粉褶菌属一中国新记录种——棱柱孢粉褶菌

在形态学研究、分子系统发育分析的基础上，报道了粉褶菌属一中国新记录种——棱柱孢粉褶菌Entoloma prismaticum.该种的主要特征是子实体半地下生，腹菌化，近球形至不规则形，有较大的刺鼻性气味，包被黄褐色至红棕色，担孢子淡黄至淡粉色，五角，棱柱形，大小为10.6 μm × 9.7 μm.该新记录种的发现，既有助于深入探究粉褶菌属系统分类与演化，也丰富了我国大型真菌的物种多样性.凭证标本存放于汉江师范学院真菌标本室(HMHNU).     

New occurrences and host records for two species of parasitic isopods (Isopoda,Cymothoida, Bopyridae) associated with caridean shrimps (Decapoda,Caridea) from Brazil

ABSTRACT

Two species of bopyrid isopods of the Bopyrinae subfamily are recorded from new localities and hosts in northeastern Brazil. Parabopyrella lata (Nierstrasz and Brender à Brandis, 1929) was recorded from the state of Ceará, found for the first time parasitising the caridean shrimp Alpheus packardii Kingsley, 1880. In addition, Probopyrus cf. pandalicola (Packard, 1879) is recorded from the state of Bahia, parasitising the palaemonid shrimp Palaemon northropi (Rankin, 1898). Taxonomic comments are provided for each species.     

Two new nematodes,Pseudelzalia longiseta gen. nov., sp. nov. and Paramonohystera sinica sp. nov. (Monhysterida: Xyalidae), from sediment in the East China Sea

Pseudelzalia longiseta gen. nov, sp. nov. and Paramonohystera sinica sp. nov. from subtidal sediment in the East China Sea are described. Pseudelzalia is characterized by 6 labial papillae and 10 cephalic setae, cylindrical buccal cavity, elongate (>2 anal body diameter) spicules, and conico-cylindrical tail devoid of terminal setae. It differs from Elzalia by the absence of terminal setae. Pseudelzalia longiseta sp. nov. is 647–853 μm long, has 7–8 μm long cervical setae, 11–14 μm long caudal setae, 25–41 μm long spicules about 2.1–2.7 anal diameter, and pointed tail-tip. Paramonohystera sinica possesses 12 cephalic setae, a character found in four congeners: Paramonohystera buetschlii (Bresslau and Schuurmans Stekhoven in Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1935, Paramonohystera pilosa Boucher, 1971, Paramonohystera concinna Lorenzen, 1977 and Paramonohystera halerba Fadeeva and Belogurov, 1987. It differs from P. buetschlii by shorter body (933–1023 μm versus 2000–2200 μm); from P. pilosa by the much shorter spicules (79–88 μm versus 167 μm) and narrower head (13–16 µm versus 32 µm); from P.concinna by smooth cephalic setae (versus segmented); and from P. halerba by the absence of two rows of setae on the ventral side of the tail (versus present). Based on the evaluation of nominal species, we recognize 14 valid species and provide an emended diagnosis and a tabular key for Paramonohystera.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:474B8F17-AED7-4078-8176-DFC499B78526     

Cryptic and non-cryptic diversity in New Guinea ground snakes of the genus Stegonotus Duméril,Bibron and Duméril, 1854: a description of four new species (Squamata: Colubridae)

ABSTRACT

The island of New Guinea has been identified as biologically megadiverse but many taxa are still poorly known. This is especially the case for many of the island’s snakes, which by their very nature can be difficult to collect and study. Here we examine the phylogenetic and phylogeographic structure of a poorly studied snake genus, Stegonotus, focusing on the species of New Guinea; until now, Stegonotus has never been examined using modern phylogenetic methods. Using molecular data from 49 individuals representing eight of the ten described species, and including all New Guinea taxa, we estimate a multilocus phylogeny and examine population structure to help identify undescribed taxa. We use morphological data from the corresponding museum vouchered specimens (where available) and also examine additional specimens for taxa not included in the molecular data set to determine morphological differences among putative taxa. We find molecular evidence for four new species of Stegonotus, both morphologically obvious and cryptic, and describe them herein. The recognition of these four species indicates that Stegonotus diversity has been previously underestimated and also suggests that there are likely additional undescribed taxa within the genus. These four taxa increase the number of described species by 40% and further confirm New Guinea as the centre of diversity for the genus.

www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9E21390E-3FD4-40EB-9442-31BC92A76B4F     

蝗虫前肠形态及分类学价值的研究 Ⅲ.槌角蝗科和剑角蝗科

采用体视显微摄影技术对８种蝗虫（槌角蝗科２种,剑角蝗科６种）前肠内部形态结构及分类价值进行了研究．结果显示,蝗虫前肠Ⅱ和Ⅳ区齿在排列方式上属间差异较明显,属内变化不大．但佛蝗属３种蝗虫在这两区脊上齿的排列上表现出较大的差异．     

操作任务持续快速变化背景下人因失误分类方法的适用性研究

人因失误分类是人因可靠性分析中最重要的问题之一。为了探讨现有人因失误分类方法在操作任务持续快速变化背景下的适用性,基于调峰背景下主控室操纵员操作任务的特性,以人因失误分类法的评估标准为依据,由3位人因专家和7位有主控室运行经验的评估员组成评估小组,采取评估与问卷调查相结合的方法,从全面性、可靠性、理论有效性、背景有效性、实用性、资源效率、易用性7个方面,对现有的人因失误分类方法进行评估打分。统计评估结果得知,在进行操作任务持续快速变化背景下操纵员的人因失误辨识时,现有的人因失误分类方法各自有优势与劣势,没有一种能较好地应用。需要建立新的方法或对原有的方法进行改进来解决操作任务持续快速变化背景下的人因失误辨识问题。     

昏暗球蛛雄性新发现(蜘蛛目:球蛛科)

首次记述了昏暗球蛛Theridion obscuratum Zhu,1998的雄性,标本采自于中国福建武夷山,并给出了该种详细的鉴别特征、形态特征描述及形态特征图.     

飞雁壮头蛛Chorizopes goosus的雄性新发现(蜘蛛目:园蛛科)

记述了采自我国广西大明山国家级自然保护区园蛛科的飞雁壮头蛛Chorizopes goosus Yin et a1.,1990,其雄性系首次发现.标本保存于河北大学博物馆.文中所有测量单位为mm.     

石杉科植物研究综述

石杉科是一类多年生小型草本植物 ,土生、附生或生于苔藓层中 ,喜阴凉潮湿环境。我国有该科植物2属 5组近 5 0种。石杉科植物普遍含有石杉碱甲 ,但以蛇足石杉的含量为最高 ;除石杉碱甲外 ,石杉科植物还含有几十种石松生物碱 ,但在众多的石杉碱及其类似物中 ,以石杉碱甲的医疗效果为最好。与光谱法测定相比 ,色谱法测定具有操作简单、重复性好、周期短和成本低廉等优点