The annexins: spatial and temporal coordination of signaling events during cellular stress

Annexins are a family of structurally related, Ca²⁺-sensitive proteins that bind to negatively charged phospholipids and establish specific interactions with other lipids and lipid microdomains. They are present in all eukaryotic cells and share a common folding motif, the “annexin core”, which incorporates Ca²⁺- and membrane-binding sites. Annexins participate in a variety of intracellular processes, ranging from the regulation of membrane dynamics to cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. Here we focus on the role of annexins in cellular signaling during stress. A chronic stress response triggers the activation of different intracellular pathways, resulting in profound changes in Ca²⁺ and pH homeostasis and the production of lipid second messengers. We review the latest data on how these changes are sensed by the annexins, which have the ability to simultaneously interact with specific lipid and protein moieties at the plasma membrane, contributing to stress adaptation via regulation of various signaling pathways.     

提高醋酸纤维薄膜电泳实验成功率的探讨

针对人血清蛋白醋酸纤维薄膜电泳学生实验中薄膜选择和处理不当、点样不均匀，血清蛋白分离不良、搭桥不规范，产生斜泳、电泳条件掌握不好，区带分离不开、漂洗时膜重叠，造成血清蛋白粘连、染色不好，背景和区带不清晰等6个容易出现问题的环节，收集、展示了上述原因而导致实验失败的图谱，并与实验成功的图谱作对照。对实验的各个操作环节进行了深入探讨、提出了具体改进的措施，使学生一次成功率达到90%以上。该文提高教学质量具有重要意义。     

Enhanced low-humidity performance of proton-exchange membrane fuel cell by introducing hydrophilic CNTs in membrane electrode assembly

Hydrophilic carbon nanotubes (HCNTs) were introduced into the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) to improve its low-humidity performance. The effects of types, placement, loading, and relative humidity on the MEA performance were investigated. It has been found that the MEA with 20 ?wt% HCNTs loading both in anode and cathode achieved the best self-humidifying performance. Its current density reached 1550 ?mA ?cm^?2 at 0.6 ?V, with a maximum power density of 953 ?mW/cm² at 70 ?°C, 30 psi and 30% relative humidity conditions. Besides, the stability test shows that its current density at 0.6 ?V only decreased by 6.4% after 44 ?h performance test, while the performance of blank MEA without HCNTs decreased by 45% within 6 ?h testing period. This extraordinary performance under low humidity condition is ascribed to that the HCNTs contained in the MEA improve the water management and mass transportation by functioning as a dispersant and hydrophilic agent.     

味觉电化学传感器的研究——可兴奋性脂膜对有味物质的响应

本文研究了酸味物质，甜味物质和咸味物质对膦脂膜味觉电化学传感器的影响，发现盐酸能降低该传感器的膜电位绝对值，同时降低膜电阻，食盐对膜电阻没有影响，而能提高膜电位的绝对值；蔗糖对膜电位影响甚微，但能显著提高膜电阻。     

三槽型批式制取强酸性水设备的结构及参数

为克服二槽型强酸性水制取设备的缺点,探讨并设计了三槽型强酸性水制取设备的结构和方法,工作原理、单元材料的选择等问题.利用本研究制作的三槽型批式强酸性水制取设备制取强酸性水的实验结果表明电极距离为10cm、电压32V、盐水浓度5.32%时,设备生产强酸水的电流效率最高.     

原生质体膜的发育特征

通过对黑麦(Secale Cerenle.L.)、向日葵(Helianthus Annuus.L)幼苗叶片的分段取材,利用扫描电镜技术研究了植物叶肉原生质体质膜的发育特征。我们发现(从叶片基部开始到叶尖)双子叶、单子叶植物原生质体的质膜发育具有相似的规律性。原生质体幼龄时,质膜表面出现了各种突起组成的球状“微区”,随着细胞的成熟,质膜表面逐渐变得多皱,进而光滑,其方式在单、双子叶植物略有不同。本文详细地描述了质膜的形态发育特征,同时讨论了这些特征与叶肉原生质体其它特征的关系。     

低强度激光照射对红细胞膜的生物学效应

低强度激光照射对整个血液系统及其主要有形成分红细胞都有着广泛的生物学效应,影响着血液和红细胞的各方面生物物理特性。本文从红细胞膜的角度就低强度激光照射对红细胞膜各组分生物学效应加以讨论。     

反渗透与纳滤膜分离技术在铜矿废水回收中的应用研究

研究了反渗透和纳滤膜在铜矿废水处理回用情况,考察并对比了反渗透和纳滤膜的透过液浓度、膜通量、清洗状况以及对废水的浓缩倍数(浓缩液Cu2+浓度)等参数.试验发现,一级反渗透和纳滤的透过液浓度分别为8mg/L和14mg/L,对Cu2+的截留率分别达到96.64%和94.19%,二级纳滤浓缩液Cu2+浓度可达到4000mg/L以上,满足Cu2+回收的要求,二级反渗透膜脱盐处理后的产水Cu2+浓度可低至0.2mg/L以下,满足回用水要求.研究表明,将反渗透和纳滤膜分离技术应用到铜矿废水处理工程中是可行的,具有显著的经济利益和社会效益.     

低温胁迫下油菜素内酯对高山离子芥悬浮细胞膜系统的影响

为研究低温胁迫下油菜素内酯(brassinosteroids, BRs)对植物细胞膜系统的影响,使用24-表油菜素内酯(24-epibrassinolide, EBR)在4℃处理高山离子芥(Chorispora bungeana)悬浮细胞.结果显示,低温胁迫下高山离子芥悬浮细胞的离子渗漏率和丙二醛(MDA)含量明显升高,而EBR处理显著降低了细胞的离子渗漏率和MDA含量.此外,低温胁迫下,EBR处理在一定程度上提高了膜脂脂肪酸不饱和程度并明显增强了细胞质膜H~+-ATPase,K~+-ATPase,Ca~(2+)-ATPase以及Mg~(2+)-ATPase的活性.另外,低温诱导CbCOR15基因大量表达.而在低温胁迫初期,EBR处理细胞的CbCOR15基因表达水平更高.以上实验结果表明,EBR在稳定低温胁迫下高山离子芥悬浮细胞膜系统的结构与功能方面发挥积极作用,从而保证细胞生理代谢的正常进行,以提高其抗寒能力.     

膜分离技术在制浆造纸工业中的应用

综述了膜分离技术在制浆造纸工业中的应用。膜分离技术可以用于制浆废液的浓缩,制浆废液中主要成分的分离,漂白废水、脱墨废水、涂布废水、纸机白水的处理。在制浆造纸工业中充分利用膜分离技术对解决污染问题,降低运行成本具有重要的意义。