Influence of bistramide A on the twitch tension in rat atrial heart muscle

Bistramide A, a new toxin isolated from the UrochordateLissoclinum bistratum Sluiter, was applied to rat auricular heart muscle bundles. At a stimulation frequency of 0.2 Hz, the toxin induces a dose-dependent reduction of the stimulated twitch tension force; it decreases and shortens the duration of the plateau and the slow repolarizing phase of the action potential. In the control solution, switching from a stimulation frequency of 0.2 Hz to 1 Hz decreases the force with which a positive potentiation develops either at a maintained high frequency or after switching from 1 Hz to 0.2 Hz. Bistramide A reduces both the force evoked at 1 Hz and the potentiation. The data suggest that Bistramide A blocks Na⁺ conductance; inhibits Ca⁺⁺ channels in a time-and frequency-dependent manner; reduces Na⁺–Ca⁺⁺ exchange activity; but does not modify the ability of the sarcoplasmic reticulum to be refilled although the rate of Ca⁺⁺ accumulation is decreased.     

Cholecystokinin is not a major regulator in the digestive system in the chicken

To find out whether physiological concentrations of cholecystokinin (CCK), a gastrointestinal hormone in mammals, are also active in chickens, the pancreatic amylase secretory response to CCK-8 was investigated in vitro. Rat pancreatic acini responded to the physiological concentration of CCK-8, but in chickens amylase release was induced at a concentration of CCK-8 1000 times higher than that observed in rats. In another experiment, biliary flow was tested with several doses of CCK-8. The bile flow was stimulated in a dose-dependent fashion, but a significant enhancement was not obtained at a concentration of 0.5 g CCK-8/kg body weight, which was considerably higher than physiological ones. It is concluded that endogeneous CCK does not have an important role in the digestive system in the chicken.     

Pineal ‘synaptic’ ribbon numbers and melatonin synthesis of rat are resistant to guanethidine sympathectomy

Chemical sympathectomy is widely used to study the impact of the noradrenergic system on neuronal and neuroendocrine circuits. We tested the effects of intraperitoneal injections of guanethidine, an adrenergic neuron blocking agent, on selected functional parameters of the rat pineal gland which are known to be under sympathetic influence. The reliability of the method was demonstrated by the clear enophthalmus developed by experimental animals. However, neither the numbers of synaptic ribbons nor melatonin synthesis differed between treated and control rats, both parameters exhibiting the nocturnal increase seen in intact animals. These results are in striking contrast to those obtained upon chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxydopamine or surgical superior cervical ganglionectomy. We conclude that guanethidine is not capable of sufficiently removing noradrenergic influence from the rat pineal gland, and that this substance is thus inferior to other experimental methods of sympathectomy.     

Bernstein多项式导数的整体收敛速度

研究Ｂｅｒｎｓｔｅｉｎ多项式的导数对可导函数的整体逼近,利用Ｋ－泛函和光滑模的方法,建立了同时逼近的正定理和逆定理     

L—统计量的非一致性收敛速度

本文研究了高阶矩条件下L—统计量的非一致性收敛速度,得到了与独立和类似的收敛速度。     

神经网络中误差反传算法的分析与改进

分析了ＢＰ网络存在的主要问题及其产生原因,提出了改进算法ＢＰＧ,以共轭梯度方向代替梯度方向进行搜索,并在学习过程中采用不精确的一维搜索、限幅和条件轮回等措施．计算机仿真结果表明：改进的ＢＰＧ算法优于原ＢＰ算法．     

急性纯氧对SD大鼠损伤的研究

SD大鼠暴露于1ATA100％的急性纯氧中,对其血细胞和肺脏进行研究,以阐明急性纯氧对机体的损伤机制．结果表明：SD大鼠暴露于100％急性纯氧中不同时间,血液中红细胞的浓度（RBC）,红细胞压积（HCT）,血红蛋白浓度（HGB）,平均红细胞血红蛋白含量（MCH）,平均红细胞体积（MCV）,平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）,白细胞浓度（WBC）等无显著变化（P＞0．05）;但是,白细胞的分类变化显著（P＜0．05）或非常显著（P＜0.01或P＜0．001）,淋巴细胞随SD大鼠在急性纯氧中暴露的时间延长不断下降,中性粒细胞和单核细胞的总数不断升高．急性氧中暴露65小时后,20％的大鼠死亡,存活的大鼠解剖,发现肺部出现严重的炎症,肺的湿重．脂质过氧化（LPO）产物显著增加（P＜0．001）,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力明显下降（P＜0．001）．     

服务台可修的GI／G／1系统

通过排队等价定理把服务台可修的ＧＩ／Ｇ／１系统转化为经典ＧＩ／Ｇ／１系统,得到了服务台可修的ＧＩ／Ｇ／１系统的队长,闲时,等待时间等排队指标的繁忙弱极限定理。     

广义强非线性拟变分不等式

引入并研究一类新的广义强非线性拟分变不等式,构造新的迭代算法,在没有紧性条件下,证明这类拟变分不等式解的存在性及由算法生成的迭代序列的收敛性,所得结果包含了近期一些作者的工作作为特例。     

一种同时求解多项式重根的迭代方法及其收敛性

本文给出一种三阶收敛的同时求解多项式重根的迭代方法,并分析该分法收敛的初始值条件,我们也给出算例。