GLP-1R agonists therapy for type 2 diabetes

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor （GLP-1R） agonists are widely used for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） be- cause of their glucose-lowering and weight-losing effects, and low risk of hypoglycemia. Hence, there is considerable interest in understanding the mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of GLP-I and developing stable and effective GLP-1R agonists. Here, we summarize the presently known mechanism of GLP-I actions, which are mainly through regulating cAMP-PKA signaling pathway; the latest developments in novel clinical GLP-1R agonists are also introduced, which are characterized with multiple properties, such as extended half-life, reduced side-effects, lower production costs and more convenient drug dosing mode. The potential risk of GLP-I-based therapeutics, an often-ignored fact, is also discussed.     

抗土霉素单克隆抗体的制备及其在虾中土霉素残留的检测应用

研究目的：抗土霉素单克隆抗体的制备和特性分析，并用于间接竞争酶联免疫吸附测定法（icELISA）分析虾样品中土霉素的残留。创新要点：本研究建立分泌抗土霉素单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株，筛选出对虾中土霉素残留检测具有较高灵敏度的单克隆抗体2．4F。研究方法：重要结论：用细胞杂交技术使土霉素．牛血清白蛋白偶联物免疫的BALC／c雌性小鼠的脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞融合，建立三株分泌抗土霉素单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株（2—4F、7-3G和11-11A），并制备它们的单克隆抗体。通过ieELISA法分析单克隆抗体对土霉素的半抑制质量浓度（IC-50）和交叉反应率，明确其灵敏度和特异性。实验结果发现单克隆抗体2—4F具有最高的灵敏度，对土霉素的IC50为7．01ng／ml，且该单抗特异性强，仅与罗利环素之间有强烈的交叉反应，而与非相关抗生素不发生交叉反应。当利用单克隆抗体2-4F检测虾样品中的土霉素含量时，其批内和批间回收率分别为82％～118％和96％～113％，变异系数分别为3．9％～13．9％和5．5％～14．9％。因此，单克隆抗体2．4F可用于虾产品中土霉素残留分析试剂盒的开发。     

Review： Deregulation of microRNA expression in thyroid tumors

MicroRNAs （miRNAs or miRs） are endogenous non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expres- sion by binding to the 3＇ non-coding regions of target mRNAs, resulting in their cleavage or blocking their translation. miRNAs may have an impact on cell differentiation, proliferation, and survival, and their deregulation can be inclined to diseases and cancers, including thyroid tumors. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing findings of deregulated miRNAs in different types of thyroid tumors and to exhibit their potential target genes, especially to demonstrate those involved in tumor invasion and metastasis. In addition, new findings of circulating miRNA expres- sion profiles, single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） in thyroid tumors, and the correlation of somatic mutations with deregulated miRNA expression in thyroid tumors were all included in this review.     

基于树状分子及炭黑复合纳米材料修饰电极的Cr(VI)电化学检测

用树状分子及炭黑纳米复合材料修饰玻碳电极,并对六价铬Cr(VI)进行电化学测定.采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、循环伏安法(CV)、交流阻抗法(EIS)、方波溶出伏安法(SWSV)等方法对修饰电极进行了表征.研究发现多种其他离子如Ni~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Pb~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、NO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)、Cl~-等对六价铬离子的测定没有明显干扰,且Cr(VI)的还原峰电流与Cr(VI)的物质的量浓度在4~60 nmol/L和0.06~500μmol/L范围内呈线性关系,检测限达1 nmol/L.该法具有简便快速,选择性好,线性范围宽,灵敏度高等优点.     

P（x）-Laplacian方程爆破解的存在性及渐近行为

通过对Kelle卜Osserman条件进行简化得到了一类p（x）-Laplacian方程边界爆破解的存在性，该方程变形为径向对称形式，经一系列推导运算，给出了边界爆破解的渐近性质．     

Electro-spinning Antimicrobial N-halamine Modified Poly （vinyl alcohol） Nanofibers

Antimicrobial poly( vinyl alcohol)( PVA) nanofibrous composites were prepared by adding 3-( 2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione( N-halamine diol) to the PVA solution using electro-spinning technique upon curing and exposure to diluted sodium hypochlorite. Scanning electron microscopy( SEM) demonstrates that PVA nanofibers formed with diameters of( 255 ±94) nm. Cross-linked PVA nanofibers with N-halamine diol precursor and 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic( BTCA) showed good water resistance. The chlorinated PVA nanofibrous mats completely inactivated Staphylococcus aureus( Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli O157: H7( Gram-negative) with 7 log reductions( the reduction of the bacterial concentration in logarithm) within 5min and 1 min of contact time,respectively.     

BBM—likeB（2，2）方程的圈波及周期圈波解

应用微分方程动力系统理论研究BBM—likeB（2，2）方程的圈波及周期圈波解。在某些参数条件下给出该方程平面系统的相图，根据相图找到圈波及周期圈波解的存在条件，并求出了这两种解的参数形式表达式。通过软件Mathematica模拟了这两种解的平面波形图。     

高温气相色谱-质谱法分析葵花籽油中的甘油三酯组成

对食用油中甘油三酯类主要成分的分离分析可为区分掺假食用油提供重要依据.用高温气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析了葵花籽油中甘油三酯的组成.考察了实验条件对分离检测的影响,选择ZB-5HT(15m×0.25mm×0.25μm)毛细管柱,分流进样,100~360°C程序升温分离,质谱全扫描模式检测.以甘油三酯裂解的4种离子碎片(RCO~+,[RCO+74]~+,[RCO+128]~+,[MRCOO]~+)识别葵花籽中的甘油三酯成分.结果发现,葵花籽油谱图中最后的4个峰为甘油三酯,根据各峰的质谱数据,结合气相色谱分离规律和葵花籽油脂肪酸组成,推测了其中可能存在的甘油三酯成分.     

Tussah Silk Fibroin Porous Scaffolds Prepared with a Mild Self-assembly Process for Controlled Drug Release

Besides excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility,a useful tissue engineering scaffold should provide favorable surface properties,outstanding mechanical strength and controlled drug release property. In this paper,a mild process to prepare porous tussah silk fibroin（ TSF） scaffolds from aqueous solution was described. The n-butanol was used to control the self-assembly of tussah silk. The scaffolds with different TSF concentrations and the same volume showed differences in pore size and distribution. The maximum porosity of the poprepared porous scaffolds was 80% in this paper. And the pore size of the prepared porous scaffolds with different concentrations was between 10μm and 230 μm. X-ray diffraction（ XRD） analysis revealed that amorphous TSF was crystallized to β-sheet secondary structure upon gelatin. The TSF scaffolds for controlled drug release was studied and the result showed that the time of drug release was significantly longer. The produced TSF scaffolds with sustained drug release have potential application in tissue engineering.     

重复过流冲击下IGBT的性能退化研究

实际应用中,功率变流器经常会发生过流,重复的过流冲击会造成其功率器件绝缘栅型双极性晶体管(IGBT)的性能退化,并形成累积损伤,最终导致失效,而突然的失效会带来经济损失和安全问题,故需对重复过流冲击下IGBT的性能退化进行研究,建立相应的在线监测方法.针对目前对IGBT在重复过流下性能退化的研究较欠缺,搭建了过流冲击的实验平台来实现IGBT的重复过流冲击实验;采集重复过流冲击过程中IGBT外部端子的电气量,并提出相应的新的性能退化指标——导通电阻.结果表明:重复过流冲击会造成IGBT的性能退化,影响其外部电气特性;提出的退化指标——导通电阻明显地表征了IGBT内部累积损伤的程度.