运用绿色荧光蛋白探讨肉葡萄球菌双精氨酸分泌途径

根据肉葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus carnosus)TM300的基因组序列设计引物,经PCR扩增得到其tufA基因的启动子Peftu片段与大肠杆菌–葡萄球菌穿梭载体pBT2-Tat-GFP连接,构建了穿梭质粒pBT2-ETG.结果表明,穿梭质粒pBT2-ETG成功地转入大肠杆菌与肉葡萄球菌宿主中稳定表达具有活性的绿色荧光蛋白GFP,并被转运到肉葡萄球菌宿主的细胞壁,为进一步研究肉葡萄球菌双精氨酸(Tat)转运系统正确分泌其他外源蛋白奠定了实验基础.     

绿色荧光裸鼠部分免疫学指标的测定及分析

摘要: 目的检测绿色荧光蛋白( Green Fluorescence Protein,简称GFP) 转基因裸鼠的部分免疫学指标,分析GFP 转基因裸鼠与其他小鼠在免疫学方面的优缺点,为将来的研究提供基础参考值。方法① 实验选用6 ～ 8 周GFP 转基因裸鼠、BALB/c 裸鼠和BALB/c 小鼠,活体称体质量,剖取脾脏称其质量,之后进行脾淋巴细胞增殖能力的测定。② 取外周血,测定部分血常规指标及免疫球蛋白指标。结果① GFP 转基因裸鼠脾脏质量、脾脏系数以及T、B 淋巴细胞增殖反应与BALB/c 裸鼠相近,但与BALB/c 小鼠差异显著。② GFP 转基因裸鼠、BALB/c 裸鼠两种裸鼠品系外周血白细胞水平、淋巴细胞以比例及免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM 都远低于BALB/c 小鼠,差异显著。结论从脏器系数、白细胞水平,免疫球蛋白水平等角度发现,GFP 转基因裸鼠和BALB/c 裸鼠的免疫系统水平较BALB/c 小鼠相弱,其中GFP 转基因裸鼠的免疫系统水平最为低下。     

文昌鱼Pax1/9基因上游调控区的克隆及分析

脊椎动物Pax1/9是一重要的发育调控基因亚家族,文昌鱼基因组中仅有单一的该亚家族直系同源基因Amphi-Pax1/9,为检验此基因上游调控元件的功能在脊椎动物体内是否具有通用性,将文昌鱼Pax1/9基因上游约4.6 kb的侧翼序列与绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)报告基因连接,构建重组质粒表达载体(pAmphiPax1/9-AcGFP),显微注射斑马鱼胚胎,并以斑马鱼Pax1和Pax9的上游同源序列为阳性对照.结果表明,阳性对照斑马鱼胚胎中GFP能够表达,但注射pAm-phiPax1/9-AcGFP质粒的斑马鱼胚胎中无明显的GFP表达,这一现象可能是由于Pax1/9上游调控序列在二物种间存在较大的进化差异,启动元件具有物种特异性.     

有趣的发光生物与奇妙的发光蛋白*

“生物发光”现象一直以来都吸引着科学家的好奇心,它看似神奇,但在自然界十分普遍。“生物发光”现象有着独特的生态功能和进化意义。在漫漫历史长河中,人类对生物发光现象的探索从未停止过。从用发光生物作为最原始的照明工具,到利用绿色荧光蛋白标记细胞内组分;从对生物发光机理的探究,到荧光蛋白种类的开发, 科学的脚步在一步步前进,生命的秘密也在一点点被点亮。     

Efficient transformation and expression of gfp gene in the edible mushroom Pleurotus nebrodensis

An efficient transformation method mediated by PEG-protoplasts was developed for the newly commercial edible mushroom Pleurotus nebrodensis. Two plasmids were used to co-transform protoplasts of P. nebrodensis. One plasmid is pAN7-1 containing a positive selectable marker gene hph conferring hygromycin B resistance. Another plasmid is pBlue-GFP containing a reporter gene gfp conferring green fluorescent protein. PCR and Southern blot analysis showed that hph gene or/and gfp gene were integrated into the genome of P. nebrodensis transformants. The transformation efficiency of the positive selectable marker gene hph was 3 transformants per microgram of plasmid pAN7-1 DNA, which was about 30 times higher than that previously reported in thoroughly studied Pleurotus species such as Pleurotus ostreatus. The transformation efficiency of the reporter gene gfp was 9 transformants per microgram of plasmid pBlu-GFP DNA. The co-transformation efficiency was 23.68%. This is the first report that a ＂reporter＂ gene, green fluorescent protein gene can be successfully stably exoressed in this Pleurotus species.     

