4次带参Bézier可展曲面的设计

摘要： 为了方便解决工程中可展曲面位置与形状难以调节和控制的问题,提出了2种带形状参数的Bézier可展曲面设计新方法. 基于3D射影空间中点和平面间的对偶性,利用一种带形状参数的4次λ Bézier调配函数生成了具有4次λ Bézier基的控制平面,并由该平面进行包络和脊线可展曲面的设计,同时给出了在4次λ Bézier基函数下2种可展曲面的参数表示形式. 该方法生成的可展曲面不仅具有良好的形状可调性,而且保留了Bézier曲面的许多特性, 特别当参数λ取值为0时, 所生成的可展曲面即为3次Bézier可展曲面. 最后,对所设计的可展曲面进行了形状与性质分析,并给出了可展曲面间G2光滑拼接的条件. 实例结果表明,所提方法不仅直接、简单有效,而且易于控制可展曲面的形状,从而为可展曲面的设计提供了一种有效的新途径.
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Abstract：     

盐岩在库车拗陷中的作用

库车拗陷的勘探实践表明,盐层与油气密切相关。通过对2条地震测线的分析发现,盐层、盐上地层、盐下地层变形看似孤立,实际相互影响。盐层构造变形一般发育在古隆起上部,盐上构造变形主要发生在盐枕构造的翼部,无盐地区主要发育基底卷入式构造。膏盐层可以延缓盐下地层烃源岩的热演化程度,可以改善盐下储层的储集性能;膏盐层本身也有可能成为油气储集层;膏盐层具有形成超压封闭和物性封闭的双重封闭机制,对盐下油气藏的保存极为有利;膏盐层的塑性流动特性,使得盐下构造圈闭在强烈的构造挤压中得以保存。     

骨髓红粒细胞自动识别的深度学习模型

为了实现骨髓血细胞的自动识别, 构建了骨髓红系细胞和粒系细胞数据集, 基于深度学习语义分割技术提出了 CellNet 网络模型。 该模型通过加入残差模块增加了网络的深度, 利用卷积残差块使网络模型更容易训练, 并结合 U鄄Net 的裁剪操作为分割提供更精细的特征。 实验结果表明, 该模型对骨髓红系细胞和粒系细胞识别正确率分别达到 93. 65% 、95. 25% , 为骨髓血细胞自动识别技术提供了一种方法。     

Proteolytic control of TGF-β co-receptor activity by BMP-1/tolloid-like proteases revealed by quantitative iTRAQ proteomics

The metalloproteinase BMP-1 (bone morphogenetic protein-1) plays a major role in the control of extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly and growth factor activation. Most of the growth factors activated by BMP-1 are members of the TGF-β superfamily known to regulate multiple biological processes including embryonic development, wound healing, inflammation and tumor progression. In this study, we used an iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification)-based quantitative proteomic approach to reveal the release of proteolytic fragments from the cell surface or the ECM by BMP-1. Thirty-eight extracellular proteins were found in significantly higher or lower amounts in the conditioned medium of HT1080 cells overexpressing BMP-1 and thus, could be considered as candidate substrates. Strikingly, three of these new candidates (betaglycan, CD109 and neuropilin-1) were TGF-β co-receptors, also acting as antagonists when released from the cell surface, and were chosen for further substrate validation. Betaglycan and CD109 proved to be directly cleaved by BMP-1 and the corresponding cleavage sites were extensively characterized using a new mass spectrometry approach. Furthermore, we could show that the ability of betaglycan and CD109 to interact with TGF-β was altered after cleavage by BMP-1, leading to increased and prolonged SMAD2 phosphorylation in BMP-1-overexpressing cells. Betaglycan processing was also observed in primary corneal keratocytes, indicating a general and novel mechanism by which BMP-1 directly affects signaling by controlling TGF-β co-receptor activity. The proteomic data have been submitted to ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD000786 and doi:class="ExternalRef"> class="RefSource">10.6019/PXD000786.     

Rare MTNR1B variants impairing melatonin receptor 1B function contribute to type 2 diabetes

Genome-wide association studies have revealed that common noncoding variants in MTNR1B (encoding melatonin receptor 1B, also known as MT(2)) increase type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk(1,2). Although the strongest association signal was highly significant (P < 1 × 10(-20)), its contribution to T2D risk was modest (odds ratio (OR) of ～1.10-1.15)(1-3). We performed large-scale exon resequencing in 7,632 Europeans, including 2,186 individuals with T2D, and identified 40 nonsynonymous variants, including 36 very rare variants (minor allele frequency (MAF) <0.1%), associated with T2D (OR = 3.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.78-6.18; P = 1.64 × 10(-4)). A four-tiered functional investigation of all 40 mutants revealed that 14 were non-functional and rare (MAF < 1%), and 4 were very rare with complete loss of melatonin binding and signaling capabilities. Among the very rare variants, the partial- or total-loss-of-function variants but not the neutral ones contributed to T2D (OR = 5.67, CI = 2.17-14.82; P = 4.09 × 10(-4)). Genotyping the four complete loss-of-function variants in 11,854 additional individuals revealed their association with T2D risk (8,153 individuals with T2D and 10,100 controls; OR = 3.88, CI = 1.49-10.07; P = 5.37 × 10(-3)). This study establishes a firm functional link between MTNR1B and T2D risk.     

基于Matlab的大学数学综合实验设计研究

实验教学是高等教育创新型人才培养的关键环节。文章以估算中国大陆版图(包括中国台湾省面积)教学为例,探讨了以创新人才培养为目的的实验教学方法。通过对中国领土面积计算的引入、推导和计算等,系统阐述了大学数学"综合型"实验设计的思路与原则。     

离心静电纺丝法制备有序、交叉以及绞线结构的荧光纳米纤维

利用新型低压离心静电纺丝法制备了有序排列、交叉排列以及绞线结构的荧光纳米纤维(掺杂荧光物质为荧光素和罗丹明B)。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、荧光显微镜和荧光光谱仪对纤维的微观形貌和荧光性质进行了表征和测量,结果显示,绞线结构的荧光强度较单根纤维组合大大加强。     

Meta-analysis identifies common variants associated with body mass index in east Asians

Multiple genetic loci associated with obesity or body mass index (BMI) have been identified through genome-wide association studies conducted predominantly in populations of European ancestry. We performed a meta-analysis of associations between BMI and approximately 2.4 million SNPs in 27,715 east Asians, which was followed by in silico and de novo replication studies in 37,691 and 17,642 additional east Asians, respectively. We identified ten BMI-associated loci at genome-wide significance (P < 5.0 × 10(-8)), including seven previously identified loci (FTO, SEC16B, MC4R, GIPR-QPCTL, ADCY3-DNAJC27, BDNF and MAP2K5) and three novel loci in or near the CDKAL1, PCSK1 and GP2 genes. Three additional loci nearly reached the genome-wide significance threshold, including two previously identified loci in the GNPDA2 and TFAP2B genes and a newly identified signal near PAX6, all of which were associated with BMI with P < 5.0 × 10(-7). Findings from this study may shed light on new pathways involved in obesity and demonstrate the value of conducting genetic studies in non-European populations.     

重叠年轮式无源射频识别定位算法设计

针对无源射频识别（RFID）定位问题,建立了重叠的读写器天线布局规划以及年轮式概率模型,提出了重叠年轮式定位算法,并通过Kp值修正以及双标签边缘修正实现精确定位.验证表明,与邻近算法相比,重叠年轮式无源RFID定位算法使定位误差降低了33.929%,同时定位误差概率累积分布曲线的收敛速度也显著提高.