盐岩储库腔底堆积物空隙体积试验与计算

受建库盐层本身地质特点影响,造腔结束后,底部一般会堆积大量不溶物。堆积物的存在既浪费了有效库容体积,又为整体建库施工带来了诸多不利因素。为科学评价该堆积物并进行有效处理或转变利用以增大库容体积,对其分布特征及堆积空隙体积进行了研究。通过室内溶腔实验获取了堆积不溶物样品,采用筛分法实验测定了其颗粒分布,并根据分形分布理论对其粒度分布特征进行了分析,进而基于可压缩堆积模型对堆积空隙体积进行了数值及模型研究。应用实例进行计算并与现场数据进行了对比评价验证,结果表明,在双对数坐标系下,腔底堆积物颗粒尺寸与累积数量呈线性相关,即其粒度分布可用分形分布函数进行表征,且分形维数作为分布特征参量能较好地描述颗粒均匀程度与集中性。     

MgFeSiO_4 prepared via a molten salt method as a new cathode material for rechargeable magnesium batteries

Well-crystallized MgFeSiO4 microparticles were synthesized at different temperatures by a simple molten salt method using KCl flux. As a new cathode for rechargeable magnesium batteries,the material shows a reversible Mg2+ intercalation-deintercalation process. In 0.25 mol/L Mg(AlCl2EtBu) 2/THF electrolyte,MgFeSiO4 synthesized at 900°C can deliver a 125.1 mAh/g initial dis-charge capacity and a 91.4% capacity retention on the 20th cycle at a rate of 0.1C(about 15.6 mA/g) . The results show that MgFeSiO4 cou...     

土壤水力侵蚀能量力学机理的理论分析

根据力学和物质与能量原理，对土壤水力侵蚀这一自然地理现象从哲学的高度进行分析，认为水动力作用是土壤水力侵蚀的根本原因；物质与能量守恒是土壤水力侵蚀的基本法则；侵蚀与沉积并存是土壤水力侵蚀的普遍规律。提出基于能量力学机理的3个土壤水力侵蚀的新理论，即侵蚀平衡理论、最大梯度理论和水流侵蚀力理论。指出按这种思想建立的数学模型能揭示土壤水力侵蚀的规律，因而具有重要的理论和应用价值。     

冰晶石熔盐介质中铝热还原-熔盐电解二氧化硅

讨论了铝热还原二氧化硅的热力学条件,热力学计算结果表明铝热还原二氧化硅的反应在热力学上可行.差示扫描量热法分析结果表明,铝热还原二氧化硅反应的表观活化能为697.5 k J/mol,反应级数为3.7.在冰晶石熔盐介质中铝热还原二氧化硅,可得到含8.56%硅的铝硅合金及富氧化铝的冰晶石熔盐;使用惰性阳极电解分离后的富氧化铝的冰晶石熔盐,可得到含94.01%铝的铝硅合金及氧气,硅的回收率为83.43%.     

MgCl_2-KCl-AlF_3-(La_2O_3)熔盐体系电解制备Al-Mg-La中间合金

在质量比为41.5∶48.5∶10的MgCl_2-KCl-AlF3熔盐体系中加入质量分数为0.6%La_2O_3,利用电解法制备了Al-Mg-La合金.用ICP-OES(电感耦合等离子体光谱仪)和XRD进行了合金的组成和物相分析.研究结果表明,在电解温度800℃,阴极电流密度6.92A/cm2,槽电压5.3~5.4V,电解时间为1h的条件下,电流效率为86.2%,得到的合金主相为α-Mg基体、β-Al12Mg17相与Al11La3相.高的阴极电流密度有利于合金中镁含量的增加.     

Evolution of the East Asian monsoon and its response to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau since 1.8 Ma recorded by major elements in sediments of the South China Sea

Evolution of the East Asian monsoon and its response to uplift of the Tibetan Plateau has been investigated in the study of global change. Core sediment samples drilled in the South China Sea during ODP Leg184 are the best materials for studying long-term variability of the East Asian monsoon. R-mode factor analysis of major elements in the fine grain-sized carbonate-free sediments (<4 μm) of the upper 185 mcd splice of ODP Site 1146 drilled during Leg184 in the South China Sea shows that Ti, TFe2O3, MgO, K2O, P, CaO, and Al2O3 are representative of a terrestrial factor. The variation in the terrestrial factor score is subject to chemical erosion in the source region and thus indicates the evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon. The terrestrial factor score has three stepwise decreases at ~1.3 Ma, ~0.9 Ma, and ~0.6 Ma, indicating the phased weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon is related to wholly stepwise, quick uplifts of the Tibetan Plateau since 1.8 Ma. The periodic fluctuation of the terrestrial factor score since ~0.6 Ma indicates that the glacial-interglacial cycles have been the main force driving the evolution of the East Asian monsoon. As in the case of Chinese loess, the long-term evolution of the East Asian monsoon recorded in sediments of the South China Sea reflects a coupled effect of the glacial-interglacial cycle and uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.     

傅里叶变换近红外光谱法测定榨菜酱油成分

基于傅里叶变换近红外光谱技术,通过主成分分析(PCA),可较好地区分不同品牌的榨菜酱油样本.利用偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立了测定榨菜酱油成分的定量分析模型,校正集样本中总酸、氨基酸态氮和食盐的分析模型决定系数(R2)分别为98.44,98.74和98.48,交叉验证均方差(RMSECV)分别为0.001 3,0.008 44和0.355.预测集样本中总酸、氨基酸态氮和食盐的外部验证决定系数(R2)分别为96.04,95.90,96.27,预测集标准偏差(RMSEP)分别为0.017 4,0.012 9,0.48.实验结果具有较高的预测精度,可以用于测定榨菜酱油主要成分的质量浓度.     

山西运城盐湖区白骨顶羽毛Pb、Cu、Cd的含量及分布

对采自于山西运城盐湖区白骨顶(Fulica atra)羽毛铅、铜、镉含量进行了测定,并对这几种重金属在各个部位羽毛中的浓度进行了比较.结果表明,白骨顶羽毛的Pb含量为0.53～6.26μg/g、Cu含量为0.56～9.18μg/g、Cd含量0.002～0.24μg/g.铅在白骨顶羽毛中以背羽含量为最高,腹羽最低;铜含量以初级飞羽最高,背羽最低;镉含量背羽最高,腹羽最低.     

污水处理芽孢杆菌的抗盐诱变育种技术研究

污染海水的处理是沿海城市生态环境治理中迫切需要解决的问题,培育耐盐污水处理菌种具有重要实践意义.对处理污水的芽孢杆菌Y进行抗盐诱变育种,分别采用紫外线照射、NTG、及60Coγ等方法,选出最佳诱变方法为NTG900μg/m与60Coγ200 Gy的复合处理.     

基于RS和GIS的水土流失遥感调查方法探讨

以湖北省为例,在传统目视解译方法的基础上对遥感调查方法做了改进.通过遥感影像的信息提取,获得区域土地利用类型和水土流失影响因子,在此基础上建立水土流失分级指标,并使用ARC-GIS强大的空间分析功能生成最后的结果.采用该方法能够及时掌握区域水土流失现状、水土保持治理、水土流失动态变化等信息.