根癌农杆菌介导的GFP在洋葱表皮细胞定位研究

采用根癌农杆菌介导的方法,以受控于CaMV35S启动子的携带有GFP报告基因的双元植物表达载体pCAMBIA1300-35S-GFP转化洋葱表皮细胞.荧光显微镜下观察结果显示,GFP基因在经浸染和共培养后的洋葱表皮细胞中得到了表达,绿色荧光分布在细胞核和细胞质中,为进一步研究新基因的亚细胞定位和瞬时表达奠定了基础.     

TD1修饰绿色荧光蛋白透皮功能的研究

TD1作为一种含有11个氨基酸的短肽,具有良好的促进蛋白类大分子透皮的功能.过去的研究显示TD1可以有效协助胰岛素通过皮肤进入循环并最终降低血糖.在本研究中我们构建了一种TD1 N端修饰的GFP融合蛋白(TGFP). 我们的实验表明, 与TD1与GFP蛋白的混合物相比, TGFP具有更加良好的透皮功能.这一发现为透皮给药研究提供了一条新的途径,并对解释TD1透皮功能具有指导意义.     

The VER2 promoter contains repeated sequences and requires vernalization for its activity in winter wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）

Previously, we isolated a vernalization-related gene, VER2, from winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its expression was restricted in the immature leaves of vernalized wheat seedlings. To further investigate the regulation of VER2 expression and the function of its promoter, we isolated a 41.7 kb genomic clone containing VER2 gene from atransformation-competent artificial chromosome (TAC) library of wheat (Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa). The sequence analysis showed that there were eleven predicted genes in the TAC. The exons of gene 3 corresponded to the cDNA sequence of VER2 gene. Analysis of VER2 promoter structure showed that there were three small repeat sequences divided by two large repeat sequences. The putative response elements, such as abscisic acid response elements (ABRE), MeJA-response elements (Me-JARE), low-temperature response elements (LTR), endosperm expression elements, MYB binding sites and similar elements to GA response elements (GARE), were involved in the VER2 promoter region. Construct containing the VER2 promoter (-5895 to 73) driving GFP reporter gene was bombarded into vernalized or non-verualized immature leaves in wheat. The vernalized immature leaves showed bright green fluorescence after incubation for 24 h, however, the green fluorescence was not observed in the non-vernalization leaves under the same condition. These results suggested that vernalization was essential for the function of VER2 promoter in the immature leaves of winter wheat.     

外源基因在蓝太阳鱼胚胎发育过程中的表达

通过基因重组,将石斑鱼生长激素基因编码序列克隆到鲤鱼β-actin基因启动子下游,构建成全鱼基因重组子.采用显微注射法将报告基因GFP基因导入蓝太阳鱼受精卵中,研究了外源基因在鱼类胚胎发育中的整合与表达的时序.结果表明GFP在原肠末期开始表达,一直到鱼苗期并未出现表达量的衰减,并表现为嵌合性表达.在受体胚胎早期,外源基因的表达与基因构型和注射的剂量有关,环形质粒的表达要略高于线形质粒,较高浓度的外源基因的表达效率要高.同时将GFP基因与全鱼基因重组子进行了共转移,结果表明两种独立的基因在受体中的整合或表达没有必然的联系.     

用慢病毒载体介导产生绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）转基因小鼠

以慢病毒（lentivirus）载体为骨架，携带绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）基因的假病毒，通过小鼠受精卵卵周隙注射，将其感染小鼠受精卵，经移植于假孕母鼠后获得转基因小鼠．应用PCR、荧光显微镜观察和流式细胞仪分析等技术，证明了GFP基因的整合率达到40%以上；实时定量PCR分析结果表明转基因小鼠中GFP基因整合的拷贝数约为40；染色体荧光原位杂交分析结果显示GFP基因在小鼠染色体上的整合是随机的，并通过交配可将外源基因遗传至子代，获得的多整合位点和不同表达水平的转基因小鼠具有明显的实际应用和研究价值．文中报道的慢病毒载体介导的转基因技术为高效制备和选育高表达转基因小鼠品系提供了一种有效的途径．