growth and skeletal development and represent the first example of an miRNA gene responsible for a syndromic developmental defect in humans.     

Somatic and germline activating mutations of the ALK kinase receptor in neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma, a tumour derived from the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, is one of the most frequent solid tumours in childhood. It usually occurs sporadically but familial cases are observed, with a subset of cases occurring in association with congenital malformations of the neural crest being linked to germline mutations of the PHOX2B gene. Here we conducted genome-wide comparative genomic hybridization analysis on a large series of neuroblastomas. Copy number increase at the locus encoding the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase receptor was observed recurrently. One particularly informative case presented a high-level gene amplification that was strictly limited to ALK, indicating that this gene may contribute on its own to neuroblastoma development. Through subsequent direct sequencing of cell lines and primary tumour DNAs we identified somatic mutations of the ALK kinase domain that mainly clustered in two hotspots. Germline mutations were observed in two neuroblastoma families, indicating that ALK is a neuroblastoma predisposition gene. Mutated ALK proteins were overexpressed, hyperphosphorylated and showed constitutive kinase activity. The knockdown of ALK expression in ALK-mutated cells, but also in cell lines overexpressing a wild-type ALK, led to a marked decrease of cell proliferation. Altogether, these data identify ALK as a critical player in neuroblastoma development that may hence represent a very attractive therapeutic target in this disease that is still frequently fatal with current treatments.     

一代Technicolor模型对过程e~+e~-→tc的贡献

在ＬＥＰＩ的能量（Ｓ＝２００ＧｅＶ）下，我们计算了一代Ｔｅｃｈｎｉｃｏｌｏｒ（ＴＣ）模型对过程ｅ＋ｅ－→ｔｃ的贡献．计算结果表明，一代ＴＣ模型对ｅ＋ｅ－→ｔｃ的贡献很小，实验目前还无法观测