波浪形振动倾斜板半连续铸造半固态AZ91D镁合金

将自制的波浪形倾斜板振动装置与半连续铸造机结合,制备了AZ91D镁合金铸锭.分析了不同工艺条件对合金组织的影响.结果表明,在一定范围内,随着倾斜板长度增加,合金受到冷却剪切作用的时间增长,组织得到细化;振动作用可以提高形核率,细化合金组织;较低的铸造速度使合金在结晶器内的二次结晶率提高,使组织细化.当浇注温度为680℃,倾斜板长度为400 mm,铸造速度为100 mm/min时,制备了组织优良的AZ91D镁合金半固态铸锭,经二次加热后获得了优良的半固态组织.     

添加剂对AZ31B镁合金氧化膜性能的影响

在由NaOH、H3BO3、Na2B4O10组成的电解液中,研究了不同添加剂Na2SiO3和NaAlO2对AZ31B镁合金阳极氧化膜性能的影响.通过电压-时间曲线、Cass盐雾试验、SEM和动电位极化曲线等方法检测和观察阳极氧化膜性能和表面形貌.结果表明:两种阳极氧化膜表面均为多孔结构,电解液中添加Na2SiO3获得的氧化膜表面微孔分布均匀,孔径更小;与AZ31镁合金基体相比,其耐蚀性均有不同程度的提高,Na2SiO3添加后膜层的耐蚀性优于NaAlO2.     

Cu含量对AZ61镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

通过真空感应熔炼技术制备出不同Cu含量的AZ61镁合金,采用光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、差热分析(DSC)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS)等方法研究了Cu元素对合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:Cu元素以三元AlCuMg相存在于合金中,主要分布在晶界处及枝晶间;添加Cu元素后能够细化合金铸态组织,并使β-Mg17Al12相数量减少、尺寸变细;随着Cu含量增加,挤压态合金强度先上升后下降,而延伸率只有当Cu含量达到1%时才开始显著下降。其中AZ61-1Cu具有最佳的综合力学性能,屈服强度、抗拉强度和延伸率分别为230 MPa、321 MPa和9.7%;当Cu含量为1.5%时,粗大的AlCuMg相割裂了合金基体,使合金力学性能下降。     

歧化制备二甲基二氯硅烷的研究——ZnCl_2的催化作用

通过计算,得出了ZnCl2催化的一甲基三氯硅烷和三甲基氯硅烷歧化反应的机理,得出了IRC曲线和过渡态的虚振动模式.研究发现,ZnCl2的反应活性稍逊于AlCl3,与实验结果较为一致.     

Al含量对AZ系镁合金燃点的影响

为了考察AZ系镁合金中不同Al含量对其初始熔化温度、燃点以及热解起燃时所处状态的影响,对镁合金初始熔化温度及燃点进行测试, 采用FESEM扫描电镜对实验镁合金组织及燃烧前合金表面形貌进行观察,采用XRD对合金进行物相分析.结果表明,AZ系镁合金中Al含量较低时对燃点的影响表现为,随Al含量的增加低温熔点相β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂生成并逐渐增多,引起合金初始熔化温度的下降,降低了合金的燃点.同时,纯Mg及AZ31镁合金是在固态下起燃的;AZ61和AZ80镁合金是在半固态下起燃的,但AZ80的固相率更低.此外,Al含量的增加有利于合金起燃前表面膜的连续性与完整性,减缓合金燃点降低.     

Flying insects: model systems in exercise physiology

Insect flight is the most energy-demanding exercise known. It requires very effective coupling of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis and regeneration in the working flight muscles.³¹P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of locust flight muscle in vivo has shown that flight causes only a small decrease in the content of ATP, whereas the free concentrations of inorganic phosphate (P _i ), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine monophosphate (AMP) were estimated to increase by about 3-, 5- and 27-fold, respectively. These metabolites are potent activators of glycogen phosphorylase and phosphofructokinase (PFK). Activation of glycolysis by AMP and P _i is reinforced synergistically by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6P₂), a very potent activator of PFK. During prolonged flight locusts gradually change from using carbohydrate to lipids as their main fuel. This requires a decrease in glycolytic flux which is brought about, at least in part, by a marked decrease in the content of F2,6P₂ in flight muscle (by 80% within 15 min of flight). The synthesis of F2,6P₂ in flight muscle can be stimulated by the nervous system via the biogenic amine octopamine. Octopamine and F2,6P₂ seem to be part of a mechanism to control the rate of carbohydrate oxidation in flight muscle and thus function in the metabolic integration of insect flight.Dedicated to Dr. Ernst Zebe, Emeritus Professor of Zoology (University of Münster) on the occasion of his 70th birthday.     

DTMF接收器在程控电话上的应用

主要介绍单片机控制的ＤＴＭＦ信号接收器在程控交换机键控电话系统中的应用，详细分析了ＭＴ８８７０的内部结构和使用典型线路，描述了８０Ｃ３１单片机对ＭＴ８８７０接收器的控制工作原理，并应用该原理给出了设计长途电话控制加密器的电路方法。     

The role of apolipoprotein E in lipid metabolism in the central nervous system

The critical roles of apolipoprotein E (apoE) in regulating plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels have been extensively studied for over 2 decades. However, an understanding of the roles of apoE in the central nervous system (CNS) is less certain. This review will summarize the available experimental results on the role of apoE in CNS lipid homeostasis with respect to its modulation of sulfatide trafficking, alteration of CNS cholesterol homeostasis and apoE-induced changes in phospholipid molecular species in specialized subcellular membrane fractions. The results indicate that apoE mediates sulfatide trafficking and metabolism in the CNS. Moreover, although apoE does not affect the cholesterol mass content or the phospholipid mass levels and composition in the CNS as a whole, apoE modulates cholesterol and phospholipid homeostasis in selective subcellular membrane compartments. Through elucidating the roles of apoE in CNS lipid metabolism, new insights into overall functions of apoE in neurobiology can be accrued ultimately, leading to an increased understanding of CNS lipid metabolism and the identification of novel therapeutic targets for CNS diseases.Received 9 January 2004; received after revision 28 February 2004; accepted 10 March 2004     

基于XML的Web教学资源整合方法研究与系统实现

以校园网的建设为背景，结合教育部制定的《教育资源建设技术规范（CELTS-31）》中对教学资源建设的规范和XML技术对Web教学资源进行了基于XML的规范化描述，在此基础上建立了基于XML的规范化Web教学资源库，并对教学资源库进行管理和利用，给出了基于XML的Web教学资源整合系统功能结构图和系统运行环境。