烟碱和一氧化碳对大鼠学习记忆及脑发育的影响

通过观察烟碱和一氧化碳(CO)对大鼠学习记忆和脑发育的影响,利用Y型迷宫测试学习记忆,利用电镜技术观测脑超微结构。得出烟碱可使学习记忆能力下降(P<0.05),使大脑皮层厚度(P<0.05)及突触数密度(P相似文献   

通风技术对卷烟内在质量的影响

在对卷烟通风技术对卷烟内在质量影响的研究中,我们发现,当卷烟纸透气度或滤嘴通风度发生变化时,卷烟焦油量、烟气烟碱量表现出线性变化规律;卷烟纸透气度在一定范围内增加对卷烟感官质量是有利的,滤嘴通风度对卷烟感官质量仅有负面影响。     

Induction of nicotine in tobacco by herbivory and its relation to glucose oxidase activity in the labial gland of three noctuid caterpillars

Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L. is a host plant ofHelicoverpa armigera (Huibner), Helicoverpa assulta Guenee and Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). The difference in leaf nicotine response to the feeding by these three larvae and the mechanical simulation of their feeding was examined by HPLC. Results indicated that nicotine induction was suppressed by H. armigera and H. assulta larvae feeding or by simulated damage treated with their labial glands extracts. The production of nicotine was also suppressed by the glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger when it was treated on mechanically wounded leaf area. On the contrary, the nicotine production was stimulated by S. litura larva feeding or by simulated damage treated with its labial gland extract. Heat denature can not counteract the stimulation effect of the S. litura labial gland extracts to tobacco nicotine production. The glucose oxidase activity was detected in labial gland extracts of both H. armigera and H. assulta, but the activity in H. armigera was significantly higher than that in H. assulta. No glucose oxidase activity was detected in labial gland extracts of S. litura. It is shown that the glucose oxidase activity in labial glands of caterpillars plays an important role in the nicotine response to herbivory. The glucose oxidase was mainly contained in the labial gland of H. armigera larva, and had the highest activity at pH 7.0. D-Glucose was the optimal substrate of the glucose oxidase. Labial gland glucose oxidase activities varied daily during larval development with high activities found when larvae were actively feeding.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定烟草中烟碱的优化

考察了烟碱在C18柱上的色谱行为.优化出的反相高效液相色谱法测定烟草中烟碱的条件为:ODSHypersil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)柱;柱温25℃;流速1 mL/min;流动相A为10 mmol/L的磷酸氢二钠缓冲溶液,三乙胺添加量为0.2%,pH值为4.2,B为甲醇;A∶B=95∶5;检测波长259 nm.该条件下烟碱的分离和对称性良好,保留时间短,准确度高、重现性好.     

由烟厂废料提取天然烟碱的研究

以烟厂废料为原料，经溶剂提取、蒸馏、萃取过程提取烟碱并介绍了工艺过程、工艺条件及本工艺技术特点。     

卷烟阴燃烟气中亚硝胺含量与其焦油和烟碱量的关连

测定了市售各种烤烟型和混合型卷烟阴燃烟气中亚硝胺的含量 ,并探讨了与卷烟焦油和烟碱量的关联 .实验证明 :降低焦油对于减少卷烟阴燃烟气中亚硝胺含量的作用很有限 ,而采用选择性吸附 /催化分解亚硝胺的添加剂等降害新技术则效果较为明显     

Spectroscopic studies on interaction of hemoglobin and serum albumin with nicotine

The interactions of nicotine and Hb/SA were studied in vitro by UV/Vis, fluorescence, 1H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopies. The UV/Vis absorbance of Hb/SA (200 nm)shifted to red and decreased gradually with the addition of nicotine, indicating that the protein conformational change resulted from the chemical interaction. With increasing nicotine concentration, incubation of SA with nicotine caused the quenching of fluorescence typical of protein tryptophan residues, which meant that the vicinity of the tryptophan residues of SA was changed because of nicotine. FT-IR spectra showed that α-helix component of Hb/SA decreased, turn and β-structure components of Hb/SA increased in the presence of nicotine. In the 1H NMR spectra of nicotine, all proton peaks on pyrrolidinyl ring moved to downfield and the resonance emanating from nicotine was preferentially broadened while the concentration of Hb/SA increased. All these results indicate that nicotine and Hb/SA in vitro interact on each other, forming a new complex and inducing the protein conformational change.     

尼古丁-FET传感器的研制

尼古丁是烟草中最重要的生物碱。本文报导以四苯硼酸尼古丁缔合物为活性材料,研制了尼古丁场效应管传感器,测试了器件的性能参数,获得满意的结果。其线性范围在10~(-1)～10~(-4)mol/l,斜率为56±1mV/pc,适用的 pH 范围在5.5～7.5之间。     

尼古丁与茜素红显色反应的研究

研究并确立了尼古丁与茜素红的显色反应条件.尼古丁与茜素红在水中发生显色反应,其反应产物的λmax=525nm.尼古丁的浓度在0～80mg L范围内服从比耳定律;表观摩尔吸光系数为6.84×103L·mol-1·cm-1;相对标准偏差为1.2%(n=9);回收率符合要求.     

瓜环对卷烟主流烟气中焦油、烟碱的截留作用研究

本文利用气相色谱法考察了瓜环Q[5]、Q[6]、Q[8]及混合瓜环Q[n]对卷烟主流烟气中焦油、烟碱的截留作用,结果表明空腔较大的瓜环对焦油、烟碱有明显的截留作用,截留效率随瓜环空腔尺寸及用量的增加而增大。当瓜环用量为20 mg时,Q[8]和Q[n]对焦油、烟碱的截留分别达到46.1%、60.3%和32.5%、40.8%.