操作任务持续快速变化背景下人因失误分类方法的适用性研究

人因失误分类是人因可靠性分析中最重要的问题之一。为了探讨现有人因失误分类方法在操作任务持续快速变化背景下的适用性,基于调峰背景下主控室操纵员操作任务的特性,以人因失误分类法的评估标准为依据,由3位人因专家和7位有主控室运行经验的评估员组成评估小组,采取评估与问卷调查相结合的方法,从全面性、可靠性、理论有效性、背景有效性、实用性、资源效率、易用性7个方面,对现有的人因失误分类方法进行评估打分。统计评估结果得知,在进行操作任务持续快速变化背景下操纵员的人因失误辨识时,现有的人因失误分类方法各自有优势与劣势,没有一种能较好地应用。需要建立新的方法或对原有的方法进行改进来解决操作任务持续快速变化背景下的人因失误辨识问题。

A Study on the Applicability of Human Error Taxonomies in the Context of Continuous and Rapid Changes in Operational Tasks

Human error classification is one of the most important problems in human factor reliability analysis.In order to explore the applicability of existed human error taxonomies in the context of continuous and rapid changes in operational tasks,based on the characteristics of the operation tasks of the operator in the main control room under the background of peak shaving and the evaluation criteria of the human error taxonomies,3 human factors experts and 7 evaluators with experience in the operation of the main control room were formed into an evaluation group.The method of combining evaluation and questionnaire survey was used to evaluate the existed human error taxonomies from the aspects of comprehensiveness,reliability,theoretical validity,contextual validity,usefulness,resource efficiency,and usability.The statistical evaluation results show that the existed human error taxonomies have their own advantages and disadvantages when performing human factor identification of operators under the background of continuous and rapid changes in operating tasks,and none of them can be well applied.So a new method or an improvement of the original method is needed to solve the problem of human error identification in the context of continuous and rapid change of operational tasks.